The radiation environment in the ISS-USLab measured by ALTEA: Spectra and relative nuclear abundances in the polar,equatorial and SAA regions

We present here the energy spectra relative to different geomagnetic regions as measured by the ALTEA (Anomalous Long Term Effects on Astronauts) detector in the International Space Station – USLab from August 2006 to July 2007.     

An overview of Allied-Signal's avionics development in the CIS

AlliedSignal Commercial Avionics Systems (ASCAS) and its partners have established the following business objectives: short term (forward-fit and retrofit with off-the-shelf products; co-development of integrated systems); mid term (co-production of avionics products in the CIS); long term (become an integrated element of CIS aerospace industry in partnership with local firms and to maintain the necessary focus to achieve these goals). ASCAS has formed a strategic business enterprise which is dedicated to developing the avionics market within the CIS. ASCAS was fortunate to find a joint venture partner who possesses skills that complement its present core competencies. The advantage of this business arrangement is that, while expanding their experience and expertise in the area of systems integration, they can directly benefit from the expertise and capabilities of indigenous airframe and equipment manufacturers (customer knowledge, simulation and integration experience, capable/skilled manpower)     

Incoherent Scatter Plasma Lines: Observations and Applications

Space plasmas are host to the electrostatic Langmuir waves and a rich range of processes associated with them. Many of such processes that are of interest in micro-scale plasma physics and magnetosphere-ionosphere physics are open to investigation via incoherent scatter plasma lines—i.e., a pair of resonant peaks in the incoherent scatter radar (ISR) spectrum, symmetrically displaced from the radar transmitting frequency by about the plasma frequency, as the signature of Langmuir waves in the ISR spectrum. There now exists a large body of literature devoted to the investigation of a number of topics in ionospheric physics via plasma line theory and observation. It is the goal of this work to provide a comprehensive review of this literature, from the early theoretical works on oscillations in magnetized plasma to the recent advances in plasma line measurements and applications. This review includes detailed theoretical discussions on the intensity and frequency displacement of plasma lines. It reviews the experimental observations of plasma lines enhanced by various sources of energy and discusses the implications of the observations in the context of ionospheric physics. The review also covers the practical aspects of plasma line measurements, from measurement techniques to the applications of plasma lines in estimating the bulk parameters of the ionosphere.     

注装梯恩梯(TNT)装药冲击Hugoniot参数的实验测定

本文利用一级轻气炮实验技术，对注装梯恩梯药进行了高应变率下的动态冲击实验，对实验方法进行了改进，设计了一种新型的轻气炮延伸炮管。根据实验数据结果，得到了注装ＴＮＴ装药的冲击Ｈｕｇｏｎｉｏｔ参数。     

Real-time zenith tropospheric delays in support of numerical weather prediction applications

The Geodetic Observatory Pecný (GOP) routinely estimates near real-time zenith total delays (ZTD) from GPS permanent stations for assimilation in numerical weather prediction (NWP) models more than 12 years. Besides European regional, global and GPS and GLONASS solutions, we have recently developed real-time estimates aimed at supporting NWP nowcasting or severe weather event monitoring. While all previous solutions are based on data batch processing in a network mode, the real-time solution exploits real-time global orbits and clocks from the International GNSS Service (IGS) and Precise Point Positioning (PPP) processing strategy. New application G-Nut/Tefnut has been developed and real-time ZTDs have been continuously processed in the nine-month demonstration campaign (February–October, 2013) for selected 36 European and global stations. Resulting ZTDs can be characterized by mean standard deviations of 6–10 mm, but still remaining large biases up to 20 mm due to missing precise models in the software. These results fulfilled threshold requirements for the operational NWP nowcasting (i.e. 30 mm in ZTD). Since remaining ZTD biases can be effectively eliminated using the bias-reduction procedure prior to the assimilation, results are approaching the target requirements in terms of relative accuracy (i.e. 6 mm in ZTD). Real-time strategy and software are under the development and we foresee further improvements in reducing biases and in optimizing the accuracy within required timeliness. The real-time products from the International GNSS Service were found accurate and stable for supporting PPP-based tropospheric estimates for the NWP nowcasting.     

Sailing at the brink – The no-limits of near-/now-term-technology solar sails and SEP spacecraft in (multiple) NEO rendezvous

Near-Earth object (NEO) in-situ exploration can provide invaluable information for science, possible future deflection actions and resource utilisation. This is only possible with space missions which approach the asteroid from its vicinity, i.e. rendezvous. This paper explores the use of solar sailing as means of propulsion for NEO rendezvous missions. Given the current state of sail technology, we search for multiple rendezvous missions of up to ten years and characteristic acceleration of up to 0.10 mm/s². Using a tree-search technique and subsequent trajectory optimisation, we find numerous options of up to three NEO encounters in the launch window 2019–2027. In addition, we explore steerable and throttleable low-thrust (e.g. solar-electric) rendezvous to a particular group of NEOs, the Taurid swarm. We show that an acceleration of 0.23 mm/s² would suffice for a rendezvous in approximately 2000 days, while shorter transfers are available as the acceleration increases. Finally, we show low-thrust options (0.3 mm/s²) to the fictitious asteroid 2019 PDC, as part of an asteroid deflection exercise.     

世界上最壮丽的景色——意大利恺撒奥古斯都酒店

概况海拔1000英尺以上的悬崖上,意大利奥古斯都恺撒酒店提供卡普里岛的最壮观的景色之一。从酒店的客房内,你可以眺望到令人惊叹的美景。那不勒斯湾附近,维苏威火山,索伦托海岸,伊斯基亚和卡普里岛包括由Axel Munthe,我们的别墅是令人惊叹的风景庆祝。     

天堂也不过如此 让人心旷神怡的斐济

斐济位于西南太平洋中心,是南太平洋地区的交通枢纽,号称南太平洋的"十字路口"。地跨东、西半球,180度经线贯穿其中,因而成为世界上既是最东又是最西的国家。斐济由332个岛屿组成,多为珊瑚礁环绕的火山岛,其中106个岛有人居住。在斐济,很容易让人发出"天堂不过如此"的感叹。清凉的海风吹拂着高耸入云椰林,岛上热带树木浓绿成荫,海滩边洁白的沙滩,海里奇形怪状的珊瑚礁,色彩斑斓的鱼儿将海水搅得五彩缤纷,到处充满热带海洋的原始美感。     

植物能量 助力抗氧化

自由基人若要活着,除了要有食物供给充足的营养外,更需要靠不断地呼吸来获得氧气,氧气更是身体进行各种氧化反应所必需的,然而当人体正在利用氧气进行某些代谢反应时,不可避免地会产生一些不稳定物质,而这些不稳定的物质都是氧气的"变身",它们的个性非常活泼,不喜欢安安稳稳地呆在原地,甚至喜欢去攻击别人,由于它们这种不喜欢受拘束的个性,我们称之为自由基。