The GFZ real-time GNSS precise positioning service system and its adaption for COMPASS

Motivated by the IGS real-time Pilot Project, GFZ has been developing its own real-time precise positioning service for various applications. An operational system at GFZ is now broadcasting real-time orbits, clocks, global ionospheric model, uncalibrated phase delays and regional atmospheric corrections for standard PPP, PPP with ambiguity fixing, single-frequency PPP and regional augmented PPP. To avoid developing various algorithms for different applications, we proposed a uniform algorithm and implemented it into our real-time software. In the new processing scheme, we employed un-differenced raw observations with atmospheric delays as parameters, which are properly constrained by real-time derived global ionospheric model or regional atmospheric corrections and by the empirical characteristics of the atmospheric delay variation in time and space. The positioning performance in terms of convergence time and ambiguity fixing depends mainly on the quality of the received atmospheric information and the spatial and temporal constraints. The un-differenced raw observation model can not only integrate PPP and NRTK into a seamless positioning service, but also syncretize these two techniques into a unique model and algorithm. Furthermore, it is suitable for both dual-frequency and sing-frequency receivers. Based on the real-time data streams from IGS, EUREF and SAPOS reference networks, we can provide services of global precise point positioning (PPP) with 5–10 cm accuracy, PPP with ambiguity-fixing of 2–5 cm accuracy, PPP using single-frequency receiver with accuracy of better than 50 cm and PPP with regional augmentation for instantaneous ambiguity resolution of 1–3 cm accuracy. We adapted the system for current COMPASS to provide PPP service. COMPASS observations from a regional network of nine stations are used for precise orbit determination and clock estimation in simulated real-time mode, the orbit and clock products are applied for real-time precise point positioning. The simulated real-time PPP service confirms that real-time positioning services of accuracy at dm-level and even cm-level is achievable with COMPASS only.     

可压缩流动转捩的迭代求解

本文叙述了高速可压缩边办流动稳定性和转捩点预报的数值计算方法，特别是Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ反迭代法与边界层渐近匹配方法的配合，有效地提高了计算精度，节省了存储和计算时间，本文给出的评定界层第一模式的稳定性分析和转捩区数值预报结果，与已有的实验结果一致。     

小型化高床载过氧化氢整体式催化剂床研究

通过理论分析和试验对一种新型整体式层板催化剂床进行了研究。设计了催化剂床流道结构并对催化剂床的加工工艺进行了初步研究。热试车结果表明，催化剂床性能良好，最高床载可达16．5g／（cm^2·s），分解效率96％，室压粗糙度小于±2％，催化剂床累计工作寿命大于455s，性能未出现下降趋势。     

工程知识管理系统模型研究

针对工程知识管理系统模型多样化的现状,从需求、功能和应用三个方面论述了对工程知识管理系统模型的理解和认识以及需求、功能及应用模型的含义和组成。提出工程知识管理系统模型由知识需求、系统功能和知识应用构成。在工程知识管理系统模型的基础上,成功设计开发出工程知识管理系统实例,并在航天企业中形成了一定规模的应用。     

Web服务组合处理系统的研究与实现

单个Web服务难以满足实际应用的需求,为了解决互联网应用的集成和协作问题,需要把独立的Web服务组合起来以实现复杂的业务逻辑功能.通过分析服务组合的处理机制,基于传统工作流技术,使用IBM的WSFL语言作为服务组合描述语言,设计并实现了一个面向Web服务组合语言的通用的Web服务组合处理系统.这是一个多层结构的系统,它由Web服务平台、服务组合处理引擎、JMX注册管理中心、远程管理控制台以及处理引擎配置工具五部分构成;它为WSFL语言所描述的服务组合流程提供了一个运行引擎,同时提供了一个基于JMX的管理控制台,通过它可以对正在运行的流程实例以及历史数据进行控制和管理.该系统为基于Web服务的应用集成和协作提供了一个统一的运行管理环境.     

二维翼型绕流的CE/SE方法

采用时空守恒元和解元CE/SE(space-time Conservation Element and Solution Element method)法,求解二维Euler方程,开展了翼型绕流的无粘数值模拟研究.用非敏感克朗数计算格式消除克朗数过小引起的数值耗散对解的污染,结合当地时间步长法,解决网格不均匀引起的当地克朗数变化跨度大的问题.对NACA0012翼型的无激波流场进行了二维数值模拟,并与AGARD算例做了对比.结果表明:CE/SE方法的计算结果与AGARD结果吻合得很好,为该数值计算方法对翼型绕流数值模拟的进一步应用奠定了基础.      

THEMIS Ground-Based Magnetometers

The THEMIS mission includes a comprehensive ground-based measurement network that adds two additional dimensions to the information gained in the night magnetosphere by the five THEMIS spacecraft. This network provides necessary correlative data on the strength and extent of events, enables their onsets to be accurately timed, and provides an educational component in which students have an active participation in the program. This paper describes the magnetometers installed to obtain these ground-based North American magnetic measurements, including the magnetometers installed as part of the educational effort, and the support electronics provided by UCLA for the ground-based observatories. These magnetometers measure the Earth’s magnetic field with high resolution, and with precise timing provided by the Global Positioning System. They represent UCLA’s next generation of low-cost, ground-based magnetometers using an inexpensive personal computer for data collection, storage and distribution. These systems can be used in a stand-alone mode requiring only AC power. If there is Internet connectivity, they can be configured to provide near real-time data over the web. These data are provided at full resolution to the entire scientific community over the web with minimal delay.     

实现柔性机翼后缘形状变化的综合优化(英文)

Adaptive wings have long used smooth morphing technique of compliant leading and trailing edge to improve their aerodynamic characteristics. This paper introduces a systematic approach to design compliant structures to carry out required shape changes under distributed pressure loads. In order to minimize the deviation of the deformed shape from the target shape, this method uses MATLAB and ANSYS to optimize the distributed compliant mechanisms by way of the ground approach and genetic algorithm （GA） to remove the elements possessive of very low stresses. In the optimization process, many factors should be considered such as airloads, input displacements, and geometric nonlinearities. Direct search method is used to locally optimize the dimension and input displacement after the GA optimization. The resultant structure could make its shape change from 0 to 9.3 degrees. The experimental data of the model confirms the feasibility of this approach.     

Exploring for natural gas using reflectance spectra of surface soils

Reflectance spectra in the visible and near-infrared wavelengths provide a rapid and inexpensive means for determining the mineralogy of samples and obtaining information on chemical composition. Hydrocarbon microseepage theory establishes a cause-and-effect relation between oil and gas reservoirs and some special surface anomalies, which mainly include surface hydrocarbon microseepage and related alterations. Therefore, we can explore for oil, gas by determining reflectance spectra of surface anomalies. This idea has been applied to the R&D project of exploring for natural gas in Qinghai province of China using NASA EO-1 satellite with the Hyperion sensor (June 2005 to June 2006). In this project, in order to improve the accuracy of exploration targets of natural gas mapped in the field studied, an integrated practical system of exploration of oil and gas was built by the analysis of not only hyperspectral remote sensing data but also data provided from field work. In this paper, our efforts were focused on the analysis of the 799 reflectance spectra provided from the field work. In order to properly define the typical form of hydrocarbon microseepage with spectroscopy and fulfill the data analysis, it was necessary to build a spectral model. In this spectral model the most important features of hydrocarbon microseepage in the surface of our study area, i.e., diagnostic spectral macroscopic features and diagnostic spectral absorption features, were proposed and extracted, respectively. The distribution of coexisting anomalies, which results from both alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, is estimated by the diagnostic macroscopic features mainly using Spectral Angle Mapper (SAM) classifier. On the other hand, the diagnostic absorption features of two main absorption bands presented abundant local information, based on deep analysis of which, we are able to map the anomalies of alteration minerals and hydrocarbons, respectively. Additionally, a general framework of analysis and key classification algorithms applied to the Hyperion data have been introduced briefly. In our work, three exploration targets of natural gas were identified from the study area which covers 2100 km². In the three exploration targets, three wildcats have been drilled by China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC) since July 2006, and all the three wells have been proven some industrial reserves.