WAKE GEOMETRY CALCULATIONS FOR TILT-ROTOR USING VISCOUS VORTEX METHOD

A tilt-rotor unsteady flow analytical method has been developed based upon viscous vortex-particle meth- od. In this method, the vorticity field is divided into small assembled vortex particles. Vortex motion and diffusion are obtained by solving the velocity-vorticity-formed incompressible Navier-Stokes equations using a grid-free La- grangian simulation method. Generation of the newly vortex particles is calculated by using the Weissinger-L lifting surface model. Furthermore, in order to significantly improve computational efficiency, a fast multiple method （FMM） is introduced into the calculation of induced velocity and its gradient. Finally, the joint vertical experimen- tal （JVX） tilt-rotor is taken as numerical examples to analyze. The wake geometry and downwash are investigated for both hover and airplane modes. The proposed method for tilt-rotor flow analysis is verified by comparing its re- sults with those available measured data. Comparison indicates that the current method can accurately capture the complicated tilt-rotor wake variation and be suitable for aerodynamic interaction simulation in complex environ- ments. Additionally, the aerodynamic interactional characteristics of dual-rotor wake are discussed in different ro- tor distance. Results show that there are significant differences on interactional characteristics between hover mode and airplane mode.     

海上小井眼脉冲空化射流发生器射流特性室内试验研究

为了经济地开发海上边际油气资源,将小井眼单通道井井身结构及水力脉冲空化射流提速技术相结合研制出了小尺寸(外径为120mm)水力脉冲空化射流发生器,并采用室内试验研究了其射流特性。分析了其在不同排量下的出口压力脉动频率、入出口压力脉动振幅、工具压耗等参数和自激振荡喷嘴的射流特性。研究表明,出口压力脉动频率与排量呈线性增大关系,入口及出口压力脉动振幅随排量增大而呈增大趋势,工具压耗与排量呈2次增大关系,自激振荡喷嘴能够产生负压和空化效应。     

军用无人直升机发展现状及运用研究进展

从国外和国内两个方面分析了无人直升机的现状、分类和发展趋势。立足空军现有直升机装备情况,总结了不同作战任务下无人直升机的使用问题,并对空军发展无人直升机的策略进行了初步探讨。     

考虑非理想噪声干扰的直升机飞行动力学模型辨识方法

利用MATLAB/SIMULINK平台搭建了直升机仿真实验系统,并以UH-60直升机为对象实现了考虑非理想噪声干扰的仿真飞行实验。建立了非理想噪声数学模型并基于增广最小二乘法设计 了一套同时考虑模型参数和噪声参数的综合辨识算法,在此基础上,利用仿真实验数据实现了UH-60直升机纵向飞行动力学模型的辨识与验证。最后,通过与普通最小二乘法的对比验证了本文方法的优越性。      

时变支承刚度对分流传动系统振动特性的影响

基于集中质量法,考虑时变啮合刚度、综合传递误差和齿侧间隙等因素的影响,建立了圆柱齿轮分流传动系统的弯扭耦合动力学模型和方程。采用变步长Runge-Kutta法,对动力学方程进行了数值求解;通过引入滚动轴承的支承刚度计算模型,分析了时变支承刚度和非时变支承刚度对系统振动特性的影响。仿真结果表明：当按照时变支承刚度模型计算时,轴承的支承刚度会产生4%左右的波动,输出轴上的横向振动位移幅值增大了约5%;支承刚度的时变性使得系统的非线性增强,稳定性变差;支承刚度的时变特性对分扭级动载系数影响较大,对并车级动载系数影响较小。     

Estimation of GPS instrumental biases from small scale network

With 4 GPS receivers located in the equatorial anomaly region in southeast China, this paper proposes a grid-based algorithm to determine the GPS satellites and receivers biases, and at the same time to derive the total electron content (TEC) with time resolution of 15 min and spatial resolution of 1° by 3.5° in latitude and longitude. By assuming that the TEC is identical at any point within a given grid block and the biases do not vary within a day, the algorithm arranges unknown biases and TECs with slant path TEC from the 4 receivers’ observations into a set of equations. Then the instrumental biases and the TECs are determined by using the least squares fitting technique. The performance of the method is examined by applying it to the GPS receiver chain observations selected from 16 geomagnetically quiet days in four seasons of 2006. It is found that the fitting agrees with the data very well, with goodness of fit ranging from 0.452 TECU to 1.914 TECU. Having a mean of 0.9 ns, the standard deviations for most of the GPS satellite biases are less than 1.0 ns for the 16 days. The GPS receiver biases are more stable than that of the GPS satellites. The standard deviation in the 4 receiver bias is from 0.370 ns to 0.855 ns, with a mean of 0.5 ns. Moreover, the instrumental biases are highly correlated with those derived from CODE and JPL with independent methods. The typical precision of the derived TEC is 5 TECU by a conservative estimation. These results indicate that the proposed algorithm is valid and qualified for small scale GPS network.     

基于分段化结构重建的2D/3D视频转换方法

为了缓解3D片源的不足,设计了一种分段化结构重建方法为视频2D/3D转换提供深度线索.采用分层提取的方式,将视频基于内容分解为子序列,在每个子序列中建立优化准则选择出处于非退化状态的关键帧,并以此为基础提出了分段化结构重建框架,利用改进的耦合自标定算法重构出每个子序列对应的离散3D结构信息,从而获取视频的深度线索.实验结果表明,该方法通过分段化后的局部优化,不仅使结构化重建能够有效处理多场景下的连续镜头,还加快了转换的效率,能够稳定、高效地获取深度信息,适用于视频2D/3D转换.      

气动负载模拟器的多余力矩分析

为了分析气动负载模拟器中多余力的形成及影响因素,介绍了气动负载模拟器的工作原理、结构框图及实验平台,推导了气动负载模拟器的数学模型,并通过实验和仿真对比模型进行了验证。采用线性化方法定性分析了影响气动负载模拟器多余力的3个因素——被动压差、惯性力矩以及摩擦力矩。采用非线性仿真定量分析了该3个因素分别对气动负载模拟器的多余力矩的影响。得出了在气动伺服加载系统中,摩擦力矩是引起系统多余力矩的重要因素。     

基于流动控制的水下航行体流体动力特性分析

利用CFX对水下航行体流体动力特性进行了数值模拟研究.求解了混合介质的剪切压力输运湍流模型控制方程、雷诺-平均奈维尔-斯托克斯方程以及各相间的质量输运方程,采用三维数值模拟方法对比分析了不同流动控制方案的水下航行体空泡形态特征、表面压力分布和阻力系数变化特性,讨论了不同参数对减阻效果的影响.结果表明,对于有横流作用的水下垂直发射航行体,多相流动控制不仅可以降低通气空泡的不对称性和航行体阻力,同时可以均匀迎流面和背流面压力,从而实现航行体多相流空泡形态及表面压力特性等的控制.此外,通气口的位置对减阻效果具有显著影响.