捷联惯导/里程计组合导航方法

针对车载自主导航需求,基于卡尔曼滤波器,实现捷联惯导与里程计量测信息的组合导航.推导了里程计误差模型,结合捷联惯组误差模型与捷联系统误差模型,建立了捷联惯导/里程计自主组合导航系统误差状态模型.建立了捷联惯导/里程计组合导航量测模型,阐述了估计误差修正方法.采用仿真计算对此方法进行了验证,仿真结果表明:组合导航过程中,初始姿态误差能得到有效估计,姿态误差和位置误差均能控制在一定精度范围内,应用此组合导航方法相对于传统的航位推算方法能得到更高的导航精度,能有效实现自主高精度定位定向.     

半捷联式导引头视线转率提取算法

捷联式光学导引头的探测装置直接固联于弹体上,许多现有的制导信息处理方法都不再适用.对半捷联式导引头进行研究,根据其与常平架式与捷联式导引头不同的配置方式,推导了滚仰式和偏航俯仰式半捷联导引头视线转率提取算法,并分析了影响半捷联导引头视线转率提取精度的主要因素及误差传递关系,通过Simulink仿真验证了算法的正确性.      

蒙皮加筋圆柱壳扭转频率的三种计算模型

为了给火箭等加筋圆柱壳结构的简化计算提供理论基础,研究了加筋圆柱壳面积等效方法中的扭转刚度计算方法,说明了不能直接根据等效厚度计算扭转刚度的物理机理,得到了桁条对圆柱壳扭转刚度的贡献可以忽略的结论.根据等效厚度以及桁条与蒙皮连接关系的不同处理方法,给出了计算扭转固有振动频率的等效梁模型、变厚度壳模型和壳-梁模型,分析了桁条在3种模型中对刚度和质量(包括转动惯量)的不同作用.为了消除根据等效厚度计算扭转刚度和扭转固有振动频率的偏差,分别给出了扭转刚度和扭转固有振动频率的修正方法.数值结果验证了修正方法和所得结论的正确性.      

负压式平板型环路热管试验

为解决高热流密度电子器件的散热问题,设计了一套负压式铜 甲醇环路热管,其蒸发器设计成平板型。研究表明,该平板型环路热管具有较高的散热能力,能够在无重力姿态和重力姿态下顺利启动。当重力倾角分别为0°、18°和30°,热负荷为160W时,蒸发器壁面温度分别达到85.8℃、66.3℃和64.6℃。按照环路热管启动状态,其启动过程可分为3个阶段：加热阶段、预启动阶段和后启动阶段。在低热负荷区域,环路热管会出现温度波动现象。增大重力倾角,有利于降低蒸发器壁面温度和热阻。当重力倾角为30°,热负荷从10W递增到160W时,环路热管的热阻从4.97℃/W降低到0.39℃/W。     

基于超声波的移动机器人多目标探测定位方法

为了使移动机器人能够对离散的多个目标进行准确的探测定位,提出了一种新的超声波智能探测方法.采用3个收发一体的超声换能器阵列发送近似的平面声波波束,并建立空间坐标系.3个探头定时发送超声波脉冲,同时数字信号处理器采集并分析接收到的回波信号,在给定的算法下滤除杂波、识别提取回波首波、二次回波和三次回波等特征信号数据,在正确检测出各路波束的回波时间后,通过计算给出多个被测物体的准确定位.实验采用了杆件物体作为被测对象,对回波信号进行高速数据采集处理后计算出被测目标的坐标值,比较了计算物位与实测物位数据,结果验证了该方法的可行性与正确性.      

Low-dose carbon ion irradiation effects on DNA damage and oxidative stress in the mouse testis

To investigate the effects of low-dose carbon ion irradiation on reproductive system of mice, the testes of outbred Kunming strain mice were whole-body irradiated with 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 Gy, respectively. We measured DNA double-strand breaks (DNA DSBs) and oxidative stress parameters including malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and testis weight and sperm count at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation in mouse testis. At 12 h postirradiation, a significant increase in DNA DSB level but no pronounced alterations in MDA content or SOD activity were observed in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups compared with the control group. At 21 d postirradiation, there was a significant reduction in sperm count and distinct enhancements of DSB level and MDA content in 0.5 and 1 Gy groups in comparison with control. At 35 d postirradiation, the levels of DNA DSBs and MDA, and SOD activity returned to the baseline except for the MDA content in 1 Gy (P < 0.05), while extreme falls of sperm count were still observed in 0.5 (P < 0.01) and 1 Gy (P < 0.01) groups. For the 0.05 or 0.1 Gy group, no differences were found in DNA DSB level and MDA content between control and at 12 h, 21 d and 35 d after irradiation, indicating that lower doses of carbon ion irradiation have no significant influence on spermatogenesis processes. In this study, male germ cells irradiated with over 0.5 Gy of carbon ions are difficult to repair completely marked by the sperm count. Furthermore, these data suggest that the deleterious effects may be chronic or delayed in reproductive system after whole-body exposure to acute high-dose carbon ions.     

Geostationary orbit determination using SATRE

A new strategy of precise orbit determination (POD) for GEO (Geostationary Earth Orbit) satellite using SATRE (SAtellite Time and Ranging Equipment) is presented. Two observation modes are proposed and different channels of the same instruments are used to construct different observation modes, one mode receiving time signals from their own station and the other mode receiving time signals from each other for two stations called pairs of combined observations. Using data from such a tracking network in China, the results for both modes are compared. The precise orbit determination for the Sino-1 satellite using the data from 6 June 2005 to 13 June 2005 has been carried out in this work. The RMS (Root-Mean-Square) of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the former mode is better than 9.1 cm. The RMS of observing residuals for 3-day solutions with the latter mode is better than 4.8 cm, much better than the former mode. Orbital overlapping (3-day orbit solution with 1-day orbit overlap) tests show that the RMS of the orbit difference for the former mode is 0.16 m in the radial direction, 0.53 m in the along-track direction, 0.97 m in the cross-track direction and 1.12 m in the 3-dimension position and the RMS of the orbit difference for the latter mode is 0.36 m in the radial direction, 0.89 m in the along-track direction, 1.18 m in the cross-track direction and 1.52 m in the 3-dimension position, almost the same as the former mode. All the experiments indicate that a meter-level accuracy of orbit determination for geostationary satellite is achievable.     

航空航天仿真试验假人研制

介绍了国内航空仿真试验假人的功能要求和研制状况,将研制工作分为人体参数测量、机械结构、信号采集与处理和可靠性验证4个部分进行.重点阐述了仿真试验假人的骨架、关节和皮肤肌肉的材料选择及结构设计特点.传感测试能力可输出记录64路生理信号,整体性能接近美国军用假人ADAM的水平,为高危的载人航空航天装备动态性能试验测试提供了有效工具.     

基于接触状态分析的叶冠阻尼评估与改进设计

采用基于接触状态分析的干摩擦阻尼结构设计方法,针对某型带冠涡轮叶片进行了阻尼评估与改进设计.接触状态包括接触形式和接触参数,通过接触形式从结构上判断结构设计的合理性;通过接触参数从力学性能上评价叶冠的阻尼效果.对叶片的动力特性、接触状态和振动响应进行综合评估分析,找出叶冠结构设计不足之处,并指出具体的改进措施,使叶冠的接触状态及振动响应得到一定的改善,并找到叶冠弦宽稳定工作范围.接触状态能够细致反映出叶冠工作状态下真实的接触情况,为叶冠结构设计和阻尼效果判定提供了更准确、详尽的参考依据.