B737-300型飞机后机身两侧蒙皮疲劳裂纹损伤分析

介绍了B737—300型飞机后机身两侧蒙皮的疲劳裂纹损伤情况，研究分析了该部位产生疲劳裂纹的原因，给出了疲劳裂纹的检查方法。     

Calculation of the effect of opacity in the solar spectral lines of carbon ions

In this paper, using the intensity ratio of carbon ions emission lines, we determined the optical depths at the line center of the CI at about 165.7 nm, CII at about 133.5 nm, CIII at about 117.5 nm and CIV at about 154.9 nm emission lines by escape factor treatment. For CI and CII emission lines, we discuss the intensity ratio of two lines arising from the common upper levels; while for CIII and CIV emission lines, we discuss the intensity ratio of two lines arising from the common lower levels. By introducing the measured abundance of carbon and the results of ionization balance calculations, we make an estimate of the line-of-sight physical thickness of the regions of carbon ions. This discussion will provide some results in the discussion of opacity on the solar ultraviolet (UV) or extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) spectrum.     

商用空调过滤器清洗的确定

通过系统论述空气过滤器在商业空调系统中的作用和准确确定过滤器清洗时间的重要性和必要性,并对两种空调风机运行工况的实测和分析,得出用过滤器前后压差的增量来确定过滤器清洗的最佳时间,为商用空调系统的运行管理提供了数据支持.     

任务表集群计算平台的实时性研究

实时计算系统的关键特征包含计算时限保证和可信度两个方面。本文从进程配置、负载分配、消息传递等方面介绍任务表算法集群平台的计算时间保证措施;从瞬间故障表现和长期运行表现介绍平台在实时应用中的可信度措施。     

圆孔-半椭圆槽组合结构气膜冷却机理

为了探讨半椭圆槽改善圆孔射流气膜冷却机理,数值模拟研究了圆孔-半椭圆型槽组合结构下游流场、温度场及气膜冷却效率。分析了不同吹风比下半椭圆槽深度对气膜冷却特性的影响。结果表明:吹风比0.5和1.5时,和锯齿槽相比,半椭圆槽更容易形成反向对漩涡,展向平均气膜冷却效率提高5%~119%。随着半椭圆槽深度的增加,孔间区域的气膜冷却效率提高,展向气膜冷却效率分布更均匀。吹风比0.5时,槽深度对半椭圆槽展向平均气膜冷却效率的影响很小,三种槽深的差距在15%以内。吹风比1.5时,半椭圆槽深度为0.5倍孔径的展向平均气膜冷却效率最佳,分别比槽深度为0.25倍和0.75倍孔径的半椭圆槽高55%~107%和2%~16%。     

火箭点火压力脉冲形成机理与影响因子分析

为深入研究火箭点火瞬时压力脉冲形成机理,以火箭在地下有限空间内发射为研究对象,采用一维线性波理论分析了压力脉冲的形成机理和影响因子,并对压力脉冲幅值进行了估算。同时,采用计算流体力学方法,建立了基于三维可压缩气体Navier-Stokes方程的火箭发射燃气流场模型,详细揭示了压力脉冲在地下井内的幅值分布和演化规律。仿真结果表明,发动机燃烧室建压速率越大,井内的压力脉冲峰值越大,峰值出现的时间越早;燃气流密度越大,压力脉冲峰值越小,峰值出现的时间越晚;井筒越深,压力脉冲幅值越大。一维线性波理论分析和计算流体力学方法结果的压力脉冲峰值与试验结果比较,相对误差均不大于14.2%,表明这两种方法均能有效预示火箭点火压力脉冲幅值和分布规律。     

固体火箭发动机包覆层力学性能与交联密度的相关性建模研究

介绍了包覆层力学性能的研究进展,综述了交联密度的测试方法和应用,分析了现有的本构模型并提出改进意见。研究表明:包覆层在复杂环境下的力学性能研究是下一步研究的重点;从微观机理分析包覆层的宏观力学性能是其力学研究的趋势;核磁共振仪等现代仪器的运用可以克服传统方法的不足,具有较大的发展空间。     

面向铺放工艺的预浸料剥离仿真与试验验证

为系统建立可表征刚度与黏性的预浸料剥离模型,构建探针、拉伸与剥离相结合的试验验证系统。首先,设计用于预浸料的移动悬臂剥离装置,完成各工艺参数下预浸料黏性和动态刚度的90°剥离试验测定,并建立剥离仿真模型;然后,通过探针试验获取黏性参数,采用内聚力模型定量表征黏性参数;接着,通过拉伸、压缩试验测定预浸料的正交各向异性力学参数,连同探针试验获得的黏性参数一同输入到剥离模型中,在各个工艺参数下黏性和刚度的仿真结果与试验值吻合程度良好;由于仿真与试验揭示剥离脱辊现象会影响剥离力测定值,因此研究脱辊现象及其机理,发现将导辊半径设计在3~7 mm内,可减弱脱辊程度、提高剥离试验的准确性。为系统测定并表征预浸料黏性及刚度、预浸料建模、开展自动铺放仿真等提供了参考。     

GPS/BDS/INS tightly coupled integration accuracy improvement using an improved adaptive interacting multiple model with classified measurement update

An Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is commonly used to fuse raw Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements and Inertial Navigation System (INS) derived measurements. However, the Conventional EKF (CEKF) suffers the problem for which the uncertainty of the statistical properties to dynamic and measurement models will degrade the performance. In this research, an Adaptive Interacting Multiple Model (AIMM) filter is developed to enhance performance. The soft-switching property of Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) algorithm allows the adaptation between two levels of process noise, namely lower and upper bounds of the process noise. In particular, the Sage adaptive filtering is applied to adapt the measurement covariance on line. In addition, a classified measurement update strategy is utilized, which updates the pseudorange and Doppler observations sequentially. A field experiment was conducted to validate the proposed algorithm, the pseudorange and Doppler observations from Global Positioning System (GPS) and BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) were post-processed in differential mode. The results indicate that decimeter-level positioning accuracy is achievable with AIMM for GPS/INS and GPS/BDS/INS configurations, and the position accuracy is improved by 35.8%, 34.3% and 33.9% for north, east and height components, respectively, compared to the CEKF counterpart for GPS/BDS/INS. Degraded performance for BDS/INS is obtained due to the lower precision of BDS pseudorange observations.     

基于矩阵信号传输的航天器低频电缆网设计

为提高航天器载荷比,降低平台质量,针对航天器低频电缆网减重的现实需求,提出采用矩阵电缆网实现航天器遥测、遥控信号电缆减重的新途径。为最大程度优化矩阵电缆的设计方法,首次建立了基于无向图的矩阵电缆网数学模型,提取了影响电缆质量的两项要素--拓扑结构与矩阵资源分配方式,同时引入遍历顺序的概念,实现了两项要素的有机结合。文章提出了资源分配的优化设计原则,并进行了工程算例仿真,结果表明,优化的矩阵电缆网较离散电缆网减重约50%,并且增加了系统备份,有效提升了传输系统的可靠性。