空间交会中多圈Lambert变轨算法研究

用两个位置和飞行时间来决定轨道的问题 ,即Gauss问题 ,是航天动力学中的一个基本问题。而Lambert交会问题是Gauss问题在航天器空间交会领域的具体化。文中提出了一种新的算法 ,解决了航天器多圈Lambert变轨的求解问题 ,由此来寻求在飞行时间较长的情况下 ,航天器的Lambert交会燃料最优轨道 ;并由算例验证了这种算法的正确性和鲁棒性     

伪卫星增强的北斗双星定位系统及其算法的研究

提出了使用伪卫星来增强北斗系统的方案,并研究了此系统的定位原理和几何布局。仿真结果表明,此方案是可行的,能够独立实现实时、高精度的无源定位,为发展区域定位系统提供了一种成本相对较低的新思路。     

空间目标纯测角相对定位方法

探讨了利用多个传感器上同步收集的角度观测信息,使用带有差分-自校准方法的推广卡尔曼滤波器来进行空间目标相对定位的可行性。仿真结果表明该方法实时性强,收敛速度快,误差估计精确,具有很好的应用前景。     

印刷线路板设计参数对镀通孔可靠性的影响

基于镀通孔(PTH, Plated Through-Hole)应力分布模型,定量地研究了PTH线路板厚度与PTH直径之比(高径比)、PTH半径与镀层厚度之比、线路板有效作用半径与PTH半径之比等几何设计参数以及线路板玻璃化温度对PTH镀层应变及寿命的影响.通过引入等效温度载荷,给出了不同玻璃化温度下的应力分布模型.研究表明,在屈服温度载荷附近时,PTH应变和寿命对几何尺寸非常敏感.在固定线路板有效作用半径与PTH半径之比后,PTH高径比影响较为明显.对于一定厚度的线路板,PTH半径越小,镀层最大应变越大,寿命越低.在玻璃化温度以上,应变急剧增加.研究还表明应变集中系数并非固定不变,而是在弹性和塑性范围内有所变化.      

MEMS陀螺随机漂移在线补偿技术

为了提高微机电系统(MEMS,Micro Electro Mechanical System)陀螺测量的精度,提出了一种陀螺随机漂移的在线补偿方法.在静态时在线建立随机漂移的自回归滑动平均(ARMA,Auto Regressive Moving Average)模型,并针对随机漂移模型随时间慢变的特性,引入虚拟噪声补偿技术加以补偿.针对载体运动状况的未知性,建立机动角速率模型.在此基础上采用自适应卡尔曼滤波技术对随机漂移和角速率进行实时估计.通过试验表明:随机漂移模型、角速率模型以及滤波算法能够满足姿态测量系统的动态应用需要,且姿态测量精度较补偿前有了显著的提高.     

纵向过载环境下变质量欧拉梁动特性分析方法

过载是火箭的真实环境.考虑纵向过载环境,根据Hamilton变分原理,得到了欧拉梁变系数横向自由振动微分方程,证明了该变系数系统存在满足刚度和质量正交条件的本征解,揭示了纵向过载环境下欧拉梁本征函数的非对称性.用本征向量叠加方法和改进欧拉中点直接积分算法求解了该变系数系统的动态响应,二者结果的一致性说明该理论推导的正确性和方法的可行性.     

Chlorella vulgaris culture as a regulator of CO2 in a bioregenerative life support system

It is the primary task for a bioregenerative life support system (BLSS) to maintain the stable concentrations of CO₂ and O₂. However, these concentrations could fluctuate based on various factors, such as the imbalance between respiration/assimilation quotients of the heterotrophic and autotrophic components. They can even be out of balance through catastrophic failure of higher plants in the emergency conditions. In this study, the feasibility of using unicellular Chlorella vulgaris of typically rapid growth as both “compensatory system” and “regulator” to control the balance of CO₂ and O₂ was analyzed in a closed ecosystem. For this purpose, a small closed ecosystem called integrative experimental system (IES) was established in our laboratory where we have been conducting multi-biological life support system experiments (MLSSE). The IES consists of a closed integrative cultivating system (CICS) and a plate photo-bioreactor. Four volunteers participated in the study for gas exchange by periodical breathing through a tube connected with the CICS. The plate photo-bioreactor was used to cultivate C. vulgaris. Results showed that the culture of C. vulgaris could be used in a situation of catastrophic failure of higher plant under the emergencies. And the productivity could recover itself to the original state in 3 to 5 days to protect the system till the higher plant was renewed. Besides, C. vulgaris could grow well and the productivity could be affected by the light intensity which could help to keep the balance of CO₂ and O₂ in the IES efficiently. Thus, C. vulgaris could be included in the design of a BLSS as a “compensatory system” in the emergency contingency and a “regulator” during the normal maintenance.     

Solar energetic particle events during the rise phases of solar cycles 23 and 24

We present a comparative study of the properties of coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and flares associated with the solar energetic particle (SEP) events in the rising phases of solar cycles (SC) 23 (1996–1998) (22 events) and 24 (2009–2011) (20 events), which are associated with type II radio bursts. Based on the SEP intensity, we divided the events into three categories, i.e. weak (intensity < 1 pfu), minor (1 pfu < intensity < 10 pfu) and major (intensity ? 10 pfu) events. We used the GOES data for the minor and major SEP events and SOHO/ERNE data for the weak SEP event. We examine the correlation of SEP intensity with flare size and CME properties. We find that most of the major SEP events are associated with halo or partial halo CMEs originating close to the sun center and western-hemisphere. The fraction of halo CMEs in SC 24 is larger than the SC 23. For the minor SEP events one event in SC23 and one event in SC24 have widths < 120° and all other events are associated with halo or partial halo CMEs as in the case of major SEP events. In case of weak SEP events, majority (more than 60%) of events are associated with CME width < 120°. For both the SC the average CMEs speeds are similar. For major SEP events, average CME speeds are higher in comparison to minor and weak events. The SEP event intensity and GOES X-ray flare size are poorly correlated. During the rise phase of solar cycle 23 and 24, we find north–south asymmetry in the SEP event source locations: in cycle 23 most sources are located in the south, whereas during cycle 24 most sources are located in the north. This result is consistent with the asymmetry found with sunspot area and intense flares.     

考虑能量最优的集群航天器避碰规划

针对传统集群聚集算法在航天器集群规划应用中存在燃料消耗大、不均衡以及耗时过长等问题,提出了向心聚集的能量最优聚类避碰算法。该算法首先基于集群相对运动方程与有限时间的能量最优模型,建立了自适应的向心聚集的能量最优模型;在此基础上,对于耗时较长且碰撞的问题,提出一种基于能量最优的聚类避碰算法,以模块间安全距离矢量作为避碰约束,将能量消耗作为聚类算法指标进行改进。仿真验证表明,该算法可以自适应选取集群聚类的中心,有效避免碰撞,减少集群聚集总能量的消耗以及模块间能量消耗的不均衡性,使得工质消耗达到全局最优,且耗时仅有常规遗传算法的万分之一。该算法为集群快速安全聚集提供了思路。     

使用波导模型研究“长空一号”靶机喷气式发动机进气道的雷达反射特性

本文采用波导模型模拟发动机进气道,计算和实验测量了截面积为10×10厘米~2的矩形波导的RCS值,两者结果基本相符。通过这一方法,计算了“长空一号”靶机进气道的RCS值,与地面静态测量比较,结果令人满意。这样,对于复杂的喷气式飞机目标,其机头和机尾的RCS值就可通过波导模型的模拟来修正。