基于仿生的大展弦比直机翼结构布局形式研究

为了探讨大展弦比直机翼的结构布局形式,借鉴自然界中的鱼骨和鸟羽毛以及树叶的叶脉形式,利用有限元分析与满应力优化作为设计手段,对三种不同的结构布局形式(A构型、B构型和常规构型)开展基于强度、刚度以及重量条件限制下的有关响应的对比研究.计算结果表明:在不同尺度的等重量条件限制下,"A构型"弯曲刚度最大,扭转刚度居中;"B构型"弯曲刚度居中,扭转刚度最小;"常规构型"弯曲刚度最小,扭转刚度最大.分析得出机翼的翼肋布置应该"适当的"倾斜.最后给出三点结论.     

探讨飞行器翼身不同结构刚度对翼尖位移和结构重量的关系

为了研究大展弦比双机身布局无人机中翼身结构不同刚度对结构响应的影响,本文采用有限元分析与满应力优化相结合来探讨这一问题.计算结果表明:机翼与机身之间不同刚度对结构响应存在影响.建议结构设计时注意这一现象并加以利用,从而得到轻量化的结构设计.针对算例进一步计算与分析表明:采用本文方法得到的结构优化方案,同样也能够满足该飞机的静、动气弹要求.结论:采用本文方法,不仅可以研究飞机部件之间不同刚度对飞机结构响应的影响,还可以进行全机的结构方案设计,并对此方案进行刚度、强度、颤振和控制面效率的分析与评估.     

Modeling and Optimal Design of Planar Linkage Mechanism of Coupled Joint Clearances for Manufacturing

The uncertainty of the mechanism motion error is mostly caused by the manufacturing process,so the motion error cannot be effectively predicted at the design phase.The problems of manufacturing complexity and the relationship between design and manufacturing are analyzed,and the influence of dimensional tolerance and fit tolerance on the motion accuracy of the system is considered in the design process.Then based on the Monte Carlo simulation,an optimal design model of planar linkage mechanism is set up.A typical offset slider-crank mechanism is used as an illustrative example to carry out the optimal design.Compared with the result of typical robustness design,the similar variation characteristics of the mean value and the standard deviation can be found,so the proposed method is effective.The method is furthermore applied in the optimization of the schemes with different fit tolerances and the prediction of motion errors in the design phase is achieved.A set of quantitative evaluation system for mechanism optimal design is provided.Finally,a basic strategy is presented to balance the motion precision and manufacturing cost.     

WIFI AIDED INTEGRITY IMPROVEMENT IN MEMS INS/GNSS INTEGRATION

The reliability of global navigation satellite system （GNSS） positioning degrades when satellite signals are interfered. Such degradation is hard to be deteced by a micro-electro mechanical system （MEMS） based inertial system（INS）/GNSS, integrating navigation system with a conventional Kalman filtering, which results in poten- tial integrity problem of the system. Hence, an algorithm combining wireless fidelity （WiFi） signal with a federa- ted Kalman filter （FKF） is proposed to identify the system integrity in dense urban navigation. The criterion of the system integrity detection is created followed by the derivation of the integrity coefficient. The field test shows that integrity changes can be captured by applying WiFi, and the maximum positioning error is reduced by 67~ without compensation of inertial sensors in integrity deterioration.     

分裂导线平均风荷载阻力系数干扰效应研究

分裂导线在不同风场条件下的阻力系数及干扰效应对导线风荷载的合理化设计十分重要。不同迎风角和雷诺数下分裂导线气动阻力系数特性及干扰屏蔽效应比较复杂。为了研究该干扰效应,设计长细比约为1∶30、长度约为1m 的导线节段模型试验,获得导线平均风荷载阻力系数随雷诺数、尾流干扰的变化规律;进行了不同风速和迎风方向下4、6和8分裂导线节段模型平均风荷载阻力系数试验,总结了多分裂导线阻力系数的屏蔽效应规律特性。试验结果表明,多分裂导线气动阻力系数干扰效应明显,且不同迎风方式对风荷载影响较大,风荷载明显低于现行规范规定值。分裂导线风荷载合理化设计和计算应该重视迎风角度和干扰效应的影响。     

改进FDTD／集总源模型分析航天器场线耦合

针对典型的电磁脉冲对航天器电缆耦合问题,建立了航天器场线耦合分析模型。在场分布计算方面,采用基于平均电参数和分析目标与 Yee网格不重合的边缘部分修正的改进时域有限差分法。在场线耦合方面,建立基于集总等效源模型的多导体传输线瞬态响应模型,将外场在传输线上激励的分布电压源和电流源与传输线指数矩阵解耦,建立了集总等效电压源和电流源模型。采用分析模型分析运载内一根电缆受电磁脉冲影响的响应,结果表明,即使存在屏蔽作用,电磁脉冲在电缆上耦合的干扰足以损毁设备。     

Estimation of GPS instrumental biases from small scale network

With 4 GPS receivers located in the equatorial anomaly region in southeast China, this paper proposes a grid-based algorithm to determine the GPS satellites and receivers biases, and at the same time to derive the total electron content (TEC) with time resolution of 15 min and spatial resolution of 1° by 3.5° in latitude and longitude. By assuming that the TEC is identical at any point within a given grid block and the biases do not vary within a day, the algorithm arranges unknown biases and TECs with slant path TEC from the 4 receivers’ observations into a set of equations. Then the instrumental biases and the TECs are determined by using the least squares fitting technique. The performance of the method is examined by applying it to the GPS receiver chain observations selected from 16 geomagnetically quiet days in four seasons of 2006. It is found that the fitting agrees with the data very well, with goodness of fit ranging from 0.452 TECU to 1.914 TECU. Having a mean of 0.9 ns, the standard deviations for most of the GPS satellite biases are less than 1.0 ns for the 16 days. The GPS receiver biases are more stable than that of the GPS satellites. The standard deviation in the 4 receiver bias is from 0.370 ns to 0.855 ns, with a mean of 0.5 ns. Moreover, the instrumental biases are highly correlated with those derived from CODE and JPL with independent methods. The typical precision of the derived TEC is 5 TECU by a conservative estimation. These results indicate that the proposed algorithm is valid and qualified for small scale GPS network.     

石墨烯用于提高材料抗原子氧剥蚀性能

提出新型二维纳米材料石墨烯在航天器上的应用.首先采用超声空化法制备得到石墨烯,然后将其添加到环氧树脂中,采用共混法制成纳米复合材料.热失重分析显示材料的热稳定性能有所提高.在地面模拟设备中对环氧树脂和纳米复合材料进行了原子氧效应试验,并对试验前后材料的质量损失、表面形貌和表面成分等进行了分析,结果表明纳米复合材料相对于纯环氧树脂,其抗原子氧剥蚀性能有明显提高.      

基于改进卡尔曼滤波的电池SOC估算

以研究电动汽车动力电池管理系统为背景,以电池荷电状态估算为关键技术,介绍了荷电状态与其主要影响因素的非线性动态关系,建立了二阶RC等效电池模型.在此基础上,考虑了温度对电池内阻的影响,采用卡尔曼滤波算法、改进的安时计量法和开路电压法,结合基于温度的电池模型参数在线辨识,对电池荷电状态进行估算,通过MATLAB仿真,并与基于经验公式的卡尔曼滤波算法进行了对比,平均误差为2.46%,提高了估算精度,验证了算法的可行性和可靠性.      

基于过程质量数据的制造系统可靠性建模分析

针对传统制造系统可靠性评价不考虑加工过程产品质量数据,无法对制造系统可靠性进行及时准确的建模分析,提出了基于过程质量数据的制造系统可靠性建模分析方法.首先,在给出了包含制造产品质量的制造系统可靠性新内涵的基础上,分析了制造过程中关键质量特性检验数据和制造系统组件的退化故障数据等过程质量数据对制造系统可靠性建模的影响,从而明确建模需求.然后,首次提出了基于产品合格概率和制造系统组件退化失效率的制造系统可靠性分析模型.最后,通过某盖板的加工系统的可靠性建模分析验证了模型的有效性.结果表明该模型能够方便地利用制造阶段的质量数据更准确地估计出制造系统可靠性.