混凝土自收缩的测定与模型分析

为了研究水胶比和粉煤灰掺量对混凝土自收缩的影响,建立了混凝土自收缩自动测量系统,并测定了水胶比分别为0.25,0.30,0.40和0.53的硅酸盐水泥混凝土及粉煤灰掺量为10%,20%,30%,40%,60%的粉煤灰混凝土的自收缩发展。以硅酸盐水泥水化动力学为基础建立了相应的数值模型,结果表明,硅酸盐水泥混凝土随着水灰比的降低,混凝土的自收缩发展越迅速,最终收缩值越大,掺加粉煤灰后,可以明显降低混凝土的自收缩值和自收缩的发展速率。     

Gyrosynchrotron Radiation of Interplanetary CMEs

CMEs (Coronal Mass Ejections) are an important means of energy release in the solar corona. Solar Polar Orbit Radio Telescope (SPORT) is a mission being proposed for observing the propagation of interplanetary CMEs from solar polar orbit. The main payload onboard SPORT is a synthetic aperture interferometric radiometer, which receives radio emission of interplanetary CMEs. It is identified that there are mainly three radio emission mechanisms of CMEs, i.e., bremsstrahlung, gyrosynchrotron emission and plasma emission. Among these emission types, bremsstrahlung emission is the main emission mechanism of the high-density plasma clouds of interplanetary CMEs. Gyrosynchrotron emission is the continuous emission generated by high-energy electrons from CMEs, while plasma emission is the main mechanism of transient radio bursts from CMEs. In this paper, the gyrosynchrotron emission of interplanetary CMEs is focused on. Firstly, the mechanism of gyrosynchrotron emission is reviewed. Secondly, a review of the physical parameter models of background solar wind and interplanetary CMEs is presented. After these, the brightness temperature and polarization of gyrosynchrotron emission of interplanetary CMEs are calculated and analyzed. Finally, the detectability of gyrosynchrotron emission of interplanetary CMEs by radio meters is discussed briefly.     

太阳宁静及耀斑期间1AU附近等离子体轫致辐射研究

在太空等离子体中,尤其在等离子体内部磁场较弱时,轫致辐射是等离子体能量损失的主要机制.本文对太阳宁静及耀斑期间1 AU处等离子体轫致辐射计算表明,等离子体辐射强度I_f的变化与辐射的电磁波频率有直接的关系.当辐射频率f接近于等离子体频率f_pe时,辐射强度显著增大.随着电磁波辐射频率的增大,辐射强度随频率增大作缓慢对数下降.辐射亮温T_b与等离子体电子温度T_e介质光深成正比. T_b与I_f随辐射频率变化的整体趋势一致.在相同的辐射频率情况下,太阳宁静期间I_f值、T_b值低于太阳耀斑期间I_f值、T_b值.     

稻城太阳射电望远镜(DSRT)天线遮挡效应仿真

稻城太阳射电望远镜（DSRT）由313面6 m直径抛物面天线组成。天线接收信号幅值和相位的精确修正是决定DSRT成像质量的关键因素。然而DSRT阵列可能会出现邻近天线相互遮挡的问题,从而改变接收信号的幅值和相位,影响其成像质量。利用电磁仿真软件计算了接收频率为300 MHz（波长λ=1 m）时的相邻两单元与相邻三单元两种情况。三元系统中遮挡效应的影响仅比双元系统中相关影响略为显著。在本文考虑的最严重的遮挡情况（天线边缘的投影间距D = –1λ）下,对于双/三元系统,相对于单天线系统水平和垂直增益分别降低了0.6/0.6 dB和 0.3/0.4 dB,相位偏差分别为–3.3º/–3.871º和–1.744º/–2.244º。此外还分析了其他遮挡情况。研究表明DSRT系统中的天线遮挡效应分析可由双元系统充分描述,在后期数据处理时应适当考虑该效应,尽量提升DSRT数据的利用效率和成图质量。     

考虑禁飞区规避的空天飞行器分段预测校正再入制导方法

针对空天飞行器再入制导问题,提出一种考虑禁飞区规避的分段预测校正制导方法。在再入段前期采用剩余航程作为目标函数,后期引入预测落点偏差作为目标函数进行制导指令求解,同时确定倾侧角幅值和符号,兼顾了计算效率与终端制导精度。在此基础上,对于再入过程中的禁飞区规避问题,把禁飞区分为两类,增加了通过倾侧角幅值修正策略实现侧向规避制导的逻辑,可适用于无法单独通过倾侧角反转规避禁飞区的情况。最后,通过开展考虑再入初始状态和气动品质不确定性的蒙特卡罗仿真,验证了提出的分段预测校正制导方法可以有效引导空天飞行器规避禁飞区,与单段目标函数预测校正方法相比,具有更高的制导精度。     

Orbit Design for Twin-spacecraft Space VLBI

Space Very Long Baseline Interferometry (S-VLBI) is an aperture synthesis technique utilizing an array of radio telescopes including ground telescopes and space orbiting telescopes. It can achieve much higher spatial resolution than that from the ground-only VLBI. In this paper, a new concept of twin spacecraft S-VLBI has been proposed, which utilizes the space-space baselines formed by two satellites to obtain larger and uniform uv coverage without atmospheric influence and hence achieve high quality images with higher angular resolution. The orbit selections of the two satellites are investigated. The imaging performance and actual launch conditions are all taken into account in orbit designing of the twin spacecraft S-VLBI. Three schemes of orbit design using traditional elliptical orbits and circular orbits are presented. These design results can be used for different scientific goals. Furthermore, these designing ideas can provide useful references for the future Chinese millimeter-wave S-VLBI mission.     

超声速气流中横向射流雾化实验和数值模拟

为了对超声速气流中的横向射流雾化过程进行研究,在直连式实验台上进行了超声速气流中的横向射流雾化实验,并对实验工况进行了数值模拟.超声速来流的马赫数为2,实验喷雾的动压比范围为1.～11.7,实验工质为水.采用纹影法对射流雾化过程进行了拍摄,得到了有雾化的超声速流场结构和穿透深度拟合公式.同时采用欧拉-拉格朗日两相流计算方法对实验工况进行了数值模拟,雾化模型采用了一种新型K-H(Kelvin-Helmholtz)和R-T(Rayleigh-Taylor)混合模型,数值模拟与实验结果符合较好.      

火箭整流罩外气动噪声环境的大涡模拟研究

基于五阶加权本质无振荡（WENO）格式构造隐式大涡模拟方法（ILES）,对跨声速来流条件下（Ma=0.8）火箭整流罩外噪声环境进行数值模拟。通过与风洞试验结果及国外文献进行对比,ILES方法能够在较粗网格下准确预测壁面湍流脉动特性。跨声速流动在壁面折角处出现分离、再附、激波/边界层干扰现象,均方根脉动压力系数出现峰值,同时该区域噪声能量在全频段都较高,易引起结构抖振效应。最后,根据ILES模拟结果,指出工程常用的外噪声经验公式的不足,并提出改进措施。     

IEEE 1394协议虚拟复合MAC工业现场总线研究

为解决一个总线回路中不同类型设备通信的性能和效率问题,提出一种采用IEEE 1394总线协议和虚拟复合MAC(Media Access Control)的工业现场总线协议.在IEEE 1394基本协议层的基础上设计虚拟MAC子层,通过附加总线配置实现节点功能的区分,利用等时数据传输和异步数据传输实现时分多址、仲裁、轮询、令牌等MAC方式的数据通信.      

无人机集群路径规划算法研究综述

无人机集群路径规划算法是无人机集群控制的重要研究方向之一.多无人机路径规划相较于单无人机路径规划,会考虑空间协同和时间协同约束、飞行安全等问题.首先对无人机集群路径规划算法进行分类,分为传统路径规划算法、智能优化算法和深度强化学习算法.其次对各类算法进行简要分析和总结,针对缺陷,给出相应的改进思路及例子.再着重对深度强...