复合材料层板固化全过程残余应变/应力的数值模拟

采用商业软件对带有铝板的复合材料层板固化全过程残余应变/应力进行数值模拟计算。在固化过程的模拟中,应用有限元法计算复合材料层板热-化学模型,有限差分法计算固化动力学模型,通过设置较小的时间步实现求解两个模型强耦合的关系。在残余应力数值模拟中,化学收缩引起的应变在每一计算步以初始应变施加在复合材料结构上。基于以上技术,对带有铝合金的复合材料层板固化全过程残余应变/应力演化进行数值模拟,并分析纤维方向和垂直纤维方向复合材料的残余应变/应力演化历程。通过与试验中层板曲率的比较,验证文中模型计算的准确性。     

红外反射材料In(Sn)2O3(ITO)的微波吸收性能

测试7.7vol%和15.8vol%In(Sn)2O3(ITO)/石蜡在2~18GHz的介电谱。测定10vol%和20vol%In(Sn)2O3(ITO)/环氧树脂在2~8GHz的反射率。结果显示,ITO材料具有很好的介电损耗。当涂层厚度d=3mm时,两种涂层分别在4.51GHz和6.27GHz有-10.5dB和-14dB的反射率。理论值显示,15.8vol%ITO/石蜡复合材料在4.56~11GHz的反射率低于-10dB,有好的吸波性能。同时分析ITO的介电损耗机理。     

难熔金属化合物掺杂对先驱体转化2D C/SiC复合材料抗氧化性能影响

提出在2D C/SiC复合材料基体中掺杂难熔金属化合物ZrB2,TaC,ZrC,制备了2D C/SiC-ZrB2,2D C/SiC-ZrC和2D C/SiC-TaC新型复合材料,考察了难熔金属化合物的引入对材料力学性能、抗氧化性能和微观结构的影响.结果表明,ZrB2和TaC的引入,能明显提高2DC/SiC复合材料的抗氧化性能;ZrC的引入对2D C/SiC复合材料的抗氧化性能极其不利.这归结于高温下ZrB2和TaC有助于在复合材料表层氧化形成ZrO2,B2O3和Ta2O5保护膜,阻止了材料内部的进一步氧化,从而提高了复合材料的抗氧化性能.     

Area-oriented coordinated trajectory planning of dual-arm space robot for capturing a tumbling target

The growing amount of space debris poses a threat to operational spacecraft and the long-term sustainability of activities in outer space. According to the orbital mechanics, an uncontrolled space object will be tumbling, bringing great challenge to capture and remove it. In this paper, a dual-arm coordinated ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"(AOC) method is proposed to capture a non-cooperative tumbling target. Firstly, the motion equation of the tumbling target is established, based on which, the dynamic properties are analyzed. Then, the ‘‘Area-Oriented Capture"concept is presented to deal with the problem of large pose(position and attitude) deviation and tumbling motion. An area rather than fixed points/devices is taken as the object to be tracked and captured. As long as the manipulators' end-effectors move to a specified range of the objective areas(not fixed points on the target, but areas), the target satellite will be hugged by the two arms.At last, the proposed method and the traditional method(i.e. fixed-point oriented capture method)are compared and analyzed through simulation. The results show that the proposed method has larger pose tolerance and takes shorter time for capturing a tumbling target.     

Predicting lean blow-off of bluffbody stabilized flames based on Damköhler number

Lean Blow-Off(LBO) prediction is important to propulsion system design. In this paper,a hybrid method combining numerical simulation and Da(Damk?hler) model is proposed based on bluffbody stabilized flames. In the simulated reacting flow, Practical Reaction Zone(PRZ) is built based on OH radical concentration, and it is considered to be the critical zone that controls LBO.Da number is obtained based on the volume-averaged parameters of PRZ. The flow time scale(s_f)indicates the residence time of the fresh mixture flowing through the PRZ. It is obtained based on the characteristic length and volume-averaged axial velocity of the PRZ. The chemical time scale(s_c) indicates the shortest time needed to trigger the reaction of the mixture. It is obtained by commercial software CHEMKIN through monitoring the transient variation of the reactor temperature. The result shows that the average Da number under different LBO conditions is 1.135(the Da number under each LBO condition ranges from 0.673 to 1.351). This indicates that the flow time scale and chemical time scale are comparable. The combustion is in a critical state where LBO is easy to occur. With the increase of the fuel mass flow rate(the global fuel/air ratio increases from 0.004761 to 0.01095), s_f increases from 0.001268 s to 0.007249 s, and s_c decreases from 0.00124 s to0.00089 s. Accordingly, Da number increases from 1.023 to 8.145, which shows that the combustion becomes more stable. The above results show that the method proposed in the present study can properly predict the LBO limits of combustors, which provides important technical supports for combustor design and optimization.     

仅用作航空器追踪的北斗机载设备适航要求分析

北斗卫星导航系统（简称北斗）在民用航空器中安装应用的前提是明确和符合北斗机载设备的适航要求。但由于全球定位系统（GPS）与北斗在星座结构、信号体制及功能上的不同，导致目前国际上全球卫星导航系统（GNSS）相关适航标准不适用于北斗设备。标准的缺失严重制约北斗民航产业发展，急需进行自主研究与制定。针对北斗在民用航空器中应用第一阶段的功能及场景，即仅用作航空器追踪，分析当前可参考标准的适用性，明确适航要求的制订策略及框架，综合考虑适航安全性、民航对北斗机载设备的紧迫需求，未来机载设备的发展方向，以及当前工业水平，提出一套仅用作航空器追踪的北斗机载设备适航要求，形成审定要素及评审要求，可支持工业方对适航标准的理解。     

GEO长寿命卫星热管在轨等温性能分析

热管是GEO长寿命卫星热控设计大量使用的重要传热元件，其在轨等温传热性能是影响卫星安全可靠工作的关键因素。针对中国在轨长期稳定运行的GEO长寿命卫星热管，基于热管在轨温度遥测数据，采用数理统计方法分析热管在轨等温性能随时间的实际变化规律，分析表明：GEO长寿命卫星热管在轨等温性能稳定性良好，等温性受热管自身温度水平影响较大，年周期内呈现季节性变化，全寿命周期内随飞行时间推移呈现性能衰减下降趋势，寿命末期等温性优于1.6℃，并从热管设计、热负荷大小与分布、使用环境等方面进行等温性改进分析及应用建议。     

配置点谱方法求解非均匀介质内辐射传热问题

发动机内的燃气等高温介质随着组分和浓度的变化，会引起折射率在空间上的非均匀分布，从而导致辐射能束沿着曲线传播，其相应的辐射传热过程也更为复杂。为了避免射线追踪方法的复杂计算、提高计算效率，本文提出了配置点谱方法求解二维非均匀介质内辐射传热问题。在求解过程中，角向采用离散坐标法处理，空间采用配置点谱方法处理。通过将三种非均匀介质内辐射传热问题的配置点谱方法结果与文献结果进行对比分析，发现配置点谱方法可以在较少的节点数下，获得准确、有效地计算结果。并且，采用配置点谱方法求解三种算例的计算时间均消耗较少，均在20分钟以内。这将为进一步开展发动机复杂结构内高温燃气辐射快速仿真提供基础。