Land use/land cover classification using time series Landsat 8 images in a heavily urbanized area

It is of great significance to timely, accurately, and effectively monitor land use/cover in city regions for the reasonable development and utilization of urban land resources. The remotely sensed dynamic monitoring of Land use/land cover (LULC) in rapidly developing city regions has increasingly depended on remote-sensing data at high temporal and spatial resolutions. However, due to the influence of revisiting periods and weather, it is difficult to acquire enough time-series images with high quality at both high temporal and spatial resolution from the same sensor. In this paper we used the temporal-spatial fusion model ESTARFM (Enhanced Spatial and Temporal Adaptive Reflectance Fusion Model) to blend Landsat8 and MODIS data and obtain time-series Landsat8 images. Then, land cover information is extracted using an object-based classification method. In this study, the proposed method is validated by a case study of the Changsha City. The results show that the overall accuracy and Kappa coefficient were 94.38% and 0.88, respectively, and the user/producer accuracies of vegetation types were all over 85%. Our approach provides an accurate and efficient technical method for the effective extraction of land use/cover information in the highly heterogeneous regions.     

固体火箭复合结构喷管传热的隐式计算方法

采用适用于多层复合结构的当量热容瞬态热传导方程,通过坐标变换解决多个移动边界问题,用ADI方法推导了二维隐式求解格式,在与烧蚀相耦合的情况下获得了复合结构喷管的温度分布。用隐式方法计算有效地减少了计算机时,对工程设计大有裨益。     

A 3D hybrid grid generation technique and a multigrid/parallel algorithm based on anisotropic agglomeration approach

A hybrid grid generation technique and a multigrid/parallel algorithm are presented in this paper for turbulence flow simulations over three-dimensional (3D) complex geometries. The hybrid grid generation technique is based on an agglomeration method of anisotropic tetrahedrons. Firstly, the complex computational domain is covered by pure tetrahedral grids, in which anisotropic tetrahedrons are adopted to discrete the boundary layer and isotropic tetrahedrons in the outer field. Then, the anisotropic tetrahedrons in the boundary layer are agglomerated to generate prismatic grids. The agglomeration method can improve the grid quality in boundary layer and reduce the grid quantity to enhance the numerical accuracy and efficiency. In order to accelerate the convergence history, a multigrid/parallel algorithm is developed also based on anisotropic agglomeration approach. The numerical results demonstrate the excellent accelerating capability of this multigrid method.     

Bayesian edge detector for SAR imagery using discontinuity-adaptive Markov random feld modeling

Synthetic aperture radar（SAR）image is severely affected by multiplicative speckle noise,which greatly complicates the edge detection.In this paper,by incorporating the discontinuityadaptive Markov random feld（DAMRF）and maximum a posteriori（MAP）estimation criterion into edge detection,a Bayesian edge detector for SAR imagery is accordingly developed.In the proposed detector,the DAMRF is used as the a priori distribution of the local mean reflectivity,and a maximum a posteriori estimation of it is thus obtained by maximizing the posteriori energy using gradient-descent method.Four normalized ratios constructed in different directions are computed,based on which two edge strength maps（ESMs）are formed.The fnal edge detection result is achieved by fusing the results of two thresholded ESMs.The experimental results with synthetic and real SAR images show that the proposed detector could effciently detect edges in SAR images,and achieve better performance than two popular detectors in terms of Pratt＇s fgure of merit and visual evaluation in most cases.     

SiO2 气凝胶热参数测试及评价

利用非稳态阶跃平面热源法对SiO2气凝胶的热参数进行了高温实验研究,获得了不同温度和压力条件下SiO2气凝胶的热导率、热扩散率以及比热容等.结果表明,SiO2气凝胶800℃的热导率比室温增大约62％.在相同气压且低于600℃时,其热导率受比热容影响,而在高于600℃时,则受热扩散率影响;在相同温度且高于10 kPa时,热导率亦受热扩散率影响.     

复合材料梁腹板不同开孔形式稳定性研究

由于工艺性、维护性等要求,复合材料结构梁腹板中不可避免需开孔,不同形式的开孔有着不同承载能力。通过对梁腹板结构不同形式的开孔进行剪切载荷下屈曲试验研究,得到屈曲载荷和破坏载荷,对比不同开孔对结构承载的影响,并通过有限元进行数值模拟分析,屈曲载荷和试验基本吻合。同时试验得到复合材料结构有较强的后屈曲承载能力。     

前缘下垂结合内吹式襟翼失速特性研究

内吹式襟翼具有高效的增升能力,但失速迎角在较高的吹气动量系数下下降明显,为改善其失速特性,研究内吹式襟翼加装前缘下垂后的失速特性。对前缘下垂结合无缝襟翼的亚声速翼型在环量控制作用下的流场进行数值模拟,研究吹气动量系数对失速特性的影响规律,前缘刚性偏转、弯度变化和厚度变化对失速特性的改善作用,以及改变襟翼偏角研究前缘下垂...     

Occurrence features of simultaneous H+- and He+-band EMIC emissions in the outer radiation belt

As an important loss mechanism of radiation belt electrons, electromagnetic ion cyclotron (EMIC) waves show up as three distinct frequency bands below the hydrogen (H⁺), helium (He⁺), and oxygen (O⁺) ion gyrofrequencies. Compared to O⁺-band EMIC waves, H⁺- and He⁺-band emissions generally occur more frequently and result in more efficient scattering removal of <～5?MeV relativistic electrons. Therefore, knowledge about the occurrence of these two bands is important for understanding the evolution of the relativistic electron population. To evaluate the occurrence pattern and wave properties of H⁺- and He⁺-band EMIC waves when they occur concurrently, we investigate 64 events of multi-band EMIC emissions identified from high quality Van Allen Probes wave data. Our quantitative results demonstrate a strong occurrence dependence of the multi-band EMIC emissions on magnetic local time (MLT) and L-shell to mainly concentrate on the dayside region of L?=?～4–6. We also find that the average magnetic field amplitude of H⁺-band waves is larger than that of He⁺-band waves only when L?<?4.5 and AE¹?<?300?nT, and He⁺-band emissions are more intense under all other conditions. In contrast to 5 events that have average H⁺-band amplitude over 2 nT, 19 events exhibit >2 nT He⁺-band amplitude, indicating that the He⁺-band waves can be more easily amplified than the H⁺-band waves under the same circumstances. For simultaneous occurrences of the two EMIC wave bands, their frequencies vary with L-shell and geomagnetic activity: the peak wave frequency of H⁺-band emissions varies between 0.25 and 0.8 f_cp with the average between 0.25 and 0.6 f_cp, while that of He⁺-band emissions varies between 0.03 and 0.23 f_cp with the average between 0.05 and 0.15 f_cp. These newly observed occurrence features of simultaneous H⁺- and He⁺-band EMIC emissions provide improved information to quantify the overall contribution of multi-band EMIC waves to the loss processes of radiation belt electrons.     

Start-up current adaptive control for sensorless high-speed brushless DC motors based on inverse system method and internal mode controller

The start-up current control of the high-speed brushless DC (HS-BLDC) motor is a chal-lenging research topic. To effectively control the start-up current of the sensorless HS-BLDC motor, an adaptive control method is proposed based on the adaptive neural network (ANN) inverse system and the two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) internal model controller (IMC). The HS-BLDC motor is identified by the online least squares support vector machine (OLS-SVM) algo-rithm to regulate the ANN inverse controller parameters in real time. A pseudo linear system is developed by introducing the constructed real-time inverse system into the original HS-BLDC motor system. Based on the characteristics of the pseudo linear system, an extra closed-loop feed-back control strategy based on the 2-DOF IMC is proposed to improve the transient response per-formance and enhance the stability of the control system. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control method is effective and perfect start-up current tracking perfor-mance is achieved.     

Tribological evaluation of surface modified H13 tool steel in warm forming of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy sheet

The H13 hot-working tool steel is widely used as die material in the warm forming of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy sheet. However, under the heating condition, severe friction and lubricating conditions between the H13 tools and Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy sheet would cause difficulty in guaranteeing forming quality. Surface modification may be used to control the level of friction force, reduce the friction wear and extend the service life of dies. In this paper, four surface modification methods(chromium plating, TiAlN coating, surface polishing and nitriding treatment)were applied to the H13 surfaces. Taking the coefficient of friction(CoF) and the wear degree as evaluation indicators, the high-temperature tribological behavior of the surface modified H13 steel was experimentally investigated under different tribological conditions. The results of this study indicate that the tribological properties of the TiAlN coating under dry friction condition are better than the others for a wide range of temperature(from room temperature to 500 C), while there is little difference of tribological properties between different surface modifications under graphite lubricated condition, and the variation law of CoF with temperature under graphite lubricated is opposite to that under the dry friction.