银河仿真机半实物仿真方法

本文分析某型号运载工具姿态控制系统仿真实验的实例,说明使用银河仿真机完成此类实验的方法。     

The cost benefits of the Spacelab system to scientific investigations and space applications

In the past, one of the major problems in performing scientific investigations in space has been the high cost of developing, integrating, and transporting scientific experiments into space. The limited resources of unmanned spacecraft, coupled with the requirements for completely automated operations, was another factor contributing to the high costs of scientific research in space. In previous space missions after developing, integrating and transporting costly experiments into space and obtaining successful data, the experiment facility and spacecraft have been lost forever, because they could not be returned to earth. The objective of this paper is to present how the utilization of the Spacelab System will result in cost benefits to the scientific community, and significantly reduce the cost of space operations from previous space programs.The following approach was used to quantify the cost benefits of using the Spacelab System to greatly reduce the operational costs of scientific research in space. An analysis was made of the series of activities required to combine individual scientific experiments into an integrated payload that is compatible with the Space Transportation System (STS). These activities, including Shuttle and Spacelab integration, communications and data processing, launch support requirements, and flight operations were analyzed to indicate how this new space system, when compared with previous space systems, will reduce the cost of space research. It will be shown that utilization of the Spacelab modular design, standard payload interfaces, optional Mission Dependent Equipment (MDE), and standard services, such as the Experiment Computer Operating System (ECOS), allow the user many more services than previous programs, at significantly lower costs. In addition, the missions will also be analyzed to relate their cost benefit contributions to space scientific research.The analytical tools that are being developed at MSFC in the form of computer programs that can rapidly analyze experiment to Spacelab interfaces will be discussed to show how these tools allow the Spacelab integrator to economically establish the payload compatibility of a Spacelab mission.The information used in this paper has been assimilated from the actual experience gained in integrating over 50 highly complex, scientific experiments that will fly on the Spacelab first and second missions. In addition, this paper described the work being done at the Marshall Space Flight Center (MSFC) to define the analytical integration tools and techniques required to economically and efficiently integrate a wide variety of Spacelab payloads and missions. The conclusions reached in this study are based on the actual experience gained at MSFC in its roles of Spacelab integration and mission managers for the first three Spacelab missions. The results of this paper will clearly show that the cost benefits of the Spacelab system will greatly reduce the costs and increase the opportunities for scientific investigation from space.     

浅谈我国天基综合信息网的建设

在21世纪，我国卫星事业机遇与挑战并存。随着航天系统种类的不断增加，产品品种和各系统功能的日臻完善，卫星系统之间自成体系、条块分割的局面也逐渐形成，这是由于空间技术发展的历史过程和各种应用卫星的特殊性造成的。目前各空间系统获取的信息数量急剧增加，而不同系统之间的信息却不能及时共享和综合利用，造成用户难以及时全面掌握事态的发展，不能有力支援作战；卫星各分系统功能越来越强，     

Choroidal responses in microgravity. (SLS-1, SLS-2 and hindlimb-suspension experiments)

Fluid and electrolyte shifts occuring during human spaceflight have been reported and investigated at the level of blood, cardio-vascular and renal responses. Very few data were available concerning the cerebral fluid and electrolyte adaptation to microgravity, even in animal models. It is the reason why we developed several studies focused on the effects of spaceflight (SLS-1 and SLS-2 programs, carried on NASA STS 40 and 56 missions, which were 9- and 14-day flights, respectively), on structural and functional features of choroid plexuses, organs which secrete 70–90 % of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and which are involved in brain homeostasis. Rats flown aboard space shuttles were sacrificed either in space (SLS-2 experiment, on flight day 13) or 4–8 hours after landing (SLS-1 and SLS-2 experiments). Quantitative autoradiography performed by microdensitometry and image analysis, showed that lateral and third ventricle choroid plexuses from rats flown for SLS-1 experiment demonstrated an increased number (about x 2) of binding sites to natriuretic peptides (which are known to be involved in mechanisms regulating CSF production). Using electron microscopy and immunocytochemistry, we studied the cellular response of choroid plexuses, which produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in brain lateral, third and fourth ventricles. We demonstrated that spaceflight (SLS-2 experiment, inflight samples) induces changes in the choroidal cell structure (apical microvilli, kinocilia organization, vesicle accumulation) and protein distribution or expression (carbonic anhydrase II, water channels,…). These observations suggested a loss of choroidal cell polarity and a decrease in CSF secretion. Hindlimb-suspended rats displayed similar choroidal changes. All together, these results support the hypothesis of a modified CSF production in rats during long-term (9, 13 or 14 days) adaptations to microgravity.     

固体发动机复合材料壳体密封隔热涂层研究和应用

研制了以室温硫化硅橡胶为基料并进行了改性的固体火箭发动机密封用隔热涂层。其性能满足工作压强４０－５０ＭＰａ，燃烧温度３０００－３５００℃，飞行过载６０００ｇ的工作条件下的某发动机要求，已得到成功应用。     

基于小波分解与分形内插相结合的地形数据压缩方法

地形匹配制导中需要使用大量的地形数据，因此有效的地形数据压缩技术是非常重要的。传统的地形数据压缩方法主要采用线性内插的方法，但这对于地形起伏较大的山区地形失真太大，不能满足高精度导航的要求。本文基于小波分解与分形内插相结合的方法，提出了一种新的地形数据压缩方法，它具有压缩比高，保真性好，解码快的特点，特别适合山区地形数据的压缩。     

国内空管雷达技术发展与建议

一、概述 空管雷达是ATM（空中交通管理）系统监视空中飞行情况的重要信息源之一，是确保飞行安全、实现雷达管制和提高空域容量的基础。随着雷达技术的进步和微电子技术的快速发展，空管雷达的技术水平也得到了巨大发展。尤其是进入20世纪90年代以来，随着射频大功率晶体管器件的成熟与商品化，空管雷达进入了全固态时代，国际上出现大量全固态、可无人值守的空管雷达。全固态空管雷达大量采用集成化、微电子化的设备，从而在系统可靠性、稳定性、自动化和商品化水平上有很大提高，使空管雷达发展到一个更为实用的阶段。     

基于特征模型的挠性悬臂板控制

针对航天器上太阳帆板这种悬臂外伸薄板结构的挠性附件 ,存在环境扰动下所引起的振动 ,本文采用压电智能结构作为执行器对悬臂板进行主动振动控制。基于板系统的特征建模 ,并结合自适应控制对挠性板的主动控制进行了研究。通过仿真研究结果与应变律反馈控制比较 ,表明该方法的有效性     

多道扫描探针系统在电弧风洞中的应用

介绍了一种用于诊断电弧风洞等离子体参数的多道扫描探针系统，使用该系统研究了ＦＤ０４风洞空流场的等离子体特性，利用ＣＴＷ理论分析了探针数据，实时给出了流场攻密度的空间分布。实验表明，空流场的电子温度分布基本是均匀的；电子密度分布与流场结构紧密相关，电子密度变化在３倍之内，随着流场结值的不同２，电子密度也随之变化。     

灵敏度温度自补偿薄膜压力传感器的研制

溅射薄膜压力传感器具有长期稳定性好、耐高温等优点,但是由于受弹性体材料自身特性的影响,传感器的灵敏度温度误差大,大约在1.5×10-4~2×10-4/F.S℃,是导致传感器测量误差大的原因之一。在弹性体上设计加工灵敏度温度补偿电阻,使应变电阻和灵敏度温度误差补偿电阻可以在同一时间感受温度,比在后续电路上进行温度补偿,温度响应快。对灵敏度温度自补偿压力敏感元件进行设计与研制。实测结果表明,采用灵敏度温度自补偿工艺技术的敏感元件,灵敏度温度误差较小,可以控制在0.25×10-4/F.S℃以下,传感器的温度性能得到了提高。