四旋翼无人飞行器导航控制系统研究

四旋翼无人飞行器可垂直起降、悬停,适合某些特定场合应用,但其自动控制较为复杂。使用FPGA实现有限状态机,自动读取惯性器件的数据;应用高性能ARM处理器融合GPS位置、气压计高度、磁场强信息,进行姿态解算;并以PID控制方法对横滚、俯仰与旋偏角进行控制,最终实现了四旋翼无人飞行器的自动定点悬停、定高等功能。     

涡轮叶片多重精度MDO方法

考虑到多学科优化设计(multidisciplinary design optimization,MDO)的效率和精度,充分发挥当前涡轮叶片各种精度分析方法的优势,提出了涡轮叶片的多重精度多学科优化设计策略.利用协同优化策略在学科解耦和协调方面的能力,引入包括流固紧密耦合分析、流固热松散耦合分析和近似方程在内的涡轮叶片设计中的多种精度模型,结合两点式标度函数和优化过程阶段性收敛后更新,改进可变复杂度建模方法处理多重精度模型的能力,研究结果表明:仅调用9次高精度流固耦合分析就能确保涡轮带冠叶片多学科优化设计的效率和精度.      

基模高斯激光束高倍率扩束实验研究

基于激光光学设计了一个适合实验室环境的高倍率激光扩束系统,并进行了相应的实验研究。实验结果表明束腰半径为0.295mm的激光束,最大被扩束至束腰半径约12.04mm。     

零动量卫星轮控系统可重构性设计研究

针对卫星姿态控制系统设计中常见的动量轮配置问题,总结了星上常用的5种轮控系统构型,首先对各种构型从角动量包络、干扰力矩下动量轮的饱和情况、系统功耗和可靠性等方面进行了可重构性分析和比较,在此基础上提炼了动量轮可重构性设计准则,可为轮控系统的设计提供参考依据。     

载人航天器大气环境控制系统性能集成分析

考虑到载人航天器大气环境控制系统设计参数和控制参数众多,文章建立了一种载人航天器大气环境控制系统性能集成仿真分析模型,包括舱体模块、航天员模块、舱压控制模块、温湿度控制模块和二氧化碳净化模块。利用该模型对载人航天器常规工作模式下大气环境控制系统性能进行了计算分析,得到了在不同热负荷水平下载人航天器密封舱空气各个参数随在轨时间的变化趋势,结果表明:氧分压控制、二氧化碳净化和人区温湿度控制之间存在着密切的相互影响关系,不可孤立地进行分析。此外,文章还分析确定了非常规工作模式下热负荷水平允许上限,为载人航天器工作模式的确定提供了依据。研究结果有助于载人航天器大气环境控制系统的设计和流程改进。     

Dynamical evolution of high area-to-mass ratio objects in Molniya orbits

For special demands, some notable orbit types have been developed by human, including the Molniya orbits, which have a relatively high eccentricity up to about 0.7, and a period of 12 h. Considering that space debris with high area-to-mass ratio (A/M) has been discovered, such objects may also exist in Molniya orbits due to spacecraft and upper stages fragmentation events. However, there are not sufficient studies of the complex dynamical phenomena of such orbits. These studies can enrich the knowledge about the long-term evolution of these orbits, be helpful to propose uncatalogued objects observation and identification, and also set the protected region as well as active debris removal. In this paper, the characteristics of 2:1 resonance of Molniya satellite orbits are studied. A large set of numerical simulations, including all the relevant perturbations, is carried out to further investigate the main characteristics, and special attention is payed to the dynamical evolution of objects with high A/M, particularly affected by the direct solar radiation pressure. The long-term dynamical evolution of orbital elements, as well as the dependency of lifetime on the A/M value, is discussed.     

月面巡视探测器外场试验方法

首先对以Apollo月球车、MER火星车为代表的国外巡视探测器的研制试验进行调研,对它们的外场试验目的、试验工况的设置、外场选址的技术考虑进行了分析总结,认为外场试验对巡视探测器工作过程、遥操作过程的综合验证具有重要的意义,在实现对巡视探测器移动、导航能力考核的同时,还可以验证地面系统,训练操作人员;然后结合月面巡视探测器的任务特点,对其外场试验的目的和内容、外场选址要求、试验工况等进行研究;最后介绍了外场试验方法及任务规划试验、过夜停靠点试验、短距离移动探测试验、任务过程综合演练等4类试验的结果。     

基于可靠性的太阳能飞机多学科设计优化

针对太阳能飞机典型任务要求,建立了以总重最小为目标的多学科设计优化模型,考虑飞行性能、能量、重量3个学科的设计变量和相应约束条件。同时考虑设计变量的不确定性影响,将序列优化及可靠性评估方法引入到并行子空间优化过程中,顺序执行可靠性分析和多学科设计优化以提高执行效率。在优化过程中应用响应面近似并不断提高模型精度,降低了计算成本。利用iSIGHT软件搭建求解平台,以欧洲太阳能飞机"HeliPlat"作为算例,验证了分析模型的合理性和优化方法的有效性。基于可靠性的多学科设计优化框架有望用于更贴合工程实际的太阳能飞机设计。     

中尺度预报模式不同方案实验研究

以大雾天气为例,利用WRF中尺度数值预报模式对各物理参数进行调整,从而验证各物理方案对大雾形成和发展的作用,并将其与控制性实验进行比较。对水汽通量散度、雾区范围分析,结果表明：这三个敏感性实验都不能很好地反映实况,因此原控制性实验更适合做定量定性研究。     

Novel intelligent water drops optimization approach to single UCAV smooth trajectory planning

Trajectory planning of unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV) is a rather complicated global optimum problem in UCAV mission planning. Intelligent water drops (IWD) algorithm is newly presented under the inspiration of the dynamic of river systems and the actions that water drops do in the rivers, and it is easy to combine with other methods in optimization. In this paper, we propose an improved IWD optimization algorithm for solving the single UCAV smooth trajectory planning problems in various combating environments. The water drops can act as an agent in searching the optimal UCAV trajectory. The detailed realization procedure for this novel approach is also presented. In order to make the optimized UCAV trajectory more feasible for exact flying, an efficient path smoothing method called the κ-trajectory is adopted for smoothing the single UCAV trajectory. Series experimental comparison results show the proposed IWD optimization algorithm is more effective and feasible in the single UCAV smooth trajectory planning than the basic IWD model.