CFM56系列发动机高压涡轮面向维修的设计改进分析

分析了主动间隙控制活门漏油、高压涡轮叶片榫头裂纹、高压涡轮叶片腐蚀和高压涡轮冷却部件堵塞等四个典型故障的解决方法,总结出高压涡轮主动间隙控制系统、高压涡轮叶片、高压涡轮导向器及高压涡轮罩环的设计改进措施,为我国设计出维修性好和性能高的大涵道比涡扇发动机的高压涡轮提供了参考。     

Formability enhancement in hot spinning of titanium alloy thin-walled tube via prediction and control of ductile fracture

The damage and fracture in hot spinning of titanium alloy is a very complex process under the combined effects of microstructure evolution and stress state. In this study, their dependences on processing parameters were investigated by an integrated FE model considering microstructure and damage evolution, and revealing the effects of microstructure and stress states on damage evolution. The results show that the inner surface of workpiece with the largest voids volume fraction is the place with...     

弱模型依赖通用智能姿态控制技术

超高速跨域飞行、敏捷机动等是新一代飞行器发展方向,而长时高速飞行产生的气动外形变化带来的气动参数大范围改变等问题,都对控制系统设计提出了更高的要求。为提高飞行器对模型不确定性的适应能力及控制方法对不同外形、复合执行机构的通用性,深入研究了弱模型依赖的通用智能姿态控制技术,分层次地开展了基于深度学习(DL)的自适应姿态控制、基于深度确定性策略梯度算法(DDPG)的通用姿态控制、弱模型依赖的多维复合控制等技术研究,显著提高了控制系统的鲁棒性和通用性,对人工智能技术在飞行器姿态控制中的应用具有一定的指导意义。     

Detached-eddy simulation of supersonic flow past a spike-tipped blunt nose

Space vehicle in atmosphere travels mostly at supersonic speed and generates a very strong bow shockwave around its blunt nose. Oblique shock and conical separated flow zone generated by a forward disk-tip spike significantly reduce the drag by reducing the high pressure area on the blunt nose. This study employs improved delayed detached eddy simulation to investigate the characteristic flow structures around a spike-tipped blunt nose at Mach number of 3 and Reynolds number(based on the blunt-body diameter) of 2.72x10~8. The calculated time-averaged quantities agree well with experimental data. Characteristic frequencies in different flow regions are extracted using fast Fourier transform. It is found that two distinct instability modes exist: oscillation mode and pulsation mode. The former is related to the foreshock/turbulence interaction with nondimensional frequency at around 0.004. The latter corresponds to the interaction between turbulence and shock structures around the blunt nose, with a typical coherent structure shedding frequency at 0.092.     

国外空间激光通信技术的发展现状与趋势

为了满足日益增长的大数据量、高速数据传输速率的需求，NASA、ESA、JAXA等航天机构正在开启空间激光通信技术的时代。各国纷纷在GEO-LEO、LEO-LEO、LEO-地面，以及地-月等不同轨道验证了激光通信终端的在轨性能。介绍了国外开展的激光通信技术演示验证试验情况，重点介绍了以月球激光通信演示验证试验（LLCD）为代表的深空激光通信技术，以及以半导体星间链路为代表的星间激光通信技术。通过阐述国外激光通信技术的发展现状，分析了激光通信技术的未来发展趋势。期望通过该技术的研究，对我国激光通信技术的发展提供参考借鉴。     

A model-based prognostics method for fatigue crack growth in fuselage panels

This paper proposes a model-based prognostics method that couples the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) and a new developed linearization method. The proposed prognostics method is developed in the context of fatigue crack propagation in fuselage panels where the model parameters are unknown and the crack propagation is affected by different types of uncertainties. The coupled method is composed of two steps. The first step employs EKF to estimate the unknown model parameters and the current damage state. In the second step, the proposed efficient linearization method is applied to compute analytically the statistical distribution of the damage evolution path in some future time. A numerical case study is implemented to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results show that the coupled EKF-linearization method provides satisfactory results: the EKF algorithm well identifies the model parameters, and the linearization method gives comparable prediction results to Monte Carlo (MC) method while leading to very significant computational cost saving. The proposed prognostics method for fatigue crack growth can be used for developing predictive maintenance strategy for an aircraft fleet, in which case, the computational cost saving is significantly meaningful.     

固体运载火箭抗强电磁脉冲优化设计方法

本文分析了火箭在飞行过程中的强电磁脉冲(EMP)环境，建立了箭上敏感设备受强电磁脉冲干扰的优化设计模型，包括传导干扰及辐射干扰两种设计模型。针对起飞质量对火箭总体参数设计的制约问题，以最小质量增量为目标函数，采用模拟退火(SA)算法，对箭上典型电气系统抗强电磁脉冲防护进行优化设计研究，为箭上敏感设备抗强电磁脉冲指标与质量增量提供了平衡选取方法。优化结果表明,火箭在飞行过程中典型电气系统的抗强电磁脉冲性能指标达到要求的同时，实现了火箭质量增量最小的目标。     

靶场测控设备软件质量保障新模式研究

针对靶场测控设备软件运行不稳定、软件中隐含许多问题的现状,研究适合于其开发、维护的新的质量保障模式,提出了软件巡回测试的方法;分析了造成软件问题的原因是研制单位软件研制能力不足、过程管理不规范;研究了软件巡回测试的特点、条件和方法。实践证明,巡回测试是提高测控设备软件健壮性和可靠性的有效方法,周期性的软件巡回测试是一个发现和解决测控设备软件问题的有效质量保障模式。     

基于“蛾眼”灵感的抗反射微纳结构表面技术

飞蛾眼睛表面所覆盖的纳米级结构对光的吸收作用,启发了人们对亚波长结构与光作用的思考。抗反射技术可减少光能在传播过程中的损失,被广泛应用于光学系统、太阳能电池、光电子设备、显示屏幕、窗口元件等领域。蛾眼抗反射微纳结构表面概念的提出为光学抗反射技术的发展提供了新的思路与契机。简要回顾了蛾眼抗反射微纳结构表面技术的基本概念、技术发展情况,并对各种应用于抗反射微纳结构表面的加工技术进行了总结与归纳,对一些新的技术发展方向进行了讨论。