The Spacelab-Mir-1 "Greenhouse-2" experiment.

The Spacelab-Mir-1 (SLM-1) mission is the first docking of the Space Shuttle Atlantis (STS-71) with the Orbital Station Mir in June 1995. The SLM-1 "Greenhouse-2" experiment will utilize the Russian-Bulgarian-developed plant growth unit (Svet). "Greenhouse-2" will include two plantings (1) designed to test the capability of Svet to grow a crop of Superdwarf wheat from seed to seed, and (2) to provide green plant material for post-flight analysis. Protocols, procedures, and equipment for the experiment have been developed by the US-Russian science team. "Greenhouse-2" will also provide the first orbital test of a new Svet Instrumentation System (SIS) developed by Utah State University to provide near real time data on plant environmental parameters and gas-exchange rates. SIS supplements the Svet control and monitoring system with additional sensors for substrate moisture, air temperature, IR leaf temperature, light, oxygen, pressure, humidity, and carbon-dioxide. SIS provides the capability to monitor canopy transpiration and net assimilation of the plants growing in each vegetation unit (root zone) by enclosing the canopy in separate, retractable, ventilated leaf chambers. Six times during the seed-to-seed experiment, plant samples will be collected, leaf area measured, and plant parts fixed and/or dried for ground analysis. A second planting initiated 30 days before the arrival of a U.S. Shuttle [originally planned to be STS-71] is designed to provide green material at the vegetative development stage for ground analysis. [As this paper is being edited, the experiment has been delayed until after the arrival of STS-71.]     

Theories and models on the biology of cells in space.

A wide variety of observations on cells in space, admittedly made under constraining and unnatural conditions in many cases, have led to experimental results that were surprising or unexpected. Reproducibility, freedom from artifacts, and plausibility must be considered in all cases, even when results are not surprising. The papers in the symposium on "Theories and Models on the Biology of Cells in Space" are dedicated to the subject of the plausibility of cellular responses to gravity--inertial accelerations between 0 and 9.8 m/s2 and higher. The mechanical phenomena inside the cell, the gravitactic locomotion of single eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells, and the effects of inertial unloading on cellular physiology are addressed in theoretical and experimental studies.     

The Suess-Urey mission (return of solar matter to Earth)

The Suess-Urey (S-U) mission has been proposed as a NASA Discovery mission to return samples of matter from the Sun to the Earth for isotopic and chemical analyses in terrestrial laboratories to provide a major improvement in our knowledge of the average chemical and isotopic composition of the solar system. The S-U spacecraft and sample return capsule will be placed in a halo orbit around the L1 Sun-Earth libration point for two years to collect solar wind ions which implant into large passive collectors made of ultra-pure materials. Constant Spacecraft-Sun-Earth geometries enable simple spin stabilized attitude control, simple passive thermal control, and a fixed medium gain antenna. Low data requirements and the safety of a Sun-pointed spinner, result in extremely low mission operations costs.     

脉冲式转速表的设计,校验与应用

本文就航空发动机转速测量技术状态进行了简要分析,对适用于超轻型飞机的具有原理、结构简单,造价低等优点的“脉冲式转速表”的设计、校验等进行了详细的论述,并对该原理的推广应用进行了分析讨论。     

Cyclotron masers and solar spike bursts

The theory of electron cyclotron maser emission and its application to solar spike bursts are reviewed. By analogy with the Earth's AKR, three sources of free energy are considered: a loss-cone anisotropy, a velocity-space hole, and a trapped distribution. The problem of how the radiation escapes through the second harmonic absorption layer is emphasized. Harmonic emission due to z mode coalescence may operate for some bursts, but the 2–5s delay between hard X-ray bursts and spike bursts suggests that some other mechanisms is required for most spike bursts. A model involving formation of a trapped distribution in low-density regions neighboring the flaring flux tube is considered.     

The effect of head-down tilt on brain potentials related to visual attention

To study the possible effect of simulated weightlessness on brain function state, the brain event-related potentials (ERPs) in a simple visual selective response task were compared between HDT and HUT in 9 normal subjects. The results were: The Target(T) and non-Target(NT) flash signals both induced significant slow positive potentials which were supposed to related to the attention state; the amplitude of the positive potentials in frontal regions decreased significantly especially for NT-ERPs during HDT comprared with that during HUT. The data reported provide new evidence indicating that more attention should be paid on the brain function study during space flight.     

具有弹性环的有限大弹性板应力场分析

 本文用解析与数值结合法研究在含有椭圆孔的有限大小弹性板上,有一椭圆弹性环加强时,板及环上的应力场。假设板与环间处于无初应力的紧密接触状态,弹性板和弹性环的应力函数都可按复劳伦级数展开。根据孔与环的接触边界条件以及各自的外边界条件,运用节点配置法确定板、环的级数系数,从而求出板、环上的应力场。文中分析了级数项数一配点数对计算结果的影响。     

一种紧固孔细节原始疲劳质量评定方法

 给出了一种由等幅载荷试验的断口金相数据反推得到的当量初始裂纹尺寸额定值（EIFSR）表征的紧固孔原始疲劳质量评定方法。并据此建立了原始疲劳质量符合性检查的EIF-SR判据和寿命判据。最后用上述判据对紧固孔细节进行了原始疲劳质量评定和符合性检查。     

低密度小喷管流场的DSMC直接模拟

用ＤＳＭＣ方法数值模拟了低密度轴对小喷管的流场流动，获得了相应的结果，并将所得结果与用差分求解Ｎ－Ｓ方程方法获得的结果进行了对比，二者吻合较好。     

铝/ZN-1阻尼材料复合结构件的粘接技术研究

探讨了胶黏剂黏度、硬铝表面处理方式及硅烷偶联剂KH-560的使用方式等因素对硬铝板/ZN-1阻尼材料复合结构件的粘接性能的影响。研究表明：如果硬铝板表面采用砂纸打磨处理时，采用黏度较低的TC-1环氧树脂胶或者在黏度较高的J-22环氧树脂胶中添加2％的硅烷偶联剂KH-560可以获得优异的粘接效果；当硬铝板表面采用铬酸阳极化处理时，两种胶黏剂均能获得优异的粘接效果。