基于多GPU的大型线性和非线性方程组的求解(英文)

在处理工程问题时,常常需要对线性或非线性方程组进行求解。对于实际应用中经常遇到的大型方程组进行求解则需要相当长的时间。使用图形处理器(GPU)代替传统的CPU,将多块GPU通过操作系统进行协调,并将PBi-CGstab方法和Inexact Newton方法进行适合多GPU并行的改造以此作为多GPU求解器的核心算法,加速求解大型线性和非线性方程组。本文的多GPU求解器在成倍扩展了单GPU求解器允许的计算规模的同时取得了令人满意的加速比。     

基于SPF/DB工艺的某翼类构件内部结构优化分析

采用SPF/DB工艺成形的翼类构件,内部结构不仅影响其力学性能,同时决定SPF/DB工艺的可行性。翼类构件在应用SPF/DB工艺成形过程中,内部夹层扩散焊接焊缝处形成筋条,从而增强结构强度,因此中间夹层扩散焊接筋条分布决定了成形后构件内部结构。本文利用有限元软件ABAQUS6.8对不同内部结构的某翼类构件进行静力学分析及超塑成形的数值模拟,得到既满足强度要求又有利于SPF/DB工艺要求的内部结构。     

硝酸酯增塑的热塑性聚氨酯弹性体推进剂

研究了在热塑性聚氨酯弹性体 (TPU )软段中引入聚乙二醇 (PEG) ,以改善与硝酸酯的混溶能力。通过控制 PEG的相对分子质量和含量 ,可使硝酸酯与 TPU的混溶比大于 4。采用溶剂法挤压成型工艺成功地制成了硝酸酯增塑的 TPU推进剂。此类推进剂的理论比冲为 2 598N· s/kg～ 2 648N· s/kg,燃烧性能优良 ,空白配方的压力指数为 0 .36,常、低温力学性能优异 ,可为硝酸酯增塑 ,加工温度较低。该推进剂是一个可以实现以挤压工艺生产的复合推进剂新品种 ,具有良好的应用前景。此外 ,对推进剂的热分解性能也进行了研究     

CZ-4A运载火箭姿态控制系统设计与飞行试验

本文介绍长征四号A(CZ-4A)运载火箭姿态控制系统,内容包括: a 姿态控制系统方案和组成; b 数字控制系统设计采用的数学方法; c 数字自动驾驶仪的设计; d 箭上计算机调零; e 姿态控制伺服系统; f 首发CZ-4A运载火箭控制系统飞行结果。在CZ-4A运载火箭姿态控制系统方案中,数字式自动驾驶仪,双向摇摆发动机伺服系统和计算机调零方案均是国内首次使用,由于这些新技术的采用,使CZ-4A控制系统具有高的精度,大的适应能力,是大型运载火箭姿态控制系统中较好的方案。     

Hypothesis-test-based landcover change detection using multi-temporal satellite images – A comparative study

Remote sensing images and technologies have been widely applied to environmental monitoring, in particular landuse/landcover classification and change detection. However, the uncertainties involved in such applications have not been fully addressed. In this paper two hypothesis-test-based change detection methods, namely the bivariate joint distribution method and the conditional distribution method, are proposed to tackle the uncertainties in change detection by making decisions based on the desired level of significance. Both methods require a data set of class-dependent no-change pixels to form the basis for class-dependent hypothesis test. Using an exemplar study area in central Taiwan, performance of the proposed methods are shown to be significantly superior to two other commonly applied methods (the post-classification comparison and the image differencing methods) in terms of the overall change detection accuracies. The conditional distribution method takes into consideration the correlation between digital numbers of the pre- and post-images and the effect of the known pre-image digital number on the range of the post-image digital number, and therefore yields the highest change detection accuracy. It is also demonstrated that the class-dependent change detection is crucial for accurate landuse/landcover change detection.     

Plasma and electromagnetic wave simulations of meteors

Every day billions of meteoroids impact and disintegrate in the Earth’s atmosphere. Current estimates for this global meteor flux vary from 2000 to 200,000 tons per year, and estimates for the average velocity range between 10 km/s and 70 km/s. The basic properties of this global meteor flux, such as the average mass, velocity, and chemical composition remain poorly constrained. We believe much of the mystery surrounding the basic parameters of the interplanetary meteor flux exists for the following reason, the unknown sampling characteristics of different radar meteor observation techniques, which are used to derive or constrain most models. We believe this arises due to poorly understood radio scattering characteristics of the meteor plasma, especially in light of recent work showing that plasma turbulence and instability greatly influences meteor trail properties at every stage of evolution. We present our results on meteor plasmas simulations of head echoes using particle in cell (PIC) ions, which show that electric fields strongly influence early stage meteor plasma evolution, by accelerating ions away from the meteoroid body. We also present the results of finite difference time domain electromagnetic simulations (FDTD), which can calculate the radar cross section of the simulated meteor plasmas. These simulations have shown that the radar cross section depends in a complex manner on a number of parameters. These include the angle between radar and meteor entry, a large dependence on radar frequency, which shows that for a given meteor plasma size and density, the reflectivity as a function of probing radar frequency varies, but typically peaks below 100 MHz.     

Queuing theory application in imaging service analysis for small Earth observation satellites

The performance of Earth observation satellites is usually analyzed by real data or system simulation, which is accurate but not systematic. Modelling satellite service systems with queueing theory and analysing the performance statistics systematically will provide a useful guide in designing satellite systems. Earth observation satellites could be regarded as a two tandem server system with a finite buffer in between, providing two-stage service: image capture and image download service. In this paper, we introduce the queueing models for different service systems: the pure image capture service system, the two-stage service system with Poisson distribution download service, the pure download service system, and the two-stage system with general download service. Formulated solutions are given and some results are shown. From this work we can see queueing theory provides a good way to analyse the performance of small earth observation satellites, which is useful for system mission analysis and optimisation in design stage.