Equatorial anomaly according to the Interkosmos-19 data and IRI model: A comparison

The comparison of the IRI model with the foF2 distribution in the equatorial anomaly region obtained by topside sounding onboard the Interkosmos-19 satellite has been carried out. The global distribution of foF2 in terms of LT-maps was constructed by averaging Intercosmos-19 data for summer, winter, and equinox. These maps, in fact, represent an empirical model of the equatorial anomaly for high solar activity F10.7 ~ 200. The comparison is carried out for the latitudinal foF2 profiles in the characteristic longitudinal sectors of 30, 90, 210, 270, and 330°, as well as for the longitudinal variations in foF2 over the equator. The largest difference between the models (up to 60%) for any season was found in the Pacific longitudinal sector of 210°, where there are a few ground-based sounding stations. Considerable discrepancies, however, are sometimes observed in the longitudinal sectors, where there are many ground-based stations, for example, in the European or Indian sector. The discrepancies reach their maximum at 00 LT, since a decay of the equatorial anomaly begins before midnight in the IRI model and after midnight according to the Interkosmos-19 data. The discrepancies are also large in the morning at 06 LT, since in the IRI model, the foF2 growth begins long before sunrise. In the longitudinal variations in foF2 over the equator at noon, according to the satellite data, four harmonics are distinguished in the June solstice and at the equinox, and three harmonics in the December solstice, while in the IRI model only two and one harmonics respectively are revealed. In diurnal variations in foF2 and, accordingly, in the equatorial anomaly intensity, the IRI model does not adequately reproduce even the main, evening extremum.     

Atmospheric reentry hemisphere prediction for prograde orbits using logical disjunction

A unique logic-based algorithm for atmospheric reentry hemisphere prediction is presented for spacecraft in low-eccentricity, prograde low Earth orbits at altitudes of 300 km and lower. Using two-line element (TLE) data for initial orbit conditions, coupled with coarse estimates for spacecraft aerodynamic characteristics, the algorithm relies on logical disjunction operations based on a dual analysis of histogram and two-weighted Gaussian probability density function (PDF) fits of predicted reentry latitude data. The algorithm requires the execution of a series of parametric simulations to determine the reentry hemisphere for variations in spacecraft aerodynamic coefficients and drag reference area. When implemented, the algorithm yields accurate hemisphere predictions on average 15 days from reentry as demonstrated by historical reentry cases from 1979 to 2018. All reentry cases were selected to demonstrate the algorithm’s ability to deliver accurate reentry hemisphere predictions for spacecraft with varying physical size and mass, and reentering during different periods of solar cycle activity.     

SOM人工神经网络在客机零部件故障诊断中的应用研究

现代客机在使用过程中不可避免地会发生各种故障，故障诊断对保证飞行安全十分重要，本文将基于概率的数学方法与专家经验相结合对其进行故障诊断。Kohonen的自组织特征映射（Self-organizing map,SOM）人工神经网络在输出上可反映出输入学习样本的概率密度分布，且无需知道样本的概率分布的先验知识，兼具函数逼近功能。本文将SOM引入这一领域，用于计算飞机零部件发生故障的概率，以及实现数学方法计算结果与专家经验的结合，实际应用说明了该方法的可行性。     

基于哈希链表和时间链表的HTTP代理缓存机制的实现

随着互联网的快速发展，越来越多的用户需要访问Internet资源，局域网人的众多用户如何能够通过一条Internet连接进行快速的网络浏览？这涉及到WEB代理服务器的核心部分--HTTP缓存系统。HTTP代理服务器的缓存系统将用户浏览的网页保存在代理服务器中，一旦有用户浏览相同的网页并且该网页还没有更新，则代理服务器直接将网页传递给用户，无需重新下载。因此，缓存明显加快了浏览速度。本文首先介绍了代理服务器的缓存原理，然后对缓存机制的具体功能进行了划分，最后给出基于哈希链表和时间链表的缓存系统的实现方法。     

组合式三相逆变器负载特性的分析与研究

分析了组合式三相逆变器，该逆变器三相分别独立控制，易实现功率器件的软开关、无输出变压器的三相四线制输出和模块化的结构；具体分析了影响该三相逆变器输出电压不平衡度的因素，讨论了其带对称与不对称负载的特性，着重分析了不对称负载对每个单相逆变器的影响，得到了组合式三相逆变器中单模块设计与普通单相逆变器的不同点，并给出了实验数据和相应波形。实验结果表明，组合式三相逆变器具有良好的带不平衡负载的能力和优良的电气性能。     

华东地区围护结构节能研究

根据南京市的典型年逐时气象参数，对于该市的某一座高层建筑物，应用自编的逐时动态负荷模拟程序，输入围护结构（窗户、墙体和屋顶）相关的物理参数及其与周围环境的关系（地点及朝向等），计算围护结构冬季采暖期散热量及夏季制冷得热量。结果表明，采用双层塑窗代替单层塑窗，使用节能墙体代替传统墙体能够使得冬季围护结构传散热量减少51％，夏季围护结构总得热量减少46％。因此，这一结果为华东地区建筑节能技术提供了理论依据。     

无穷观问题的研究(Ⅲ)——‘每一''与‘所有''

本组系列论文（I）－（Ⅴ）从数学和认识论的角度系统地研究了无穷观问题的历史发展和现状，确立了无穷观背景世界的三分法原则，指出了两种穷观相互排斥的局限性，形成了统一两种无穷于同一框架中的基本观点，并建立了一个统一实无限与潜无限于同一框架中的公理集合论系统APAS。     

疲劳S-N曲线预测的三维断裂力学方法

根据旋转弯典圆棒疲劳断口分析,给出了裂纹几何参量及应用强度因子随裂纹扩展的变化规律,采用考虑三维应力约束效应的断裂力学理论及常幅载荷下材料的疲劳裂纹扩展da/dN-ΔK曲线,得到了独立于试件几何形状和应力比的材料da/dN-ΔKeff基准数据,结合断口分析所得的应力强度因子以及材料da/dN-Δkeff数据,以三种旋转弯曲圆棒S－N（应力－疲劳寿命）曲线进行了预测,结果表明,本文预测的疲劳S－N曲线和试验的结果较为吻合,本文的S－N曲线断裂力学预测方法对确定结构全寿命具有实际指导意义,同时也揭示了发展疲劳断裂统一理论的可行性。     

金属载体上线天线阻抗与辐射特性的矩量法研究

用线网格模拟金属载体表面，应用矩量法求出天线及载体网格上的电流分布，据此研究在该金属载体影响下的天线特性，在计算阻抗矩阵元素时，利用了非对称正弦偶极子辐射场的精确表达式，并采用了直接复数积分，简化了计算公式，本文给出了几种金属载体上线天线的阻抗与辐射特性的计算结果，它们与有关文献上的数据或实验结果一致，最后计算了一种舰船简单模型上两根线天线的远区辐射场及它们的自阻抗与互阻抗。     

一种基于实体模型的三轴数控加工刀轨生成算法

实体模型是几何造型的高级模型，它具有完整的曲面拓扑关系，国内基本实体模型的数摈加工算法的需求日渐迫切，本文提出了一种适合实体模型的三轴数控加工刀位轨迹生成算法；首先根据加工行距作一组平行于刀轴的平面，与模型的待加工表面求交，得到一系列交线，再根据加工步长规划另一组与上述平面垂直且平行于刀轴的平面，与上述交线求交，得到一交点网格，判断刀具与数据点的位置关系从而得到刀位轨迹。