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231.
A. I. Efimov L. A. Lukanina V. K. Rudash L. N. Samoznaev I. V. Chashei M. K. Bird M. Pätzold 《Cosmic Research》2013,51(1):13-22
We have performed spectral processing of the data of experiments on radio sounding of circumsolar plasma by coherent S- and X-band signals from the spacecraft Ulysses, Mars Express, Rosetta, and Venus Express carried out from 1991 to 2009. The experiments were realized in the mode of coherent response, when a signal stabilized by the hydrogen standard is transmitted from the ground station to a spacecraft, received by the onboard systems, and retransmitted to the Earth with conserved coherence. Thus, the signal sounding the coronal plasma passes twice through the medium: on the propagation path ground station — spacecraft and on the same path in the opposite direction. The spectra of frequency fluctuations in both the bands are obtained and, using them, the radial dependences of fluctuation intensities are found, which can be approximated by a power law. It is shown that the ratio of intensities of frequency fluctuations in the S- and X-bands is comparable with the theoretical value and characterizes the degree of correlation of irregularities of the electron density along the propagation path ground station — spacecraft and back. Analysis of the correlation of frequency fluctuations on the two paths allows one to get a lower estimate of the outer scale of the circumsolar plasma turbulence. For heliocentric distances R = 10 solar radii (R S ) the outer scale is larger than 0.25R S . 相似文献
232.
Dynamics of a satellite-stabilizer system is studied. It is supposed that there is a viscous friction in a hinge connecting
two bodies, but there is no elasticity. The attitude motion in a plane of circular orbit is considered, and parameters are
determined, at which natural oscillations near a stable equilibrium position in the orbital coordinate system are damped out
most rapidly. The rate of transient processes is estimated by a value of the degree of stability of linearized equations of
motion. The optimization of the degree of stability is sequentially performed in dimensionless damping coefficient (the first
stage) and in inertial system parameters (the second stage). The result of the first stage is the partition of system parameter
space into the regions, in each of which the maximum of the degree of stability is reached on a particular configuration of
roots of the characteristic equation. It is shown at the second stage that the global maximum is reached at two points of
parameter space, where one of system bodies degenerates into a plate, and the characteristic equation has four equal real
roots. 相似文献
233.
A review is given of the present state of the problem of upper atmospheric emission, in relation to the processes which take
place in that region.
Translated by the Express Translation Service, Wimbledon, London, W-2. 相似文献
234.
We investigate the behavior of mean values of the solar wind’s and interplanetary magnetic field’s (IMF) parameters and their
absolute and relative variations during the magnetic storms generated by various types of the solar wind. In this paper, which
is a continuation of paper [1], we, on the basis of the OMNI data archive for the period of 1976–2000, have analyzed 798 geomagnetic
storms with D
st
≤ −50 nT and their interplanetary sources: corotating interaction regions CIR, compression regions Sheath before the interplanetary
CMEs; magnetic clouds MC; “Pistons” Ejecta, and an uncertain type of a source. For the analysis the double superposed epoch
analysis method was used, in which the instants of the magnetic storm onset and the minimum of the D
st
index were taken as reference times. It is shown that the set of interplanetary sources of magnetic storms can be sub-divided
into two basic groups according to their slowly and fast varying characteristics: (1) ICME (MC and Ejecta) and (2) CIR and
Sheath. The mean values, the absolute and relative variations in MC and Ejecta for all parameters appeared to be either mean
or lower than the mean value (the mean values of the electric field E
y
and of the B
z
component of IMF are higher in absolute value), while in CIR and Sheath they are higher than the mean value. High values
of the relative density variation sN/〈N〉 are observed in MC. At the same time, the high values for relative variations of the velocity, B
z
component, and IMF magnitude are observed in Sheath and CIR. No noticeable distinctions in the relationships between considered
parameters for moderate and strong magnetic storms were observed. 相似文献
235.
Formation and motion (at the initial stage) of six limb CMEs detected in the period June 2010 to June 2011 are investigated using the high-resolution data of the PROBA2 and SDO spacecraft combined with the data of SOHO/LASCO coronagraphs. It is demonstrated that several loop-like structures of enhanced brightness originate in the region of CME formation, and they move one after another with, as a rule, different velocities. These loop-like structures in the final analysis form the frontal structure of CME. Time dependences of the velocity and acceleration of the ejection’s front are obtained for all CMEs under consideration. A conclusion is drawn about possible existence of two classes of CMEs depending on their velocity time profiles. Ejections, whose velocity after reaching its maximum sharply drops by a value of more than 100 km/s and then goes over into a regime of slow change, belong to the first class. Another class of CMEs is formed by ejections whose velocity changes slowly immediately after reaching the maximum. It is demonstrated that the CME’s angular dimension increases at the initial stage of ejection motion up to a factor of 3 with a time scale of doubling the angular size value within the limits 3.5–11 min since the moment of the first measurement of this parameter of an ejection. For three CMEs it is shown that at the initial stage of their motion for a certain time interval they are stronger expanded than grow in the longitude direction. 相似文献
236.
In this paper, the results of calculating the processes of two fuel mixture combustion in different proportions are presented.
The values of temperature, thermal capacity, specific gas constant and isentropic expansion ratio of combustion products are
given. Also shown is the distinction of thermodynamic properties from the additivity law. 相似文献
237.
I. S. Akhmed’yanov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2010,53(2):230-234
To complete study [1], the procedure of applying the numerical quadrature method to analyzing the shells of revolution under
axisymmetrical loading is presented. 相似文献
238.
In this paper, a process of flanging to create thin-walled axisymmetrical shells with the shape of truncated cone is analyzed. Also presented are some dependences that make it possible to determine the relative depth of a formed piece at the given piece-blank thickness ratio. 相似文献
239.
To calculate the unsteady helicopter motion, we propose a simplifying approach consisting in the fact that the numerical solution
of equations of nonlinear nonstationary aerodynamics and flight dynamics are made successively in time intervals. As an example,
the results of calculating the helicopter motion in descent are presented. The mathematical model and algorithm can be used
for calculating the unsteady motion of different helicopters. 相似文献
240.
A. I. Golovanov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2010,53(3):243-249
The constitutive relations and plastic flow rule are derived from the thermodynamics equations. The known procedures of determining
the plastic strain rate value are described. A calculation algorithm is presented that is based on the incremental loading,
linearization of the virtual power equation and the projection method. A numerical example is presented. 相似文献