论在X射线探伤中曝光时间与管电压的关系

本文针对X射线探伤中曝光时间与管电压的关系以及曝光时间在探伤中的实际意义做了详尽分析，并提出了对于不同厚度的零件如何选择曝光时间的原则。     

What Determines the Composition of SEPs in Gradual Events?

Gradual solar energetic particle (SEP) events are evidently accelerated by coronal/interplanetary shocks driven by coronal mass ejections. This talk addresses the different factors which determine the composition of the accelerated ions. The first factor is the set of available seed populations including the solar wind core and suprathermal tail, remnant impulsive events from preceding solar flares, and remnant gradual events. The second factor is the fractionation of the seed ions by the injection process, that is, what fraction of the ions are extracted by the shock to participate in diffusive shock acceleration. Injection is a controversial topic since it depends on the detailed electromagnetic structure of the shock transition and the transport of ions in these structured fields, both of which are not well understood or determined theoretically. The third factor is fractionation during the acceleration process, due to the dependence of ion transport in the turbulent electromagnetic fields adjacent to the shock on the mass/charge ratio. Of crucial importance in the last two factors is the magnetic obliquity of the shock. The form of the proton-excited hydromagnetic wave spectrum is also important. Finally, more subtle effects on ion composition arise from the superposition of ion contributions over the time history of the shock along the observer’s magnetic flux tube, and the sequence of flux tubes sampled by the observer.     

An analysis of temperature fields in rotating fluid

A possible variant presented for solving the equation of motion of a rotating flow is more general with respect to the variants known in the literature. On the basis of the simultaneous solution of the equations of motion and energy, the temperature fields are determined under changes of the rotation nature.     

Spectrum for the Seventies and Beyond

Radio frequency spectrum management for the 1970's is discussed, with the role of IEEE's Joint Technical Advisory Committee defined.     

Challenges and perspectives of transport cargo vehicles utilization for performing research in free flight

Russian Progress transport cargo vehicles have successfully been used in different space station programs since 1978. At present time, they play an important role in the International Space Station (ISS) project. Main tasks performed by the transport cargo vehicle (TCV) in the station program are the following: refueling of the station, delivery of consumables and equipment, waste removal, station attitude control and orbit correction maneuver execution.     

Peculiarities of Estimating the Aircraft Performance Characteristics of the Rocket-and-Space Facilities under Conditions of Fuzzy Data

One possible method is considered of deriving the well-posed (in the sense of A.N. Tikhonov) solutions to the problems of estimating the aircraft performance characteristics. The method is based on the results of measurements of the state parameters and geophysical conditions of the employment of the rocket-and-space facilities under conditions of uncertainty of the a priori data on measurement errors.     

基于分数阶Fourier域滤波的SAR多运动目标检测和参数估计

SAR多运动目标的检测和参数估计较单运动目标的难度大大增加,传统的WVD方法在处理多分量线性 调频信号时存在交叉项干扰的问题,改进的WVD-HT方法可减弱交叉项的影响,但并不能从根本上解决交叉项问题, 同时计算量也很大。文中提出一种基于分数阶Fourier域滤波的多运动目标检测和参数估计方法,在运动目标和静止目 标信号分离后通过逐个消去强目标信号,有效地解决了弱目标信号的检测和参数估计问题,由于分数阶Fourier变换是 线性变换,从而免除了交叉项的困扰。仿真和实测数据的处理结果验证了算法的有效性。     

大气层外拦截器关机基准制导法研究

大气层外拦截问题中 ,针对拦截弹飞行中段采用工作时间固定的固体燃料发动机的情况 ,提出一种关机基准中段制导方法。当发动机的推力特性给定时 ,通过估计关机时刻目标相对于拦截弹的运动状态 ,按照关机时刻相对速度垂直于视线方向的分量为零的原理来确定推力矢方向。仿真计算表明 ,对于拦截近程弹道目标的情况 ,这种制导方法可有效降低拦截脱靶量     

SIGMA observations of hard X-ray and soft gamma-ray emission from X-ray binaries

After more than two years of operation, the imaging γ-ray SIGMA telescope has accumulated several days of observation toward well known X-ray binaries. Four bright sources falling in this category have been detected so far: The pulsar GX 1+4 near the center of our galaxy, the stellar wind accreting system 4U 1700-377, and the black hole candidates Cygnus X-1 and GX 339-4. Moreover, SIGMA have observed three transients sources, which turned out to be also hard X-ray sources : The burster KS 1731-260, Tra X-1, and the Musca Nova. The properties of these systems in the SIGMA domain will be reviewed and a spectral distinction between black holes and neutron stars will be sketched.     

基于遗传算法优化神经网络的结冰环境中MVD和LWC预测

水滴平均体积直径（Mean volumetric diameter,MVD）和液态水含量（Liquid water content,LWC）是两个影响飞机结冰的重要气象参数,但在实际中难以准确测得,如果能够实时、准确地获取这两个参数可以为积冰预测和飞机适航认证标准的建立提供一些指导。文中提出了一种基于遗传算法优化神经网络的结冰气象参数预测模型。以不同测点组合的冰厚和结冰速率、环境温度、飞行速度和机翼迎角为输入参数,结冰气象参数MVD和LWC为输出参数,构建遗传算法优化的结冰气象参数预测模型,并通过预测模型对数值计算测试组数据和结冰风洞实验数据的结冰气象参数进行预测。结果表明,基于遗传算法优化Elman神经网络的预测模型对结冰气象参数的测试组预测相对误差在10%以内,实验数据相对误差在20%以内,该方法具有一定的可行性。