Effects of polarization and resolution on SAR ATR

Lincoln Laboratory is investigating the detection and classification of stationary ground targets using high resolution, fully polarimetric, synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery. A study is summarized in which data collected by the Lincoln Laboratory 33 GHz SAR were used to perform a comprehensive comparison of automatic target recognition (ATR) performance for several polarization/resolution combinations. The Lincoln Laboratory baseline ATR algorithm suite was used, and was optimized for each polarization/resolution case. Both the HH polarization alone and the optimal combination of HH, HV, and VV were evaluated; the resolutions evaluated were 1 ft/spl times/1 ft and 1 m/spl times/1 m. The data set used for this study contained approximately 74 km/sup 2/ of clutter (56 km/sup 2/ of mixed clutter plus 18 km/sup 2/ of highly cultural clutter) and 136 tactical target images (divided equally between tanks and howitzers).     

两种椭圆型方程求源项方法在喷管内流场网格生成中的应用

用椭圆型方程生成二维网格，发展两种Hilgenstock求源项方法，实现对网格与边界间距及与边界正交的控制。     

气流吹袭时飞行员手臂的受力分析

总结了测量作用在手臂上的气动力的实验结果.。这些实验是用风洞、火箭车和空中弹射进行的。用6名男青年、橡胶假人、1/2人体木模型和1/10人体钢模型,在Ma=0.086～2.04范围内,测量了作用在手臂上的气流解脱力。用这些实验数据,计算出了气流产生的手臂解脱力系数,并推导出这些系数与Ma数之间的关系式,为进一步推导飞行员手臂对气流吹袭的耐力提供了气动力数据。     

绕近地面二维平板非定常不可压缩位势流的精确解

Yih给出了极端地效条件下二维水平平板垂直下落时有势绕流的首阶近似解;给出了同一问题在平板同时还有水平速度情况下的近似解。本文利用椭圆函数将平板和地面围成的区域保角变换至矩形内部,然后在变换平面上求解,得到了有地面效应时水平平板铅垂运动所诱导的势流精确解,以及平板同时还有水平速度情况下的“准定常”连续绕流近似解。     

Galileo Probe Nephelometer experiment

The objective of the Nephelometer Experient aboard the Probe of the Galileo mission is to explore the vertical structure and microphysical properties of the clouds and hazes in the atmosphere of Jupiter along the descent trajectory of the Probe (nominally from 0.1 to > 10 bars). The measurements, to be obtained at least every kilometer of the Probe descent, will provide the bases for inferences of mean particle sizes, particle number densities (and hence, opacities, mass densities, and columnar mass loading) and, for non-highly absorbing particles, for distinguishing between solid and liquid particles. These quantities, especially the location of the cloud bases, together with other quantities derived from this and other experiments aboard the Probe, will not only yield strong evidence for the composition of the particles, but, using thermochemical models, for species abundances as well. The measurements in the upper troposphere will provide ground truth data for correlation with remote sensing instruments aboard the Galileo Orbiter vehicle. The instrument is carefully designed and calibrated to measure the light scattering properties of the particulate clouds and hazes at scattering angles of 5.8°, 16°, 40°, 70°, and 178°. The measurement sensitivity and accuracy is such that useful estimates of mean particle radii in the range from about 0.2 to 20 can be inferred. The instrument will detect the presence of typical cloud particles with radii of about 1.0 , or larger, at concentrations of less than 1 cm³.Deceased.     

Energetic Particles Investigation (EPI)

The Energetic Particles Investigation (EPI) instrument operates during the pre-entry phase of the Galileo Probe. The major science objective is to study the energetic particle population in the innermost regions of the Jovian magnetosphere — within 4 radii of the cloud tops — and into the upper atmosphere. To achieve these objectives the EPI instrument will make omnidirectional measurements of four different particle species — electrons, protons, alpha-particles, and heavy ions (Z > 2). Intensity profiles with a spatial resolution of about 0.02 Jupiter radii will be recorded. Three different energy range channels are allocated to both electrons and protons to provide a rough estimate of the spectral index of the energy spectra. In addition to the omnidirectional measurements, sectored data will be obtained for certain energy range electrons, protons, and alpha-particles to determine directional anisotropies and particle pitch angle distributions. The detector assembly is a two-element telescope using totally depleted, circular silicon surfacebarrier detectors surrounded by a cylindrical tungsten shielding with a wall thickness of 4.86 g cm^-2. The telescope axis is oriented normal to the spherical surface of the Probe's rear heat shield which is needed for heat protection of the scientific payload during the Probe's entry into the Jovian atmosphere. The material thickness of the heat shield determines the lower energy threshold of the particle species investigated during the Probe's pre-entry phase. The EPI instrument is combined with the Lightning and Radio Emission Detector (LRD) such that the EPI sensor is connected to the LRD/EPI electronic box. In this way, both instruments together only have one interface of the Probe's power, command, and data unit.     

Modification of the SAR step transform algorithm

When the basic step transform algorithm is used to compress synthetic-aperture radar (SAR) signals in azimuth, the linear FM rate and sampling rate must satisfy certain tight constraints. In practice, these constraints cannot be satisfied and errors are introduced into the compressed SAR image. A modification is described of the basic step transform which incorporates interpolation and resampling into the algorithm. These changes allow the removal of the constraints and make the step transform more useful for the compression of real data. An autofocusing capability is also included, without introducing much additional complexity     

采用多级优化技术进行复合材料结构可靠性优化设计

在可靠性基础上将结构体系可靠性优化设计方法发展至复合材料结构,并采有多级优化技术提出了复合材料结构可靠性优化设计方法。系统级优化以结构总重最小为目标函数,以满足结构体系可靠性指标要求为约束条件;元件级优化以元件可靠度最大为目标函数,以层板或元件重量在一次迭代中保持不变为约束条件,从而导出了相应的优化准则和迭代式。算例表明该方法的效率高、收敛性好,能推广应用于大型复合材料结构。     

微机在疲劳试验自动化中的应用

在航空叶片振动疲劳试验自动化中,根据疲劳振动试验的参数要求,调控系统组成如图1所示。其中A/D装置的转换时间为20μs,D/A装置的转换时间为3μs。在D/A板上还装有由两个16Bit计时器构成的32Bit计时器,并由软件规划成按日、时、分、秒计时的时钟。该时钟由微处理机1MHz的主钟脉冲驱动,计时准确性甚高,用来统计叶     

涡喷发动机加速控制系统数学模型及数字仿真

 本文介绍了航空涡轮喷气发动机加速控制系统数学模型建立、数字仿真方法。由于加速过程是一个大偏离动态过程,因而发动机与加速控制器模型均用非线性方程描述,对非线性方程组求解和系统迭代方法本文进行了讨论。算例中分析了在不同飞行条件下发动机的加速规律。