高动态GPS信号粗捕和精捕算法仿真实现

为了解决高动态下对GPS信号快速捕获的问题,提出了改进的部分匹配滤波(PMF)和快速傅里叶变换(FFT)相结合的粗捕方法,对其原理和结构进行了分析,并针对其引起的扇贝损失和捕获性能不高的问题,对传统PMF+FFT方法进行加窗处理;考虑到高动态下基于扩展卡尔曼跟踪的方法对捕获后参数的精度要求很高,因此在粗捕的基础上提出了基于线性调频Z变换(CZT)算法的精捕方法,并在GPS信号理论模型和模拟高动态轨迹的基础上,实现了高动态GPS数字中频信号的生成,为进一步加快捕获速度,对于冷启动时提出了一种组合码相关的卫星快速盲搜方法;最后通过MATLAB进行系统仿真实验,验证了所提出的高动态GPS信号粗捕和精捕算法能在加速度为100 g的高动态环境下有约10 Hz的捕获精度。     

The autocorrelation of m-sequences over nonprime finitefields

Nonbinary m-sequences (maximal length sequences) for spread-spectrum communication systems that have a two-level autocorrelation are presented. The autocorrelation function of an m -sequence over the Galois field of q elements GF(q), where q=p^k, for p a prime and k an integer greater than 1, is developed and shown to be bilevel when the elements of GF(q) are expressed as elements of a vector space over the pth roots of unity     

热障涂层喷涂质量微焦点CT检测

采用微焦点X射线源对热障涂层样品进行了高分辨率X射线成像研究,采用多尺度对比度增强算法提高了热障涂层与基体之间的对比度.X射线图像显示热障涂层各处厚度差异较大,热障涂层内部可能存在大量孔隙.通过微焦点计算机层析成像(CT)对样品进行了高分辨率CT扫描与重建,得到了样品的CT重建图像.从热障涂层CT图像观察到热障涂层内部存在大量孔隙,且不同层孔隙尺寸、数量不同.结合3个坐标方向的切片图像分析了热障涂层深度方向的热障涂层厚度,得到了热障涂层厚度的二维分布,测量得到热障涂层平均厚度约为40μm.对沿热障涂层深度方向850~1131层切片图像,利用可视化软件VGstudio MAX得到了热障涂层内部孔隙三维分布.研究结果表明:微焦点CT可用于热障涂层制备工艺质量检测.      

Correction to: Determining the Relative Cratering Ages of Regions of Psyche’s Surface

Space Science Reviews - Analysis of Homestake, Gallex and GNO measurements reveals evidence of variability of presumed solar-neutrino-flux measurements. Analysis of Super-Kamiokande neutrino...     

A lunar cargo mission design strategy using variable low thrust

A design technique for a near optimal, Earth–Moon transfer trajectory using continuous variable low thrust is proposed. For the Earth–Moon transfer trajectory, analytical and numerical methods are combined to formulate the trajectory optimization problem. The basic concept of the proposed technique is to utilize analytically optimized solutions when the spacecraft is flying near a central body where the transfer trajectories are nearly circular shaped, and to use a numerical optimization method to match the spacecraft’s states to establish a final near optimal trajectory. The plasma thruster is considered as the main propulsion system which is currently being developed for crewed/cargo missions for interplanetary flight. The gravitational effects of the 3rd body and geopotential effects are included during the trajectory optimization process. With the proposed design technique, Earth–Moon transfer trajectory is successfully designed with the plasma thruster having a thrust direction sequence of “fixed-varied-fixed” and a thrust acceleration sequence of “constant-variable-constant”. As this strategy has the characteristics of a lesser computational load, little sensitivity to initial conditions, and obtaining solutions quickly, this method can be utilized in the initial scoping studies for mission design and analysis. Additionally, derived near optimal trajectory solution can be used as for initial trajectory solution for further detailed optimization problem. The demonstrated results will give various insights into future lunar cargo trajectories using plasma thrusters with continuous variable low thrust, establishing approximate costs as well as trajectory characteristics.     

Effects of Hybrid Voltages on Oxide Formation on 6061 Al-alloys During Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation

Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) is carried out on 6061 Al-alloys in a weak alkaline electrolyte containing NaOH, Na₂SiO₃ and NaCl. Centered on the correlation of composition and structure, analyses by means of X-ray diffration (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometry (EDS) are conducted on the specimens, which have been PEO-treated under hybrid voltages of different direct current (DC) values (140-280 V) with constant alternate current (AC) amplitude (200 V). Attention is paid to the composition, properties and growth mechanism of oxide layers formed with hybrid voltages. Moreover, the main effects of DC value are discussed. Ceramic layers with a double-layer structure which combines hard outer and soft inner layers are found to be consist of α-Al₂O₃, γ-Al₂O₃ and mullite. With the DC values increasing, the growth of the ceramic layers tends to have increasingly obvious three-stage feature.     

A comparative study on acoustic damping induced by half-wave, quarter-wave, and Helmholtz resonators

The damping characteristics of three-type resonators, a half-wave, a quarter-wave, and a Helmholtz resonator are studied experimentally by adopting linear acoustic test. A quantitative acoustic property of sound absorption coefficient in a model enclosure with the resonators is measured and thereby, the acoustic-damping capacity of a resonator is characterized. For a comparative study on acoustic damping, the damping capacity of a half-wave resonator is compared with that of the other resonators. A half-wave and a quarter-wave resonators have the same damping mechanism, but a quarter-wave resonator has much larger damping capacity than a half-wave resonator with the same diameter of a single resonator. It is found that shorter length of a resonator has the advantage of longer one with respect to the damping capacity. The damping capacity of a Helmholtz resonator increases with cavity volume and does as the orifice length decreases. A Helmholtz resonator has the highest damping capacity of three-type resonators and a half-wave resonator has the lowest. Besides, a Helmholtz resonator requires the smallest number of resonators for optimal damping. The design criterion of each resonator on the optimal damping is provided by the normalized parameter of open-area ratio and the similarity behavior for the optimal damping is observed for various enclosure diameters.     

In-Situ CHAMP Observation of Ionosphere-Thermosphere Coupling

The coupling between the ionised plasma and the neutral thermospheric particles plays an important role for the dynamics of the upper atmosphere. Significant progress in understanding the related processes has been achieved thanks to the availability of continuous accurate measurements of thermospheric parameters like mass density and wind by high resolution accelerometers on board the satellites CHAMP and GRACE. Here we present some examples of ionosphere-thermosphere coupling where CHAMP observations contributed considerably to their interpretation. We start with the derived properties of the thermosphere at altitudes around 400 km. A new aspect is the significant control of the geomagnetic field geometry on thermospheric features. Phenomena discussed in some depths are the equatorial mass density anomaly, the cusp-related mass density enhancement and the thermospheric response to magnetospheric substorms. Here we consider both the effect on the density and on the wind. A?long predicted process is the wind-driven ionospheric F region dynamo. The high-resolution magnetic field measurements of CHAMP enabled for the first time a systematic study of that phenomenon considering longitudinal, local time, seasonal and solar flux dependences. Some open issues that require further investigations are mentioned at the end.     

Large-signal stability analysis of solar array power system

A large-signal stability analysis of the solar array regulator system is performed to facilitate the design and analysis of a low-earth-orbit (LEO) satellite power system. The effective load characteristics of various control methods in the solar array regulator system, such as the constant power load, variable power load, constant voltage load, constant current load, and constant resistive load, are classified to analyze the large-signal stability. Then, using the state plane analysis technique, the large-signal behavior of the solar array system is portrayed and the stability of various equilibrium points is analyzed. Thus, this approach can be contributed to organize the optimal controller structure of the system by representing the relationship between the control method of the solar array regulator and the large-signal stability. For the verification of the proposed large-signal analysis, a solar array regulator system that consists of two 100 W parallel module buck converters has been built and tested using a real 200 W solar array.     

Keys to automate supply chains with smart labels

RFID technology is a popular research topic for both academia and industrial practitioners in recent years. However, most published articles focus on the technology itself and seldom discuss the implementation issues of RFID-based systems. This article sets out to fill this gap by proposing some key aspects to automate RFID-enabled systems, in particular supply chains