新型消旋波瓣混合器射流掺混机理研究

为了消除高进口预旋时波瓣混合器表面流动分离,将基准波瓣混合器侧壁直叶瓣设计成类叶型式的折转叶瓣,形成一种新型消旋波瓣混合器。研究了多种进口预旋工况下消旋波瓣性能参数、涡系发展以及射流掺混机理与基准直波瓣的异同。结果表明:新型消旋波瓣改善了进口预旋工况下波瓣吸力面压力分布;重新组织了波瓣出口截面气流周向角度的径向分布。在进口预旋超过10°以后,消旋波瓣混合器的总压损失以及波瓣式喷管的总压损失均小于基准直波瓣。消旋波瓣混合器在高进口预旋时性能优异,波瓣出口截面周向气流确实加速了下游射流掺混。     

Space Weather Service for Chinese Space Science Satellites

Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science has gained remarkable achievements. Space Environment Prediction Center (SEPC) affiliated with the National Space Science Center (NSSC) has been providing space weather services and helps secure space missions. Presently, SEPC is capable to offer a variety of space weather services covering many phases of space science missions including planning, design, launch, and orbital operation. The service packages consist of space weather forecasts, warnings, and effect analysis that can be utilized to avoid potential space weather hazard or reduce the damage caused by space storms, space radiation exposure for example. Extensive solar storms that occurred over Chinese Ghost Festival (CGF) in September 2017 led to a large enhancement of the solar energetic particle flux at 1 AU, which affected the near Earth radiation environment and brought great threat to orbiting satellites. Based on the space weather service by SEPC, satellite ground support groups collaborating with the space Tracking, Telemetering and Command system (TT&C) team were able to take immediate measures to react to the CGF solar storm event.      

基于轮地作用参数和PLSDA方法的月壤力学性能评估

为评估在轨月球车周边环境月壤力学性能,以月球车辙信息、轮上载荷和滑转率作为基本参数,提出了16个二元及三元标识量,结合偏最小二乘判别方法(PLSDA)建立评估月壤力学状态模型。根据容重对模拟月壤力学状态进行分级,分别为松软状态、自然状态和紧实状态。应用轮壤相互作用试验台共采集247组试验数据,每种模拟月壤状态的试验数据按照2:1比例随机划分为校正集样本和预测集样本,最终校正集和预测集样本个数分别为166和81个。考虑到原始数据值相差大和所提出部分标识量包含冗余信息的特点,因此在建立PLSDA模型时,应用均值中心化预处理方法对原始数据进行数据预处理,并优选10个标识量建立识别月壤力学状态的PLSDA模型,对应的校正集的准确率和预测集的准确率分别为90.96%和90.12%。结果表明,应用PLSDA方法并结合月球车的车辙信息、轮上载荷和滑转率以及优选标识量所建立的评估月壤力学状态判别模型,其计算快速准确,可用于月球车在轨评估车轮前方月壤的力学特性和通过性能评估。     

非合作目标拖拉式对接机构设计与分析

针对非合作目标对接技术的要求和特点,提出了一种以卫星远地点喷管为对接接口的非合作目标拖拉式对接机构方案。设计了拖拉式对接机构的具体结构并建立其三维CAD模型,根据此模型,对机构进行了包络范围的求解;使用ADAMS软件对机构进行了动力学仿真,分析了对接过程中目标星与机械臂的动态特性,分析了对接过程中捕获力与关节受力情况。计算与仿真结果表明,提出的对接机构能够对目标进行有效、可靠的对接捕获,碰撞接触力小于280N,不会造成本体及目标的破坏。与以往对接机构相比,此拖拉式对接机构具有结构简单、可靠性高、捕获范围大、控制方法简单等优点,且机构受力合理,适合作为空间非合作目标对接的捕获装置。     

用于深层月壤采样返回的软质取心袋的设计与测试验证

月壤钻探采样技术尤其无人自主采样返回技术是我国探月工程的关键技术之一。文章提出了一种适于深层月壤钻探采样的取心机构,能够实现对月壤样品的原位包裹,以保持样品的层理特性信息。该机构选用Kevlar作为包裹样品用的软质取心袋材料,采用满足要求的编织工艺织造出致密薄壁的软袋,并对软袋进行了翻转抽拉力、力学性能及涂层测试分析等测试试验,验证其可满足深层月壤钻探采样任务的需求。     

磁悬浮飞轮微振动特性及其主动振动控制方法研究

为了进一步减小磁悬浮飞轮的振动力和力矩,建立并分析了一种特殊结构的磁悬浮飞轮的微振动模型,并利用微振动测量平台、数据采集分析硬件和软件,通过试验测量了磁悬浮飞轮6个自由度的振动力和力矩.分析其时域特性和频域特性,其振动特性图(瀑布图)显示了径向两个平动方向X和Y的振动力主要是同频分量、倍频分量以及模态量,其中同频分量较为明显.利用开闭环自适应陷波,分别对X、Y两个方向的振动力进行主动振动控制,取得了较好的控制效果,使得两个方向的振动力的同频量显著下降.     

高旋转数下光滑回转通道的换热特性

通过提高回转通道内气体压力到500 kPa以上,显著扩展了实验参数范围.实验雷诺数Re和旋转数Ro范围分别为10 000~70 000和0~2.08,完全匹配了真实发动机的Re和Ro.在此基础上实验研究了高旋转数下方截面光滑U型通道的换热特性.结果表明,在高旋转数下,旋转效应对通道进口和转弯段局部换热的影响比进口效应和弯道效应显著;第1通道后缘面换热随旋转数的增大而增强,而中下游前缘面在超过临界旋转数后换热增强;高旋转数下第2通道下游后缘面的换热强于前缘面.      

Influence of lunar topography on simulated surface temperature

The surface temperature of the Moon is one of the essential parameters for the lunar exploration, especially to evaluate the Moon thermophysical features. The distribution of the temperature is heavily influenced by the Moon topography, which, however, is rarely studied in the state-of-art surface temperature models. Therefore, this paper takes the Moon topography into account to improve the surface temperature model, Racca model. The main parameters, such as slopes along the longitude and latitude directions, are estimated with the topography data from Chang’E-1 satellite and the Horn algorithm. Then the effective solar illumination model is then constructed with the slopes and the relative position to the subsolar point. Finally, the temperature distribution over the Moon surface is obtained with the effective illumination model and the improved Racca model. The results indicate that the distribution of the temperature is very sensitive to the fluctuation of the Moon surface. The change of the surface temperature is up to 150 K in some places compared to the result without considering the topography. In addition, the variation of the surface temperature increases with the distance from the subsolar point and the elevation, along both latitude and longitude directions. Furthermore, the simulated surface temperature coincides well with the brightness temperature in 37 GHz observed by the microwave sounder onboard Chang’E-2 satellite. The corresponded emissivity map not only eliminates the influence of the topography, but also hints the inherent properties of the lunar regolith just below the surface. Last but not the least, the distribution of the permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) in the lunar pole area is also evaluated with the simulated surface temperature result.     

对毫米波末制导雷达两点源干扰效能分析研究

毫米波末制导是精确制导的重要方式之一。首先分析了对毫米波末制导雷达的电子对抗原理,在此基础上分别建立了对毫米波末制导雷达的两点源相干干扰、非相干干扰和闪烁干扰的效能分析模型,并研究了各种干扰方式的作战运用。