首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
文章检索
  按 检索   检索词:      
出版年份:   被引次数:   他引次数: 提示:输入*表示无穷大
  收费全文   5991篇
  免费   51篇
  国内免费   34篇
航空   2803篇
航天技术   2262篇
综合类   82篇
航天   929篇
  2021年   56篇
  2019年   37篇
  2018年   96篇
  2017年   80篇
  2016年   63篇
  2015年   45篇
  2014年   126篇
  2013年   158篇
  2012年   146篇
  2011年   232篇
  2010年   166篇
  2009年   235篇
  2008年   350篇
  2007年   175篇
  2006年   165篇
  2005年   167篇
  2004年   139篇
  2003年   190篇
  2002年   140篇
  2001年   174篇
  2000年   135篇
  1999年   153篇
  1998年   165篇
  1997年   132篇
  1996年   133篇
  1995年   176篇
  1994年   179篇
  1993年   110篇
  1992年   133篇
  1991年   70篇
  1990年   71篇
  1989年   133篇
  1988年   60篇
  1987年   59篇
  1986年   57篇
  1985年   195篇
  1984年   144篇
  1983年   130篇
  1982年   127篇
  1981年   176篇
  1980年   50篇
  1979年   64篇
  1978年   53篇
  1977年   39篇
  1976年   34篇
  1975年   48篇
  1974年   34篇
  1972年   45篇
  1971年   34篇
  1969年   29篇
排序方式: 共有6076条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
971.
We have studied the effects of prolonged (up to 175 days) exposure of Lactuca sativa seeds to space flight factors, including primary cosmic radiation heavy ions. The data obtained evidence a significant fourfold increase ofs pontaneous mutagenesis in seeds both with regard to the total number of aberrant cells as well as the formation of single cells with multiple aberrations. Comparison of the present experiment with earlier works shows that the frequency of such aberrations increases with the duration of the flight.  相似文献   
972.
973.
Bacterial spores are proper test organisms for studying problems of space biology and exobiology. During the Spacelab 1 mission, studies on the limiting factors for survival of Bacillus subtilis spores in free space have been performed. An exposure tray on the pallet of Spacelab 1 accomodated 316 samples of dry spores for treatment with space vacuum and/or the following selected wavelengths of solar UV: > 170 nm, 220 nm, 240nm, 260nm and 280 nm. After recovery, inactivation, mutation induction, reparability, and photochemical damages in DNA and protein have been studied. The results contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of increased UV sensitivity of bacterial spores in vacuo and to a better assessment of the chance of survival of resistant forms in space and of interplanetary transfer of life.  相似文献   
974.
The electron and ion beams which have been detected on many rockets and satellites are of particular interest because beam particles carry information about both the ionosphere and the magnetosphere out to the distant tail. Stability analyses have shown that even the most dramatic beams have evolved until the particle distribution functions are only weakly unstable. The shortest plasma wave growth lengths in the auroral region are usually comparable to the size of an arc. The resulting clearest electron beams generally are relatively minor features of distribution functions which are dominated by plateaus, loss cones, broad or stretched out field aligned features, and hot or cold isotropic components. The true electron beams therefore represent a small fraction of the total electron number density. Ion beams carry a much larger fraction of all ions, but also are only weakly unstable. The electron beams seen at low altitudes can drive whistlers (both electromagnetic and electrostatic, including lower hybrid waves) and upper hybrid waves, which may be particularly intense near electron gyroharmonics. Ion beams can drive low frequency electromagnetic waves that are related to gyrofrequencies of several ion species as well as ion acoustic and electrostatic ion cyclotron waves. These latter waves can be driven both by the drift of ion beams relative to cold stationary ions and by the drift of electrons relative to either stationary or drifting ions. Abrupt changes or boundaries in the electron and ion velocity space distribution functions (e.g. beams and loss cones) have been analyzed to provide information about the plasma source, acceleration process, and regions of strong wave-particle interactions. Fluid analyses have shown that upgoing ion beams carry a great deal of momentum flux from the ionosphere. This aspect of ion beams is analyzed by treating the entire acceleration region as a black box, and determining the forces that must be applied to support the upgoing beams. This force could be provided by moderate energy (10's of eV) electrons which are heated near the lower border of the acceleration region. It is difficult to use standard particle detectors to measure the particles which carry electric current in much of the magnetosphere. Such measurements may be relatively easy within upgoing ion beams because there is some evidence that few of the hard-to-measure cold plasma particles are present. Therefore, ion beam regions may be good places to study fluid or MHD properties of magnetospheric plasmas, including the identification of current carriers, a study of current continuity, and some aspects of the substorm and particle energization processes. Finally, some of the experimental results which would be helpful in an analysis of several magnetospheric problems are summarized.  相似文献   
975.
This paper examines the criteria for selecting the orbital and attitude prediction accuracy requirements for communications satellites. The accuracy requirements have been analyzed in terms of the various space operations involved, e.g., satellite acquisition, guidance and control, communications, telemetry, and command. It is hoped that the findings of this investigation will prove useful in satellite mission planning and design, thereby facilitating a judicious choice of the various satellite and ground components of the related subsystems.  相似文献   
976.
ISEE-3 observations of a long-lasting low-energy proton intensity increase during the 25 September 1978 shock event are presented as an example for interplanetary particle acceleration in association with shock waves. The observations are discussed in the light of current models for particle acceleration. The particular shape of the time intensity behaviour of the particle intensity increase, the existence of a shock spike and the observed particle distributions indicate that the particles are accelerated at the shock by the induced electric field E = ?1cV × B.  相似文献   
977.
978.
The airborne synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) system developed for the Canada Centre for Remote Sensing (CCRS) is described. It consists of two radars, at C-band and X-band. Each radar incorporates the following features: dual-channel receivers and dual-polarized antennas; a high quality, 7-look, real-time processor; a sensitivity time control for range-dependent gain control; a motion-compensation system for antenna steering in azimuth and elevation; and baseband I and Q signal phase rotation. The system also uses a high-power transmitter with a low-power back-up. The SAR maps to either side of the aircraft, at high or low resolution, at incidence angles which in high resolution span 0° to 80°. Radar operating parameters, data products, key specifications and the motion compensation scheme used are presented. Properties of the real-time imagery are discussed and examples of C-band SAR data in the three operating modes are given  相似文献   
979.
Contemporary gamma-ray spectroscopy instruments and their results are reviewed. Sensitivities of 10?4 to 10?3 ph/cm2-sec have been achieved for steady sources and 10?2 to 1 ph/cm2-sec for transient sources. This has led to the detection of gamma-ray lines from more than 40 objects representing 6 classes of astrophysical phenomena. The lines carry model-independent information and are of fundamental importance to theoretical modeling and our understanding of the objects. These results indicate that gamma-ray spectroscopy is relevant to a wide range of astrophysical problems and is becoming a major part of astronomy. The objectives and anticipated results of future instruments are discussed. Several instruments in development will have a factor of ~ 10 sensitivity improvement to certain phenomena over contemporary instruments. A factor of ~ 100 improvement in sensitivity will allow the full potential of gamma-ray spectroscopy to be realized. Instrument concepts which would achieve this with both present and advanced techniques are discussed.  相似文献   
980.
The Stratospheric Sounding Unit (SSU) is part of the TOVS (TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder) on NOAA operational meteorological satellites. SSU measurements can be validated by comparison with temperature measurements from colocated rocket sondes. Systematic differences are found which vary with rocket station and sonde and are a function of height. However, these measurements are not adequate to define the performance of individual SSUs to a precision which would allow the observations from different SSUs to be combined in the study of diurnal and semidiurnal tides and of long term trends in stratospheric temperature. Instead this is achieved by detailed radiometric and spectroscopic investigation of each individual SSU, both prior to launch and during its operational life. Using the techniques descirbed, it is demonstrated that measurements from different SSUs can be combined with a relative error of less than 0.2K in equivalent brightness temperature.  相似文献   
设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号