微波等离子体推力器流动模拟(英文)

采用N-S方程求解了100 W微波等离子体推力器(MPT)选用不同推进工质时的性能参数;并采用直接蒙特卡洛模拟方法(DsMC)对MPT羽流进行了数值模拟.结果表明,几种工质的推力变化不大,氮气为23.6 mN,氮气为24.8mN,氩气为24.8 nuN;但比冲区别较大,氮气为565.2 s,氮气为243.7 8,氢气为180.2 s.羽流场中,密度、压强及温度沿轴向和径向均逐渐减小;轴向速度在轴线附近变化不大,采用氩气工质时,约1 700 m/s,在远离轴线区域,沿流动方向逐渐增大,沿径向逐渐减小;径向速度沿轴向变化不大,沿径向逐渐增大,并在接近流动区域边界时迅速减小.     

超燃冲压发动机双凹腔燃烧室氢气燃烧流场分析

为了比较超燃冲压发动机中双凹腔燃烧室相对于单凹腔燃烧室在促进燃烧方面的优势,运用高速摄影仪拍摄了氢气当量比为0.07时燃烧室中的火焰情况,结合数值仿真结果,得出如下结论:小当量比情况下氢气燃烧很稳定,燃烧区域主要集中于前凹腔的剪切层和该凹腔所围成的三角区以及该凹腔下游壁面位置,燃料喷口周围没有火焰;无论是串联凹腔燃烧室还是并联凹腔燃烧室,相同条件下燃烧时壁面压力均比单凹腔燃烧室高,串联凹腔之间的回流区为燃烧提供了有利的条件;在一定范围内,串联凹腔之间的距离越近,燃烧放热越集中,壁面压力越高.      

镍基单晶合金高温蠕变筏化模型研究

在基于细观两相胞元结构的滑移本构模型基础上,引入高温蠕变筏化机制,并与三维胞元应力应变解析模型结合,来模拟DD3在1223K和SRR99在1123K和1253K下的蠕变筏化。文章首先给三维胞元应力应变解析模型引入细观胞元尺寸的变化,再通过对相关理论及试验观测的分析,提出以γ/γ′各界面位错密度的大小和基体各通道有效应力的状态为依据来判断 的筏化类型和方向,最后应用Avrami方程定量分析胞元中 的高温筏化过程,通过对细观胞元尺寸和应力应变状态的实时更新,再结合细观滑移本构模型得到材料的高温蠕变全过程。模拟结果表明,本模型提出的对筏化类型和方向的判断均与试验所得结论相吻合,且其筏化过程也基本符合试验观测的结果,筏化定量分析的加入使此考虑细观胞元结构的滑移本构模型可以较准确的模拟单晶材料的高温蠕变性能。     

电液负载模拟器摩擦参数辨识及补偿

针对摩擦干扰在电液负载模拟器控制中的影响,提出了将被试件简化为自由伸缩刚性杆的摩擦力作用模型。模型中采用能全面反应摩擦特性的LuGre模型描述摩擦力大小。LuGre的静力摩擦系数和动力摩擦系数依托两种特殊工作状态进行辨识,相应的辨识数据验证了所求系数的准确性。摩擦补偿具体实施时,利用结构不变性原理,求解出摩擦补偿控制器。在此基础上,对负载模拟器开展了位移伺服、力矩伺服、多余力等方面的摩擦力补偿实验。实验结果表明,所求解的LuGre模型及摩擦补偿控制器可以较好地消除摩擦力对负载模拟器控制的影响。     

Validation of a Compression Mass Gauge using ground tests for liquid propellant mass measurements

To properly estimate orbital lifetimes and predict the maneuverability of spacecraft, the remaining liquid propellant mass must be accurately known at every moment of a space mission. This paper studies the Compression Mass Gauge (CMG) method to determine the mass of liquid contained in a tank in a low-gravity environment with high accuracy. CMG is a thermodynamic method used to determine the quantity of liquid by measuring the gas pressure change when the tank volume changes, and has been previously theoretically and experimentally studied by researchers. The primary objective of this investigation is to explore the effects of attitude disturbance and the spacecraft thermal environment on the accuracy of the method. A ground test system, consisting of several test apparatuses, was fabricated and described as part of this study. The test results and analyses indicate that the CMG performs well and has an accuracy of ±1%. Additionally, demonstrations were performed to show that measurement errors do not increase drastically or exceed ±1% when the test system is vibrated to simulate the tank being perturbed as a result of an attitude disturbance. Liquid sloshing resonance was found to have a significant effect on the gauging accuracy. Measurements in a real thermal environment in which heat transfers into and out of the propellant tank were also conducted. The results show that the gauging accuracy is acceptable for normal liquid propellant. Furthermore, theoretical research shows that heat leakage has a significant influence on cryogenic propellant mass gauging.     

TTE网络流量转换策略及其延时性能保障调度算法研究

时间触发以太网（TTE）通过精确的全局时钟同步,使时间触发（TT）消息具有了严格的时间确定性。当系统同步精度降低时,TT消息的实时性也将严重受到影响。利用TTE交换机的流量类型转换功能,提出了一种基于消息时间窗检测的转换策略（TT-TWD）。该策略应用于TT流量向速率限制（RC）流量的转换过程,能够避免在系统同步精度降低时,TT消息出现丢包或不可接受延迟的情况。为保障该策略下网络流量的实时性,设计了一种基于流量转换策略的优先级调度算法（PTCTS）。运用网络演算理论对PTCTS算法的实时性进行了分析,并与先入先出（FIFO）算法结果对比,证明了PTCTS算法有效地减小了由TT流量转换而来的RC流量的延迟上界,同时保证了原始RC流量端到端延迟的确定性。     

用Langmuir探针诊断MPT羽流

为了探索微波等离子推力器(MPT)羽流的特性,建立了一套Langmuir探针诊断系统并对MPT的羽流进行了诊断,得出了MPT喷管羽流的电子温度和电子数密度等重要特性参数。实验结果表明,所测参数反映了等离子体的特性。与理论计算结果基本相符,并且诊断手段简单易行,为MPT羽流诊断提供了一种实验手段。     

Optimal Earth’s reentry disposal of the Galileo constellation

Nowadays there is international consensus that space activities must be managed to minimize debris generation and risk. The paper presents a method for the end-of-life (EoL) disposal of spacecraft in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO). The problem is formulated as a multiobjective optimisation one, which is solved with an evolutionary algorithm. An impulsive manoeuvre is optimised to reenter the spacecraft in Earth’s atmosphere within 100?years. Pareto optimal solutions are obtained using the manoeuvre $\mathrm{\Delta }v$ and the time-to-reentry as objective functions to be minimised. To explore at the best the search space a semi-analytical orbit propagator, which can propagate an orbit for 100?years in few seconds, is adopted. An in-depth analysis of the results is carried out to understand the conditions leading to a fast reentry with minimum propellant. For this aim a new way of representing the disposal solutions is introduced. With a single 2D plot we are able to fully describe the time evolution of all the relevant orbital parameters as well as identify the conditions that enables the eccentricity build-up. The EoL disposal of the Galileo constellation is used as test case.     

S波段大型功分馈电网络设计

为了满足某平面阵列天线高增益、低副瓣的要求,设计了工作在S波段、相对带宽为10％的1—48的大型功分馈电网络。该馈电网络采用带状线功分器与微带线功分器级联而成。利用HFSS、Ansoft Designer等电磁软件对其进行仿真设计。实测结果表明在所要求的频段内,网络的输入驻波小于1．50,相位误差小于10°。     

带周向单槽的低速轴流压气机失速起始过程

为了深入认识周向槽轴向位置对压气机失速机制的影响规律,针对某叶尖敏感的低速单转子压气机开展实验测量与数值模拟相结合的研究。实验与计算结果均表明,位于叶片弦长中部的周向单槽扩稳效果最好,而位于叶片前缘下游20%~30%轴向弦长位置的周向单槽扩稳效果最差。进一步分析了利用非定常、多通道计算模型获得的数值结果,发现对于光壁机匣和扩稳效果最好的周向单槽机匣,泄漏流与主流交界面在近失速工况下到达叶片前缘位置,压气机通过突尖型失速先兆进入失速状态;对于扩稳效果最差的周向单槽机匣,泄漏流与主流交界面在近失速工况下仍位于叶片通道内部距离叶片前缘20%的轴向弦长位置,压气机经历了由准模态型失速先兆向突尖型失速先兆转换的失速起始过程。