一种运载火箭时变结构模态参数辨识的确定性演化方法

针对运载火箭的时变结构模态参数辨识问题进行研究，基于时变自回归滑动平均(TARMA)模型，提出一种时变结构模态参数辨识的确定性演化方法。该方法利用小波基函数的良好局部函数拟合能力，将墨西哥帽小波函数作为TARMA模型时变系数的空间基底，构建了基于小波函数的泛函序列时变自回归滑动平均(FS-TARMA)模型，并发展了两步最小二乘估计方法，实现了时变系数的解耦估计。通过有限单元法，建立了阿里安V号芯级运载火箭时变有限元模型，对所提辨识方法进行了验证，结果表明：墨西哥帽小波基FS-TARMA方法能够有效地辨识系统的时变模态参数；与传统傅里叶基FS-TARMA方法相比，具有更好的辨识精度，并且能够准确地反映出模态局部细节特征。     

航天器被动检漏方法的探讨

分析了航天器被动检漏的具体要求，对常用几种主要被动检漏方法进行了评述，指出了各种被动检漏方法的优、缺点和技术状态。最后，针对我国航天器的被动检漏需求，推荐了航天器被动检漏的相关措施。     

直升机着舰起落架动态响应

舰载直升机着舰过程复杂。与地面降落相比,舰面的不稳定气流使得直升机姿态难以保持,下降的速度更大,且由于直升机通常都是单轮着舰,导致起落架载荷很大。为了研究直升机在不同条件下着舰时起落架的动态响应,建立了机体/起落架/舰船耦合模型,将着舰过程中直升机的运动和舰船的运动联系起来,通过仿真计算得出起落架的动态响应。仿真计算结果表明:直升机着舰质量越大,起落架压缩量和载荷越大;直升机低头着舰会导致前起落架载荷显著增大;直升机着舰下沉速度过大会导致着舰载荷急剧增大,可能会对结构造成破坏。     

High-resolution simulation for rotorcraft aerodynamics in hovering and vertical descending flight using a hybrid method

A high-resolution simulation tool for rotorcraft aerodynamics is developed by coupling CFD with a Vorticity Transport Model (VTM). An Eulerian-based CFD module is used to model the blade near body flowfield, and a Lagrangian-based VTM module is employed for vortex tracking in the far wake. The coupling procedure is implemented by transmitting vortex sources to the VTM module and feeding boundary conditions back to the CFD module. The presented CFD/VTM hybrid solver is firstly validated by hover cases of three different rotor configurations. Simulation results, including the blade surface pressure distribution, rotor downwash, and hover figure of merit, exhibit favorable correlations with available experimental data. Then, a rotor operated in vertical descending flight with a fixed collective pitch is investigated. It is shown that the CFD/VTM coupling method is suitable for rotor wake simulation. Wake instabilities (far wake breakdown in hover and toroidal wake pattern in the vortex ring state) are successfully demonstrated with a moderate computational cost.     

Numerical study on flow control of ship airwake and rotor airload during helicopter shipboard landing

A numerical study on flow control of ship airwake during shipboard landing is carried out to address the effect of flow control devices on helicopter rotor airload. The in-house Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) based solver Rotorcraft AeroDynamics and Aeroacoustics Solver (RADAS), with combination of momentum source approach is employed to conduct the helicopter shipboard landing simulation. The control effects of three aerodynamic modifications of ship superstructure, i.e. ramp, notch and flap, in different Wind-Over-Deck (WOD) conditions are discussed. From the steady simulation results, the effect of spatial variation of ship airwake on rotor airloads is concluded. The aerodynamic modifications reduce the strength of shedding vortex and increase rotor normal force through delaying and relieving flow separation, and therefore are beneficial to alleviate the limitation of control inputs. By contrast, the perturbation of unsteady ship airwake can cause the serious oscillation of rotor forces during shipboard landing. The unsteady simulations show that the turbulence intensity of ship airwake and oscillatory rotor airloading, represented by Root-Mean-Square (RMS) loading, can be remarkably reduced by the ramp and notch modifications, while the flap modification has adverse effect. It means that flow control devices have large potential benefits to alleviate the pilot’s workload and improve the shipboard landing safety, but they should be well designed to avoid the introduction of more vortex, which leads to increase in disturbance of flow field.     

对贫困大学生资助问题的思考

面对贫困大学生的生活状况,国家、社会和各高等学校分别采取了多种措施以缓解他们的因难,但是,任何减负的方式如离开了贫困生主体的参与和实践.就不可能取得显著的成效.笔者以为:现阶段对贫困生的费助不仅要"授之以鱼",更要"授之以渔".培养他们的自助能力,增强他们战胜困难的信心和勇气,从源头上帮助其家庭摆脱困境,才是最为有效的途径.     

活塞裙部外圆复杂型面在位检测及其误差修正

提出了一种基于Windows环境下的活塞裙部外圆复杂型面在位检测的新方法,并设计了在位检测的软、硬件系统.同时,根据活塞裙部型面的特点,在现有常用误差处理算法的基础上进行了改进,新的误差处理方法具有更强的适用性.     

文化语言学视角下高校大学英语课程体系探索

本文以大学英语课程体系为主要研究对象,以文化语言学为切入点,通过针对课程体系建设中具体问题开展实际研究,提出大学英语课程体系构建的合理化建议,尝试性构建以文化学和语言学为理论支撑的大学英语课程体系新模式,为大学英语课程教学实践提供实践指引,同时通过这一课程改革的实施促进大学生全面发展,为社会提供复合型人才储备。     

星光折射连续修正方法及制导规划

针对星光折射模型本身固有的缺点，对星光折射连续修正方法进行了研究，该方法首先探索折射星的分布规律，而后采用Unscented卡尔曼滤波算法+多星连续观测的方案实现定位。同时，对可用星与选星要素和基于突防规划的星光制导弹道设计两方面进行了研究，在星光制导制约机理研究的基础上，提出了惯性/星光制导规划方法，该方法包括导航星的优选策略、导航星优选技术和星点位置的精确计算3步。最后，介绍了星光制导系统的系统组成和功能原理。     

航空装备修理企业物资数据编码标准研究

航空修理企业物资编码的标准化对于航空修理系统信息化建设非常重要.本文阐述了物资分类与编码的原则、方法和结构,结合某航空修理企业物资管理、直升机维修过程管理的实际需要,对直升机件、发动机件、金属材料、非金属材料等物资的编码及基础数据管理办法进行研究,提出了与国家标准原则相一致、分类科学、结构简单、可操作性强的航空物资分类与编码的方法与结构.