The Space Environment Monitors of Shenzhou Manned Spacecrafts

For the purpose of ensuring normal operations of Shenzhou (SZ) series of manned spacecrafts and cosmonauts' safety, Space Environment Monitors (SEM)are mounted on board SZ-2, 3, 4, 5. SEMs aim to detect the high energy particles, the low energy particles, charging potential, atmospheric desity and composition. Detection of SEMs enable us to understand better the space environment in the manned spacecraft's orbit, and to provide a good space environment services for the spacecraft and cosmonauts. In addition, by using the data from SEMs, we have achieved some scientific accomplishments, such as the energy spectra of precipitating electrons, the abnormal variety of atmospheric density and composition during geomagnetic disturbances, the electron angle distribution in the low orbit and so on.     

尾流激振情况下叶片强迫响应瞬态分析方法

对叶片强迫响应问题,提出应用瞬态分析的方法,针对转子叶片在前排静子叶片尾流激振情况下的位移和应力进行预估.流场进行全场三维非定常求解,将三维非定常气动力引入转子叶片有限元结构计算中,对尾流激振情况下叶片强迫响应问题进行瞬态分析,比较了不同转速下叶片的强迫响应,得到响应位移及应力变化的分析结果.采用叶片强迫响应瞬态分析方法,从流场的求解到结构响应的求解均应用成熟的通用软件,为工程应用该方法进行尾流激振情况下叶片振动应力预估及阻尼的研究提供了一个可行的方法.      

Li含量对Mg-6Y-3Zn-xLi合金微观组织和力学性能的影响

采用氩气保护真空熔炼的方法制备了铸态Mg-6Y-3Zn-xLi（x=0,5,8,11,wt%）合金,并对其进行了均匀化处理和热挤压变形。通过OM、SEM以及拉伸试验等手段研究了Li含量对合金微观组织与力学性能的影响。结果表明：随着Li含量的增加,铸态Mg-6Y-3Zn-xLi合金基体由α单相结构逐渐转变为（α+β）双相结构,晶粒尺寸和共晶化合物的形貌及分布规律也发生明显变化。均匀化处理后Mg-6Y-3Zn-xLi合金中形成的块状长周期有序（LPSO）结构相,随Li含量的增加其体积分数逐渐降低,（Mg,Zn）₂₄Y₅相数量则逐渐增多。Mg-6Y-3Zn-8Li合金进过均匀化处理和热挤压变形后表现出最优的综合力学性能,抗拉强度和延伸率分别达到278 MPa和11.6%,这主要是由于均匀分布的被破碎细化的块状LPSO相和大量细小动态再结晶的共同强化作用。     

高低频复合振动钻削CFRP/钛合金叠层结构试验

针对碳纤维增强复合材料（CFRP）和钛合金叠层结构在传统钻削过程中切削温度高、加工质量差等问题,基于低频振动钻削和高频（超声）振动钻削的优势,提出了高低频复合振动钻削的加工方法。采用自主研制的高低频复合振动钻削装置,对CFRP/钛合金叠层结构进行了制孔试验,对比研究了普通钻削、超声钻削、低频振动钻削和高低频复合振动钻削4种方式下的切削力、钛合金切屑形貌、切削温度和CFRP孔加工质量。结果表明：4种加工方式中,高低频复合振动钻削的轴向力波动相对较大,切削温度显著降低,产生的钛合金切屑呈不连续扇形且整体尺寸最小,CFRP孔出入口及孔壁的损伤程度最低,显著提高了加工质量,为复合材料叠层结构一体化制孔加工提供了指导意义。     

基于改进Event模型的航路飞行过程垂直碰撞风险研究

随着民航空域运行的日益繁忙,如何从量化分析的角度构建有效合理的数学模型对航路飞行碰撞风险进行量化评估,提高航路规划与管理的科学性是业界面临的重要问题。提出基于改进Event 模型的航路飞行过程垂直碰撞风险评估方法,用符合航空器在空间上速度矢量分布的几何体即两个拼接的椭圆锥体碰撞盒代替原Event 模型中的长方体碰撞盒计...     

浆料浸渍工艺制备高性能Al2O3/Al2O3陶瓷基复合材料

为了利于大型构件的制备,采用浆料浸渍工艺,以Nextel 720连续氧化铝纤维增韧,通过一次烧结过程制备了Al₂O₃/Al₂O₃陶瓷基复合材料。测试了复合材料的物理及力学性能,并采用光学显微镜、SEM对试样的微观形貌进行了表征。结果表明：复合材料的体积密度为2.64 g/cm³,显气孔率为26%,材料基体呈现典型的多孔结构特征;室温及1 200 ℃,复合材料厚度方向的热导率分别为3.49及2.04 W/（m·K）;200～1 200 ℃,复合材料面内方向的热膨胀系数为（4.7～7.1）×10^-6/K;复合材料室温、1 100及1 200 ℃拉伸强度分别为202.4、222.4及228.4 MPa,试样断面纤维拔出明显;室温弯曲强度为200.5 MPa,试样发生韧性断裂;层剪强度为21.0 MPa。制备的材料主要性能与美国ATK-COI陶瓷公司的同类型材料相当,部分力学性能更优异。     

Failure of EB-PVD Thermal Barrier Coatings Subjected to Thermo-Mechanical Loading

Thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) were developed to protect metallic blades and vanes working in turbo-engines. The two-layered structure TBCs, consisting of NiCoCrAlY bond coat and yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ), were deposited on a cylinder of superalloy substrate by the electron beam-physical vapor deposition (EB-PVD). The failure mechanism of the TBCs was investigated with a thermo-mechanical fatigue testing system under the service condition similar to that for turbine blades. Non-destructive evaluation of the coated specimens was conducted through the impedance spectroscopy. It is found that the crack initiation mainly takes place on the top coat at the edge of the heated zones.     

A Novel Approach for the Effective Thermal Conductivity of Porous Ceramics

A new approach in combination of the effective medium theory with the equivalent unit in numerical simulation was developed to study the effective thermal conductivity of porous ceramics. The finite element method was used to simulate the heat transfer process which enables to acquire accurate results through highly complicated modeling and intensive computation. An alternative approach to mesh the material into small cells was also presented. The effective medium theory accounts for the effective thermal conductivity of cells while the equivalent unit is subsequently applied in numerical simulation to analyze the effective thermal conductivity of the porous ceramics. A new expression for the effective thermal conductivity, allowing for some structure factors such as volume fraction of pores and thermal conductivity, was put forward, and the results of its application was proved to be close to those of the mathematical simula-tion.     

起落架液压系统的多余物控制及结构改进

起落架和液压系统是飞机结构中的关键部件和系统，起落架的收放作动筒和其它液压系统内部有多余物存在，将导致飞机起落架收不上、放不下或放不到位，危及飞行安全，这里对多余物产生的原因进行了系统的分析，提出了控制重点和结构改进方案，并进行了试验验证，使得起落架和液压系统的可靠性有了较大的提高。     

歼击机座舱盖热力耦合覆盖成形的有限元初步分析

针对覆盖成形过程涉及的大应变变形、温度耦合以及界面摩擦等高度非线性特性,建立了适合于此类问题数值模拟的基于"持续平衡方程"的静力显式有限元模型,并对以聚碳酸酯聚合物板材为歼击机座舱盖的覆盖成形过程进行了有限元初步分析。