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481.
The defruiter that is employed in the Air Traffic Control Radar Beacon System (ATCRBS) to prefilter asynchronous replies has a complex impact on the detection, estimation and validation properties of the detection subsystem. Its positive and negative effects are quantitatively enumerated via a simulation of the beacon processing subsystem of the Automated Radar Terminal System (ARTS III). It is concluded that the disadvantages of using the present-day defruiter in the ARTS III digital processing channel outweigh the advantages when fruit rates are below several thousand per scan. As an alternative to the total elimination of the defruiter a more general class of preprocessors is defined and their input-output relationships are derived using a Markov Chain formulation. These are found to represent an improvement over the current defruiter in that the positive effects of defruiting are retained while some of the negative effects are reduced. 相似文献
482.
483.
为进一步研究霍尔推力器壁面二次电子发射对发动机性能的影响,建立流体模型数值模拟了霍尔推力器磁化二次电子等离子体的鞘层特性,采用Sagdeev势的方法得到了鞘层的玻姆判据,以这个判据为鞘层边界条件数值讨论了磁场、二次电子发射以及不同等离子体对推力器等离子体鞘层结构的影响。结果表明,磁场和二次电子发射系数的增加都将使鞘层中粒子密度增加,鞘层电势升高,鞘层厚度减小;对于氩和氙二种等离子体,氙等离子体产生的鞘层势垒高,粒子密度大,鞘层厚度增加。这些结果直接影响推力器的电子传导机制及性能。 相似文献
484.
Contributions of space exploration which are widely recognized are those dealing with the impact of space technology on public health and medical services in both urban and remote rural areas. Telecommunications, image enhancement, 3-dimensional image reconstructions, miniaturization, automation, and data analysis, have transformed the delivery of medical care and have brought about a new impetus to the field of biomedicine. Many areas of medical care and biological research have been affected. These include technological breakthroughs in such areas as: (1) diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of cardiovascular diseases, (2) new approaches to the understanding of osteoporosis, (3) early detection of genetic birth defects, (4) emergency medical care, and (5) treatment of chronic metabolic disorders. These are but a few examples where technology originally developed to support space medicine or space research has been applied to solving medical and health care delivery problems on Earth. 相似文献
485.
An algorithm is described for initial synchronization in a communication system with a digital adaptive array. This algorithm can also be used for message extraction. A set of consecutive complex video samples of the array output is processed to obtain optimum adaptive array weights, based on a least mean square (LMS) error criterion. This computation is performed for each of the possible alternative signals which may be present during an observation interval. The correct synchronization time or message symbol is selected as the one which yields the minimum LMS error. Assuming orthogonality of the alternative codes, a probability distribution for the output of this processor has been derived. 相似文献
486.
E.S. Seo T. Anderson D. Angelaszek S.J. Baek J. Baylon M. Buénerd M. Copley S. Coutu L. Derome B. Fields M. Gupta J.H. Han I.J. Howley H.G. Huh Y.S. Hwang H.J. Hyun I.S. Jeong D.H. Kah K.H. Kang D.Y. Kim H.J. Kim K.C. Kim M.H. Kim K. Kwashnak J. Lee M.H. Lee J.T. Link L. Lutz A. Malinin A. Menchaca-Rocha J.W. Mitchell S. Nutter O. Ofoha H. Park I.H. Park J.M. Park P. Patterson J.R. Smith J. Wu Y.S. Yoon 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
The Cosmic Ray Energetics And Mass (CREAM) instrument is configured with a suite of particle detectors to measure TeV cosmic-ray elemental spectra from protons to iron nuclei over a wide energy range. The goal is to extend direct measurements of cosmic-ray composition to the highest energies practical, and thereby have enough overlap with ground based indirect measurements to answer questions on cosmic-ray origin, acceleration and propagation. The balloon-borne CREAM was flown successfully for about 161 days in six flights over Antarctica to measure elemental spectra of Z = 1–26 nuclei over the energy range 1010 to >1014 eV. Transforming the balloon instrument into ISS-CREAM involves identification and replacement of components that would be at risk in the International Space Station (ISS) environment, in addition to assessing safety and mission assurance concerns. The transformation process includes rigorous testing of components to reduce risks and increase survivability on the launch vehicle and operations on the ISS without negatively impacting the heritage of the successful CREAM design. The project status, including results from the ongoing analysis of existing data and, particularly, plans to increase the exposure factor by another order of magnitude utilizing the International Space Station are presented. 相似文献
487.
In this paper, a process of flanging to create thin-walled axisymmetrical shells with the shape of truncated cone is analyzed. Also presented are some dependences that make it possible to determine the relative depth of a formed piece at the given piece-blank thickness ratio. 相似文献
488.
E. V. Kasumov 《Russian Aeronautics (Iz VUZ)》2013,56(3):224-228
A possibility of evaluating dynamic response of a mechanical system to controlling actions of the automatic stabilization and control system is considered on the basis of a numerical experiment. Examples of design analysis are presented for a light-weight helicopter in which an autopilot is part of the control system. The finite element analysis is used in this paper. 相似文献
489.
Ch. I. Chaban R. T. Ripetskyj E. L. Kordyum N. A. Kit 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1999,23(12):2011-2016
Under gravistimulation, dark-grown protonemata of Pottia intermedia revealed negative gravitropism with a growth rate of approximately 28 μm·h−1 at room temperature (20 °C). In 7 days, the protonema formed a bundle of vertically oriented filaments. At an elevated temperature (30 °C), bundles of vertically growing filaments were also formed. However, both filament growth rate and amplitude of the gravicurvature were reduced. Red light (RL) irradiation induced a positive phototropism of most apical protonemal cells at 20 °C. In a following period of darkness, approximately two-thirds of such cells began to grow upward again, recovering their negative gravitropism. RL irradiation at the elevated temperature caused a partial increase in the number of protonemal cells with negative phototropism, but the protonemata did not exhibit negative gravitropism after transfer to darkness. The negative gravitropic reaction was renewed only when protonemata were placed at 20 °C. A dramatic decrease in starch amount in protonemal apical cells, which are sensitive to both gravity and light, occurred at the higher temperature. Such a decrease may be one of the reasons for the inhibition of the protonemal gravireaction at the higher temperature. The observation has a bearing on the starch-statolith theory. 相似文献
490.
N S Pechurkin A V Brilkov V V Ganusov T V Kargatova E E Maksimova 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1999,24(3):335-341
The possibility of introducing genetically engineered microorganisms (GEM) into simple biotic cycles of laboratory water microcosms was investigated. The survival of the recombinant strain Escherichia coli Z905 (Apr, Lux+) in microcosms depends on the type of model ecosystems. During the absence of algae blooming in the model ecosystem, the part of plasmid-containing cells E. coli decreased fast, and the structure of the plasmid was also modified. In conditions of algae blooming (Ankistrodesmus sp.) an almost total maintenance of plasmid-containing cells was observed in E. coli population. A mathematics model of GEM's behavior in water ecosystems with different level of complexity has been formulated. Mechanisms causing the difference in luminescent exhibition of different species are discussed, and attempts are made to forecast the GEM's behavior in water ecosystems. 相似文献