Ultra-lightweight space power from hybrid thin-film solar cells

The development of hybrid inorganic/organic thin-film solar cells on flexible, lightweight, space-qualified, durable substrates provides an attractive solution for space power generation with high mass specific power (W/kg). The high-volume, low-cost fabrication potential of organic cells will allow for square miles of solar cell production at one-tenth the cost of conventional inorganic materials. Plastic solar cells take a minimum of storage space and can be inflated or unrolled for deployment. We explore a cross-section of NASA in-house and sponsored research efforts that aim to provide new hybrid technologies that include both inorganic and polymer materials as active and substrate materials. For NASA applications, any solar cell or array technology must not only meet weight and AMO efficiency goals, but also must be durable enough to survive launch and space environments. Also, balance of system technologies must be developed to take advantage of ultra-lightweight solar arrays in power generation systems.     

巡航导弹可折叠弹翼支架中驱动装置工作状态的分析与研究

根据巡航导弹可折叠弹翼支架中驱动装置的工作条件,分析了不同安装形式的受力状态,指出现有机构的不足之处,提出了新的设计方案和实施新方案的具体措施,并对新方案中驱动装置的行程变化状况和动力特性进行了较为详细的分析。     

Layer-oriented Element Integration Algorithm of Conformal Perfectly Matched Layer

As an efficient artificial truncating boundary condition, conformal perfectly matched layer (CPML) is a kind of multilayer anisotropic absorbing media. To reduce computing effort of CPML, this article proposes a layer-oriented element integration algorithm. In this algorithm, the relative dielectric constant and permeability are considered as constants for each the very thin monolayer of CPML, and the element integration of multilayer along the normal direction is substituted by the element integration of monolayer. The CPML is divided into multilayer elements, whose element matrixes are evaluated by monolayer integration. Numerical examples show that the layer-oriented element integration algorithm is reliable and the CPML formed with this algorithm possesses high-efficient absorbing performance.     

发动机喘振裕度自适应控制

本文研究飞行 /推进系统一体化控制中的发动机喘振裕度自适应控制。通过一定的控制作用 ,使发动机在所有飞行条件和工况下都保持一定的喘振裕度 ,从而充分发挥发动机的潜力。将发动机大偏差模型、进气道及飞机模型综合在一起 ,构成飞机 /推进系统一体化数学模型 ,以进行发动机自适应控制的仿真。计算机仿真表明 ,发动机自适应控制具有很好的性能效益 ,例如在飞行高度 H=10公里 ,飞机由 Ma=0 .65加速到 Ma=0 .90 ,在采用自适应喘振裕度控制后 ,双发动机推力提高 16 ,飞机加速时间缩短 2 3 ,大大提高了飞机性能。     

Low cost planetary exploration: surrey lunar minisatellite and interplanetary platform missions

In order to meet the growing global requirement for affordable missions beyond Low Earth Orbit, two types of platform are under design at the Surrey Space Centre. The first platform is a derivative of Surrey's UoSAT-12 minisatellite, launched in April 1999 and operating successfully in-orbit. The minisatellite has been modified to accommodate a propulsion system capable of delivering up to 1700 m/s delta-V, enabling it to support a wide range of very low cost missions to LaGrange points, Near-Earth Objects, and the Moon. A mission to the Moon - dubbed “MoonShine” - is proposed as the first demonstration of the modified minisatellite beyond LEO. The second platform - Surrey's Interplanetary Platform - has been designed to support missions with delta-V requirements up to 3200 m/s, making it ideal for low cost missions to Mars and Venus, as well as Near Earth Objects (NEOs) and other interplanetary trajectories. Analysis has proved mission feasibility, identifying key challenges in both missions for developing cost-effective techniques for: spacecraft propulsion; navigation; autonomous operations; and a reliable safe mode strategy. To reduce mission risk, inherently failure resistant lunar and interplanetary trajectories are under study. In order to significantly reduce cost and increase reliability, both platforms can communicate with low-cost ground stations and exploit Surrey's experience in autonomous operations. The lunar minisatellite can provide up to 70 kg payload margin in lunar orbit for a total mission cost US$16–25 M. The interplanetary platform can deliver 20 kg of scientific payload to Mars or Venus orbit for a mission cost US$25–50 M. Together, the platforms will enable regular flight of payloads to the Moon and interplanetary space at unprecedented low cost. This paper outlines key systems engineering issues for the proposed Lunar Minisatellite and interplanetary Platform Missions, and describes the accommodation and performance offered to planetary payloads.     

旋转式战术导弹马格努斯效应的实验研究

本文介绍了旋转弹在低速风洞中 Magnus 效应的实验研究结果。通过不同组合体的实验,如光弹,“一”字型前翼+强身,弹身+“十”字型尾翼,“一”字型前翼+弹身+“十”字型尾翼,分别研究了旋转对弹纵向气动特性的影响及弹的 Magnus 效应特性。     

空舰导弹纯方位攻击目标指示优化方法

纯方位攻击是中远程空舰导弹适应复杂电磁环境下作战的有效途径,但由于目标距离信息缺失,其目标指示和火控解算问题难以解决.在分析机载传感器方位角量化误差的基础上,提出了基于机载传感器方位角速度测量的目标参数优化估计方法,对优化前后的误差进行了分析和对比;从机载无源雷达和全向告警器两个途径分析了所提出优化方法的定位精度分布情况.仿真结果表明:该方法的定位误差受目标方位与机载传感器量化误差的共同影响,存在误差发散区域.在此基础上,提出纯方位攻击条件下载机机动优化的策略是对目标定位误差发散区域进行规避,并尽可能远离该区域.     

电站典型大滞后过程自适应预估控制器设计及应用

电站典型大滞后过程难于控制的原因在于其大滞后本身导致系统不稳定及锅炉负荷频繁变化导致的参数时变特性。本文设计了一种模型参考自适应预估控制算法,引入二阶惯性与时间滞后两个补偿器,其主要参数如增益、时间常数和滞后时间均可在线自适应调整,致使过程与参考模型时刻匹配。该算法已应用于电站200 MW锅炉机组再热汽温过程控制,控制精度达到2℃以内。     

模块化设计带来的新理念

刀具预调测量仪(简称刀调仪)是高档数控机床必须配备的机外调整和检测数控刀具的量仪.把繁杂费时的精调和检测刀具的工作放在价值相对较低的刀调仪上完成,可以最大限度地减少高档数控机床的停机时间,提高其加工效率,从而产生出最大的效能和经济效益.使用了刀调仪,就能在使用前知道刀具的参数,避免或减少机床撞刀的危险,减少机床的试切次数,从而保证了加工质量,缩短了辅助时间,并有可能实现刀具管理的现代化.     

半创成式汽车底盘零件CAPP系统

根据集成化和实用化的设计思想,针对汽车产品零件系列化、标准化程度较高,且以大批量流水线生产为主的特点,建立并开发了以典型工艺派生为主,以局部创成为辅的集成化CAPP系统。本文介绍了系统的结构模型和过程模型,重点论述了基于典型工艺的半创成式工艺设计方法,并给出了应用实例。