模拟地球同步轨道辐照环境对光学太阳反射镜性能的影响

研究了模拟地球同步轨道辐照环境对卫星用温控涂层-光学太阳反射镜(OSR)性能的影响。对所研制的两类OSR 片进行的辐照试验项目有,真空紫外辐照、低能电子和两种能量的质子辐照。此外还进行了等离子体环境条件下的表面充/放电效应试验。经过相当于安装在地球同步轨道卫星南北极位置处,在空间七年所受到的电子、质子和紫外辐照总剂量的辐照后,导电型OSR 的太阳光谱吸收率α_s 由0.068增加到0.078,法向发射率ε_n 由0.83降低到0.72;而非导电型OSR的α_s 由0.066增加到0.085,ε_n 由0.82降低到0.76。表面充/放电试验的结果表明:导电型OSR 的充电电位仅在15～40V 之间,而非导电型OSR 的充电电位则可高达13kV。因此导电型OSR能有效地控制表面的充/放电现象。     

地-空导弹自适应最优制导律初探

本文从自适应控制的基本思想出发,利用最优控制理论,在建立地-空导弹最优制导律的基础上,考虑导弹质心的动力学方程,建立了扩维的系统状态方程和测量方程。再利用最优控制理论和非线性系统扩维Kalman滤波理论,推导出地-空导弹自适应最优制导律,进行数字计算,得到了比较满意的结果,为进一步探讨地-空导弹的自适应最优制导律提供了有价值的参考。     

非平稳信号的双重中值容错平滑算法

平滑是消除或削弱测量数据随机误差时常用的数据处理手段。文章建立了一组新的非平稳数据序列容错平滑算法，其采用两阶段两次滑动中值与滑动均值平滑组合，实现了数据简化与平滑的统一。理论分析和仿真计算结果证实，算法可有效避免斑点型异常数据的不利影响，有效削弱随机误差的影响，改进数据处理精度和数据处理结果可靠性。     

半浮区液桥自由面振荡特征

使用一套双路同步显微放大录像及图像处理系统,研究了夹角为90°的两个竖直剖面沿轴向不同高度液桥自由表面的位移振荡,得到轴向不同高度上的环向相位差,观测到在振荡周期内液桥表面轮廓线在不同时刻均不相交的特点。实验结果表明,液桥自由面振荡除具有径向扰动及轴向振荡变化外,还存在环向波动变化。根据实验结果,讨论了环向波动基本变化规律以及本实验在测量精度和测量误差方面存在的问题。     

碱性体系锌—镍合金电沉积的研究

本文介绍了一种新型的碱性体系锌-镍合金电镀工艺。本工艺镀层光亮、镀液稳定、组成简单及维护方便,能在很宽的工艺范围下能镀出含镍量为11～15％的锌-镍合金。镀层具有高耐蚀性及低氢脆性。对电沉积机理也作了必要叙述。     

Orientations of LASCO Halo CMEs and their connection to the flux rope structure of interplanetary CMEs

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs) observed near the Sun via LASCO coronographic imaging are the most important solar drivers of geomagnetic storms. ICMEs, their interplanetary, near-Earth counterparts, can be detected in situ, for example, by the Wind and ACE spacecraft. An ICME usually exhibits a complex structure that very often includes a magnetic cloud (MC). They can be commonly modelled as magnetic flux ropes and there is observational evidence to expect that the orientation of a halo CME elongation corresponds to the orientation of the flux rope. In this study, we compare orientations of elongated CME halos and the corresponding MCs, measured by Wind and ACE spacecraft. We characterize the MC structures by using the Grad–Shafranov reconstruction technique and three MC fitting methods to obtain their axis directions. The CME tilt angles and MC fitted axis angles were compared without taking into account handedness of the underlying flux rope field and the polarity of its axial field. We report that for about 64% of CME–MC events, we found a good correspondence between the orientation angles implying that for the majority of interplanetary ejecta their orientations do not change significantly (less than 45 deg rotation) while travelling from the Sun to the near-Earth environment.     

A comprehensive study of the 2016 Mw 6.0 Italy earthquake based on high-rate (10 Hz) GPS data

The 2016 M_w 6.0 Italy earthquake is successfully recorded by the near-field 10?Hz GPS and 200?Hz Strong Motion (SM) stations, providing valuable data for this study. A comprehensive study of this earthquake is carried out based on GPS data, which contains coseismic deformations analysis, noise analysis, seismic wave picking, and magnitude determination. The noise of most GPS-derived displacement waveforms can be described as a combination of white noise, flicker noise, and random walk noise after the earthquake occurrence, and the spectral indices vary significantly for most stations, implying that the seismic signals have affected the noise characteristic of GPS-derived displacement waveforms. S-transform is employed to assess the GPS capability to detect the seismic arrival time. The SM station AMT and the GPS station AMAT are in good agreement in seismic wave picking, and the difference is only 1.2?s in the north component, suggesting that the outcome of seismic wave picking using GPS data is reliable. Then, a classic empirical formula is employed to determine the moment magnitude. A robust moment magnitude (Mw 5.90) can be estimated by the nine GPS stations with about 23.9?s. If four GPS stations near the epicenter is chosen to determine the magnitude, it only take 13.0?s to retrieve a reliable preliminary (Mw 5.82) magnitude, which is 5.4?s ahead of nine stations. In addition, Cross Wavelet Transform (XWT) is adopted to measuring the correlation and phase relationship between GPS and SM records. The result of XWT analysis indicates 10?Hz GPS is capable of capturing reliable and accurate coseismic dynamic deformations, as evidenced by the XWT-based semblance being close to 1 between GPS and SM records. The above results confirm the capability of 10?Hz GPS to capture coseismic dynamic deformations, detect seismic arrival time, and determine earthquake magnitude. Moreover, rapid magnitude determination based on 10?Hz GPS data can be regarded as an important supplement to Earthquake Early Warning (EEW).     

高超声速圆锥边界层失稳条纹结构实验研究

边界层转捩的准确预测是高超声速飞行面临的关键气动问题之一。为研究高超声速边界层失稳和转捩机理,以前缘半径1.6mm、半锥角7°的圆锥模型为研究对象,在FD-07高超声速风洞中采用红外热图技术开展边界层转捩实验测量。通过与工程计算结果对比,确认模型表面边界层流态。实验结果表明:有迎角条件下,模型表面中后段出现条纹结构,条纹结构的起始位置随着周向角的增加而向上游移动;随着迎角的增加,条纹起始位置向上游移动,条纹强度差异和条纹与模型中心线的夹角越来越大。实验获得的条纹结构与不同频率扰动波相互作用直接数值模拟获得的条纹结构现象一致。通过对比分析,认为边界层内不同频率扰动波相互作用是产生条纹结构的一种机制。