解析壁面函数的可压缩效应修正研究

基于适用于不可压缩流动的解析壁面函数,针对可压缩湍流边界层特征,考虑壁面网格内对流项变化和能量方程中黏性耗散项的影响,提出一种适用于可压缩流动的解析壁面函数。基于二维超声速和高超声速激波湍流边界层干扰流动,完成了粗网格高雷诺数k-ε模型加标准壁面函数、原始解析壁面函数、可压缩修正解析壁面函数和密网格低雷诺数Lauder-Sharma k-ε模型的对比计算。结果表明:四种湍流效应模拟策略都可以准确预测壁面压力和摩擦系数,而本文发展的考虑对流项分布和黏性耗散项影响的解析壁面函数不仅消除了原始解析壁面函数的非物理振荡,而且大幅提升了壁面函数壁面热流的预测精度,与密网格解最大差异不超过40%,预测结果接近于密网格低雷诺数模型结果,而标准壁面函数和原始解析壁面函数预测的壁面热流符号相反,且数值最大差异达500%。对于Ma5斜激波边界层干扰算例,本文构造的壁面函数计算时间仅为低雷诺数模型的5%左右,相较于其它壁面模型,计算时间仅增加了1%。     

Selection of candidate salad vegetables for controlled ecological life support system

Higher plants, as one of the essential biological components of CELSS, can supply food, oxygen and water for human crews during future long-duration space missions and Lunar/Mars habitats. In order to select suitable leaf vegetable varieties for our CELSS Experimental Facility (CEF), five varieties of lettuce (“Nenlvnaiyou”, “Dasusheng”, “Naichoutai”, “Dongfangkaixuan” and “Siji”), two of spinach (“Daye” and “Quanneng”), one of rape (“Jingyou No. 1”) and one of common sowthistle were grown and compared on the basis of edible biomass, and nutrient content. In addition, two series of experiments were conducted to study single leaf photosynthetic rates and transpiration rates at 30 days after planting, one which used various concentrations of CO₂ (500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 μmol mol⁻¹) and another which used various light intensities (100, 300, 500 and 700 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹). Results showed that lettuce cvs. “Nenlvnaiyou”, “Siji” and “Dasusheng” produced higher yields of edible biomass; common sowthisle would be a good source of β-carotene for the diet. Based on the collective findings, we selected three varieties of lettuce (“Nenlvnaiyou”, “Dasusheng” and “Siji”) and one of common sowthistle as the candidate crops for further research in our CEF. In addition, elevated CO₂ concentration increased the rates of photosynthesis and transpiration, and elevated light intensity increased the rate of photosynthesis for these varieties. These results can be useful for determining optimal conditions for controlling CO₂ and water fluxes between the crops and the overall CELSS.     

Coronal mass ejections acceleration problem

A statistical study of acceleration and its error of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed by the Large Angle Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) is performed. A total of 5594 CMEs events have been analyzed by using a least-square method and using the error in the height measures. We verify that slower CMEs (velocities in the interval from 200 to 500 km s⁻¹) tend to have a positive acceleration (about 1 m s⁻²) at heights above 5 solar radii, while less than 10% CMEs show an average negative acceleration (about −2.2 m s⁻²) as they propagate from 5 to 30 solar radii. For most individual CMEs one can not say if they are accelerated or decelerated, only for 8% of all observed CMEs events one can extract the sign of the acceleration in the 5–30 solar radii.     

固体火箭发动机多层结构壳体的导波频散特性分析

应用全局矩阵法,推导了多层结构壳体的导波频散方程,并分别针对固体火箭发动机四种不同层数的壳体导波频散曲线进行了求解,发现当结构层数和第一层厚度增加时,各模式曲线的间隔缩小．曲线数目增加,并有向零频方向靠拢的趋势。同时研究了粘接质量变化对频散特征的影响,随着胶层质量相对变差,频散曲线总体向左漂移。     

星间相对测量自主导航的改进容积卡尔曼滤波

针对仅利用星间相对位置测量的双星自主导航系统，提出一种基于可观度的改进容积卡尔曼滤波算法。该算法从系统可观度的物理意义出发，通过对预测协方差阵进行在线调整改善标准容积卡尔曼滤波算法对系统可观度敏感和不满足滤波拟一致性等问题。对具体算例进行数值仿真，校验了该改进容积卡尔曼滤波算法在基于星间相对位置测量的双星自主导航系统中的有效性，与标准容积卡尔曼滤波相比趋稳更快，精度更高。     

Development of a CELSS Experimental Facility

A CELSS Experimental Facility was developed two years ago. It contains a volume of about 40.0 m³ and a cultivating area of about 8.4 m²; its interior atmospheric parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, oxygen concentration, carbon dioxide concentration, total pressure, lighting intensity, photoperiod, water content in the growing-matrix, CO₂-added accumulative amount, O₂-released accumulative amount and ethylene concentration are all controlled and logged automatically and effectively; its growing system consists of two rows of racks along its left-and-right sides separately, each side holds two upper-and-lower layers, and the vertical distance of each growing bed can be adjusted automatically and independently; lighting sources consist of both red (95%) and blue (5%) light-emitting diodes (LED), and the average lighting intensity of each lamp bank at 20-cm distance position under it, reaches to 255.0 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹. After that, demonstrating tests were carried out and were finally followed by growing lettuce in the facility. The results showed that all subsystems operated well and all parameters were controlled automatically and efficiently. The lettuce plants in the system could grow much well. Successful development of this system laid a necessary foundation for future larger-scale studies on CELSS integration technique.     

基于SVM的航空发动机油样光谱诊断界限值制定

运用支持向量机(SVM)估计航空发动机油样光谱数据的概率密度函数,根据光谱数据的概率分布求出航空发动机光谱诊断各金属元素的质量分数、质量分数梯度及质量分数比例的正常、警告、以及异常界限值.利用实际的航空发动机光谱数据进行了研究,并与传统的基于正态分布假设下所确定的界限值进行了比较分析.结果表明,实际的航空发动机光谱数据...     

钢筋混凝土梁抗弯刚度公式修正及研究

使用过程中梁的刚度会发生退化,从而影响其使用性能.根据钢筋混凝土的基本性能,分析了各种损伤对刚度退化的影响因素,认为裂缝对刚度的影响最为直接也最为明显.进而从数学角度、物理意义角度对现行规范刚度公式进行分析,并提取出裂缝对刚度退化的影响参数--受拉钢筋应变不均匀系数φ.选择裂缝平均间距和裂缝开展高度作为裂缝统计参数,通过ANSYS有限元软件模拟和分析,建立了关于裂缝统计参数的抗弯刚度修正公式.     

一种航空发动机滚动轴承磨损故障监测技术

针对航空发动机滚动轴承磨损状态监测对长轴尺寸大于10μm的故障敏感磨粒检测的需要,研制了多功能油液磨粒智能检测与诊断系统,克服了传统光谱分析对大磨粒不敏感的缺点,以及传统铁谱分析检测步骤烦琐的不足,可直接对流动的油液中大于10μm的运动磨粒进行检测.提出了油液运动磨粒的7个数字特征参数及其识别策略,实现了磨粒的自动识别,识别率基本上达到99%以上.利用实际的航空发动机油样进行了试验验证,并与传统光谱分析进行了对比,试验结果表明该系统较光谱分析具有更强的检测力和更优的时效性.      

一种火星大气密度三维解析模型

根据火星大气数据库,建立了以高度和经纬度为输入的火星三维解析大气密度模型;在竖直方向上,采用分层指数模型;在水平方向上,将指数模型中的参考密度和参考高度视为经纬度的多项式函数,并通过最小二乘曲面拟合得到了多项式系数。相比传统的指数模型,三维指数模型不仅反映了火星大气密度随高度的变化规律,而且能够体现出大气密度在水平方向上的变化。与大气数据库相比,三维密度模型具有解析形式,计算速度快,仿真过程中只需存储简单的多项式系数即可实现密度的实时计算和调用,适用于地面实时仿真。