View-dependent progressive transmission and rendering for lunar model based on bicubic subdivision-surface wavelet

Given the fact that the back of the digital lunar model is invisible from any viewpoint, a view-dependent progressive transmission and rendering method for lunar model is proposed and a client-server browsing system is implemented. On the server side, the semi-regular lunar surface is partitioned into dozens of segments, and each segment is compressed independently using bicubic subdivision-surface wavelet and SPIHT. For any viewpoint, only the data of the visible segments are transmitted to the client side progressively, then decoded and locally reconstructed there. This approach not only improves the efficiency of transmission, but also reduces the reconstruction time greatly. We can browse the lunar model on the client almost in realtime.     

基于内模原理的复杂挠性卫星姿态控制研究

首先对具有运动挠性附件的航天器的姿态动力学模型进行了简要讨论和分析,证明了对于受步进扰动的复杂挠性卫星系统,采用输出反馈PD控制仅能得到一致有界稳定的结论。为了获得闭环系统的渐近稳定性能,进一步构造了具有内模补偿的PD控制系统,并且根据Lyapunov理论给出了严格证明。基于美国GOES 8号静止轨道气象卫星公布的动力学参数,对PD控制及含有内模补偿的PD控制两类控制器进行了仿真对比,以校验所设计控制系统的有效性。最后,进行了总结并提出进一步的研究设想。     

重力梯度对自由漂浮空间机器人姿态扰动分析

分析重力梯度对在轨运行的自由漂浮空间机器人姿态运动影响。由Lagrange方法建立自由漂浮空间机器人受重力梯度扰动的非线性动力学模型。首先,考虑无控关节自由状态,分析重力梯度对关节运动的影响。其次,利用相平面轨迹分析重力梯度对自由漂浮系统姿态运动影响。最后,由速度偏差曲线分析重力梯度对机械臂的影响。结果表明,当作用时间接近轨道周期或更长时,重力梯度引起的关节偏差已十分显著,且这种扰动作用主要由轨道偏心率决定;关节锁定时俯仰姿态受扰运动有周期振动与翻滚两种形式,若初始角速度满足一定限值可以保证俯仰运动不发生翻滚;当机械臂长时间工作时,忽略重力梯度将产生明显的末端定位误差。     

多目标融合的冗余空间机械臂碰前轨迹优化

面向在轨对接与装配任务,提出了多目标融合的冗余度空间机械臂碰前轨迹优化方法。通过分析任务特点,阐述了空间机械臂碰前的多重任务目标。针对由空间机械臂连续轨迹跟踪、碰撞姿态控制及碰撞冲量幅值优化三个目标组成的第一类任务,通过设置任务优先级融合多目标并采用基于主任务零空间的方法实现对碰前轨迹的优化;而对由空间机械臂点到点规划、碰撞姿态控制及碰撞冲量幅值优化三个目标组成的第二类任务,通过设置任务权重将多目标融合并采用遗传算法对碰前轨迹进行优化。以典型七自由度机械臂为例开展仿真实验,验证了提出的轨迹优化方法的有效性。     

真空出气对星用聚酰亚胺材料电导率的影响

卫星介质材料在真空环境下的出气有可能对材料本身的介电性能产生显著影响,增加长期服役卫星寿命末期的充放电风险。文章以卫星上常用的聚酰亚胺材料为对象,通过地面90Sr-90Y辐照源加速辐照试验研究了在材料真空出气后其表面充电平衡负电位的变化,并据此计算出材料电导率的变化规律。结果显示,在5 pA/cm2电子辐照强度下,聚酰亚胺样品的电导率随着出气量的增加而明显下降,在总质量损失达到0.5%时,电导率减小一半左右。初步分析了出气导致电导率下降的物理机制。研究结果对卫星寿命末期充放电防护设计有指导意义。     

Analysis on Potential Conflict Frequency of Intersected Air Routes in Terminal Airspace Design

In order to obtain accurate conflict risks in terminal airspace design, the concept and calculation model of potential conflict frequency for intersected routes are proposed. Conflict frequency is represented by the product of horizontal conflict frequency and vertical conflict probability. The horizontal conflict frequency is derived from the probability density distribution of conflicts in a period of time. Based on the recorded radar trajectory data, the concept and model of ROUTE distance are proposed, and the probability density function of aircraft height at a specified ROUTE distance is deduced by kernel density estimation. Furthermore, vertical conflict probability and its horizontal distribution are achieved. Examples of three intersected arrival and departure route design schemes are studied. Compared with scheme 1, the conflict frequency values of the other two improved schemes decrease to 53 % and 24%, respectively. The results show that the model can quantify potential conflict frequency of intersec ted routes.     

Nonlinear H∞ based underactuated attitude control for small satellites with two reaction wheels

Underactuated attitude control is supposed to be used on spacecraft when failure happens with onboard actuators. One main problem with existing underactuated attitude control designs is their limited capabilities against disturbances. In order to solve this problem, an approach based on the theory of H∞$H\infty$ is proposed in this paper. Two propositions are derived from the H∞$H\infty$ theory to improve the robustness of one popular underactuated attitude control design, which was presented by Tsiotras et al. It is proved mathematically that the controller satisfying these two propositions respectively can stabilize the underactuated attitude system locally or globally. The numerical simulations show that the improved controllers based on the H∞$H\infty$ theory could provide higher pointing accuracy for small satellites against disturbances. This validates the effectiveness of the proposed H∞$H\infty$ based approach to improve existing underactuated attitude control designs.     

对毫米波末制导雷达两点源干扰效能分析研究

毫米波末制导是精确制导的重要方式之一。首先分析了对毫米波末制导雷达的电子对抗原理,在此基础上分别建立了对毫米波末制导雷达的两点源相干干扰、非相干干扰和闪烁干扰的效能分析模型,并研究了各种干扰方式的作战运用。     

遗传算法综合阵列的幅度和相位方向图

分析了阵列方向图分别为对称、实的或实的且对称时所对应的单元激励关系,简要介绍了遗传算法,并将其用于阵列方向图综合.遗传算法是一种自适应全局优化概率搜索算法,它直接以目标函数作为搜索信息.通过合理地设计目标函数,遗传算法不仅可以综合幅度方向图,还可以综合相位,适合于需要进行幅度和相位补偿的情况,以及多目标的情况.最后,结合平顶波束方向图与抛物面天线初级馈源的正割平方方向图进行综合,证明了遗传算法的有效性和灵活性,说明使用遗传算法时尽量利用方向图的实的或对称特性,可以减少待优化变量的数目,加快收敛.并提出将传统遗传算法与传统方向图综合方法相结合,可以进一步减少得到最优解所需要的进化代数.     

弹道相机水平投影交会测量法的改进及精度分析

介绍弹道相机数据处理的水平投影交会测量法,提出了加权平均水平投影交会测量法,并分析了两种方法的交会精度,得出加权平均水平投影法可显著提高交会精度的结论。