Intelligent checking model of Chinese radiotelephony read-backs in civil aviation air traffic control

Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and NASA technical reports indicate that the misunderstanding in radiotelephony communications is a primary causal factor associated with operation errors, and a sizable proportion of operation errors lead to read-back errors. We introduce deep learning method to solve this problem and propose a new semantic checking model based on Long Short-Time Memory network (LSTM) for intelligent read-back error checking. A mean-pooling layer is added to the traditional LSTM, so as to utilize the information obtained by all the hidden activation vectors, and also to improve the robustness of the semantic vector extracted by LSTM. A MultiLayer Perceptron (MLP) layer, which can maintain the information of different regions in the concatenated vectors obtained by the mean-pooling layer, is applied instead of traditional similarity function in the new model to express the semantic similarity of the read-back pairs quantitatively. The K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) classifier is used to verify whether the read-back pairs are consistent in semantics according to the output of MLP layer. Extensive experiments are conducted and the results show that the proposed model is more effective and more robust than the traditional checking model to verify the semantic consistency of read-backs automatically.     

航空发动机组合式弹性片金属密封环结构密封特性研究

为研究航空发动机组合式弹性片金属密封环结构的密封特性,设计和搭建了弹性片结构密封特性实验平台,研究腔室气体压力、弹性片压缩量对弹性片密封结构气体泄漏率和泄漏面积的影响规律。定量描述了气体泄漏量与弹性片压缩量及腔室气体压力的关系,分析了其密封机理。研究结果表明:气体泄漏率随腔室压力增大而线性增大;腔室气体压力使弹性片结构有一定的密封效果,压力越大密封效果越好,同时压力越大弹性片压缩量的增大对密封性的改善效果不显著;在压缩量较小或者腔室压力很低的条件下,接触泄漏和通道泄漏共存;当压缩量增大到0.80mm和腔室压力增大到0.40MPa时,继续增大压缩量或腔室压力对减小泄漏面积作用不大,泄漏面积会稳定在169mm~2,即为通道泄漏面积。     

Numerical studies on supersonic spray combustion in high-temperature shear flows in a scramjet combustor

Numerical simulation is applied to detail the combustion characteristics of n-decane sprays in highly compressible vortices formed in a supersonic mixing layer. The multi-phase reacting flow is modeled, in which the shear flow is solved Eulerianly by means of direct numerical simulation, and the motions of individual sub-grid point-mass fuel droplets are tracked Lagrangianly. Spray combustion behaviors are studied under different ambient pressures. Results indicate that ignition kernels are formed at high-strain vortex braids, where the scalar dissipation rates are high. The flame kernels are then strongly strained, associated with the rotation of the shearing vortex, and propagate to envelop the local vortex. It is observed that the flammable mixtures entrained in the vortex are burned from the edge to the core of the vortex until the reactants are completely consumed. As the ambient pressure increases, the high-temperature region expands so that the behaviors of spray flames are strongly changed. An overall analysis of the combustion field indicates that the time-averaged temperature increases, and the fluctuating pressure decreases, resulting in a more stable spray combustion under higher pressures, primarily due to the acceleration of the chemical reaction.     

基于多小波的Volterra级数非定常气动力建模方法

非定常气动力建模除了要准确描述气动力的非定常特性,还要反映其非线性特性。Volterra级数因为对系统非线性具有很强的描述能力正日益受到重视。一阶Volterra核只能表达线性特性,要建立反映非线性特性的非定常气动力模型,需要引入二阶核甚至更高阶核的影响。高阶Volterra核辨识的主要困难在于待辨识参数的数量随着核阶次的增加而呈指数增加导致计算难度急剧加大,即出现所谓维数灾难问题。以一种分段二次多小波为基函数将Volterra核展开,求解一个高维病态方程组来计算展开系数,利用小波的多分辨分析在时间和频率两个维度的分解特性将方程降维,最终将问题转化为求解一个低维方程组得到稳定解。通过NACA0012翼型在马赫数0.8下作沉浮运动时,升力系数、阻力系数和俯仰力矩系数的二阶核和三阶核的辨识构建非定常气动力模型,然后由此计算不同减缩频率下的气动力并与CFD结果进行比较,验证了Volterra级数对非线性非定常气动力的描述能力和多小波处理方法的有效性。     

X-ray astronomy from the space shuttle

A wide variety of new X-ray instrumentation is being proposed to attack an even wider variety of astrophysical problems. It includes general-purpose instruments which, with further development and testing, may someday be part of the complement of an orbiting “observatory” facility, such as AXAF. Other instruments promise significant and often necessary advantages for a narrower range of problems. The testing and development of all of these ideas, and in particular finding an efficient way to employ the latter class to make the observations for which they are intended, pose dilemmas for which the Space Shuttle potentially offers solutions. A discussion of possible modes for using the Shuttle and a brief sampling of new instrumentation ideas are presented.     

三维PDPA系统在Φ3.2m风洞中的实验研究

非接触测量的PDPA系统在Φ3.2m风洞中进行双三角翼速度场试验中 ,采用随测量点位置的移动而进行粒子投放。三维的光路布置则是采用安装在风洞外移测架的横梁上。实验结果表明 ,粒子投放的方法和光路布置及测量是合理的。同时指出 :粒子的投放应该在x/d >45处 ,从而解决了在大型低速风洞中的粒子投放和光路布置问题     

教育因素对农村劳动力转移的影响:模型分析

应用斯加斯塔德模型分析了教育因素对农村劳动力转移的影响。结果表明：农村劳动力学历的提高，可以增加转移收入，降低转移成本和延长转移（收入）期限，而对转移者心理贴现率的影响较小。因此，在不计学历对转移者心理贴现率的条件下，根据斯加斯塔德模型，学历提高可以增强农村劳动力转移的动力和增加转移的可能性。     

基于XML的异构PDM系统产品数据交换技术

对产品交换数据进行了详细的分析和建模,利用XML技术建立了产品交换数据的DTD文档规范,并通过统一的数据传输服务模式实现异构PDM系统产品数据交换与共享。