高空飞艇螺旋桨驱动电机分析

高空飞艇的一些概念设计中采用电动机驱动螺旋桨的电推进系统,对该系统中电 动机的关键技术进行分析,为高空飞艇螺旋桨驱动电机的研制提供参考。针对高空飞艇的电 源和不同电动机的特点,分析了螺旋桨驱动电机应首选稀土永磁无刷直流电动机。根据高空 飞艇对螺旋桨的推力要求,分析了满足螺旋桨驱动需求的驱动电机的额定参数确定。结合高 空环境的特点,从材料选择、轴承润滑和电机温升等方面对驱动电动机的高空适应性设计进 行了探讨。稀土永磁无刷直流电动机驱动螺旋桨的地面试验表明所设计的电动机样机具有高 效率,能够满足螺旋桨驱动需求。
     

碳/环氧编织复合材料热膨胀特性分析

采用理论与试验相结合的方法,研究了碳/环氧三维编织复合材料的热膨胀特性。通过试验方法获得了不同规格的三维编织复合材料在编织方向的热膨胀系数,并基于均匀化理论建立了编织材料热弹性性能的分析方法,对数值结果与试验值进行了比较。研究表明,三维编织复合材料在编织方向上具有典型的负膨胀特性;与三维四向编织结构复合材料相比,三维五向编织结构复合材料具有较小的负膨胀系数;三维编织复合材料编织方向的负膨胀系数随着纤维体积含量的增大而减小,随着编织角的增大而增大;基于均匀化理论的热弹性数值分析方法可有效地预报三维编织复合材料的等效热膨胀系数,数值计算值与试验结果吻合较好。     

最差用户位置算法研究与仿真分析

在计算Galileo卫星导航系统空间信号误差(SISE)、空间信号精度(SI-SA)和空间信号监测精度(SISMA)时需要用到的一个关键参数——最差用户位置(WUL)。WUL表示空间信号的轨道误差在卫星覆盖域内所导致的伪距误差最大的位置,WUL的确定可以帮助系统向用户提供正确可靠的SISA、SISMA和完好性标志(IF)等完好性信息,对提高系统的可靠性和可用性具有非常重要的意义。WUL的算法主要有两种:临界圆法和网格搜索法。详细介绍两种算法的基本原理与计算流程,比较两种算法的结果,并基于全球和区域完好性监测的概念对二者进行分析评价。     

新型升力再入飞船返回舱气动外形选型研究

未来低成本天地往返运输系统的气动外形设计的总体要求是升阻比高、机动性强、稳定性好、过载低、空间大、可重复使用等。结合国内技术水平和国外经验教训,提出了我国未来新型升力再入飞船返回舱的总体气动需求,采用平面斜切二次曲线构造截面的模线设计方法,设计了四种满足长度、截面尺寸和容积等总体需求的返回舱布局方案。利用基于牛顿理论的气动力工程方法对气动特性进行预测,利用气动力与六自由度弹道的耦合计算研究返回舱无控再入飞行特性。研究表明,所设计的返回舱外形高超声速稳定配平升阻比大于0.9,阻力系数大于0.5,法向过载低于2.5,具有较好的静动稳定性,具备可部分重复使用的潜力。     

深空条件下航天器内的辐射环境研究

深空存在具有各种能量分布的粒子,这些能量分布范围很宽的粒子构成了深空环境下航天器外部的空间辐射环境。深空条件下的高能粒子会穿透航天器舱壁材料,通过射线与物质材料的相互作用,在航天器内产生二次粒子,形成由初级粒子、次级粒子叠加的混合辐射场的辐射环境。文章分析研究了高能α粒子及Fe离子在屏蔽材料中的输运过程,得到了在这些介质中的射程与能量关系及产生的二次粒子产额,为控制航天器内的辐射环境提供支撑。     

非规则LDPC码译码量化问题研究

对应用于国家数字电视地面传输标准的非规则LDPC码的log-BP译码算法实现中的量化问题进行研究,针对三种不同的编码效率的码字,对接收数据和中间变量进行均匀和变精度量化方案设计,并在高斯信道上仿真。通过对误码率和译码硬件复杂度两方面的对比和优化,得出了标准采用的LDPC码log-BP算法量化的实用性结论,作为硬件实现及其他应用的重要依据和参考。进一步指出对中间变量采用“变精度量化”方案,可使误码率非常接近无量化处理。     

瞬态测温传感技术研究进展

随着科学和经济的发展,温度测量技术被越来越广泛地研究和应用,各领域对于测量精度和准确度的要求也越来越高。其中,对瞬态温度的获取引起了研究人员的重点关注,快速响应温度传感器也因此成为了研究热点和发展趋势。总结目前瞬态温度传感器的技术研究和领域应用现状,并在此基础上对未来的温度传感器技术发展方向作出展望。     

An Elasto-plastic Damage Constitutive Theory Based on Pair Functional Potentials and Slip Mechanism

 The deformation work rate can be expressed by the time rate of pair functional potentials which describe the energy of mate-rials in terms of atomic bonds and atom embedding interactions. According to Cauchy-Born rule, the relations between the microscopic deformations of atomic bonds and electron gas and macroscopic deformation are established. Further, atomic bonds are grouped according to their directions, and atomic bonds in the same direction are simplified as a spring-bundle component. Atom embedding interactions in unit reference volume are simplified as a cubage component. Consequently, a material model composed of spring-bundle components and a cubage component is established. Since the essence of damage is the decrease and loss of atomic bonding forces, the damage effect can be reflected by the response functions of these two kinds of compo-nents. Formulating the mechanical responses of two kinds of components, the corresponding elasto-damage constitutive equa-tions are derived. Considering that slip is the main plastic deformation mechanism of polycrystalline metals, the slip systems of crystal are extended to polycrystalline, and the slip components are proposed to describe the plastic deformation. Based on the decomposition of deformation gradient and combining the plastic response with the elasto-damage one, the elasto-plastic dam-age constitutive equations are derived. As a result, a material model formulated with spring-bundle components, a cubage component and slip components is established. Different from phenomenological constitutive theories, the mechanical property of materials depends on the property of components rather than that directly obtained on the representative volume element. The effect of finite deformation is taken into account in this model. Parameter calibration procedure and the basic characteris-tics of this model are discussed.     

全状态受限的高超声速飞行器的预定性能滤波反步控制

针对气动参数不确定和状态受限的高超声速飞行器的稳定跟踪控制问题，提出基于固定时间干扰观测器的预定性能滤波反步控制策略。首先，在反步控制的每一步中引入障碍Lyapunov函数，保证系统状态满足预先设定的约束要求。其次，设计固定时间干扰观测器对综合不确定进行估计；同时，构造新型的一阶滤波器避免传统反步控制的"计算爆炸"问题。再次，基于Lyapunov稳定性理论证明输出跟踪误差有界且状态满足约束要求。最后，通过对比仿真验证控制策略的有效性。     

Trajectory Planning Algorithm Based on Quaternion for 6-DOF Aircraft Wing Automatic Position and Pose Adjustment Method

 A 6-degree of freedom (6-DOF) aircraft wing position and pose automatic adjustment method is presented to improve ARJ21 wing-fuselage connection precision and efficiency. Wing position and pose are adjusted by three pillars which are driven by six high-precision servo motors. During the adjustment process, wing is tracked and positioned by laser tracker. Wing initial posi-tion and pose are calibrated by using the measurement coordinates of assembly reference points. Wing target position and pose are calculated according to wing initial, fuselage position and pose, and relative position and pose requirements between wing and fuselage for the connection. Combining Newton-Euler method with quaternion position and pose analyzing method, the inverse kinematics of servo motors, together with the adjustment system dynamics is obtained. Wing quintic polynomial trajec-tory planning algorithm based on quaternion is proposed; the initial, target position and pose need to be solved and the inter-mediate moving path is uncertain. Simulation results show that the adjustment method has good dynamic characteristics and satisfies engineering requirements. Preliminary engineering application indicates that ARJ21 wing adjustment efficiency and precision are improved by using the proposed method.