排序方式: 共有61条查询结果,搜索用时 30 毫秒
21.
Roberto Armellin Juan F. San-Juan 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2018,61(4):1097-1120
Nowadays there is international consensus that space activities must be managed to minimize debris generation and risk. The paper presents a method for the end-of-life (EoL) disposal of spacecraft in Medium Earth Orbit (MEO). The problem is formulated as a multiobjective optimisation one, which is solved with an evolutionary algorithm. An impulsive manoeuvre is optimised to reenter the spacecraft in Earth’s atmosphere within 100?years. Pareto optimal solutions are obtained using the manoeuvre and the time-to-reentry as objective functions to be minimised. To explore at the best the search space a semi-analytical orbit propagator, which can propagate an orbit for 100?years in few seconds, is adopted. An in-depth analysis of the results is carried out to understand the conditions leading to a fast reentry with minimum propellant. For this aim a new way of representing the disposal solutions is introduced. With a single 2D plot we are able to fully describe the time evolution of all the relevant orbital parameters as well as identify the conditions that enables the eccentricity build-up. The EoL disposal of the Galileo constellation is used as test case. 相似文献
22.
Studies on the colonization of environmentally extreme ground surfaces were conducted in a Mars-like desert area of Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, with microalgae and cyanobacteria. We collected and mass-cultured cyanobacterial strains from these regions and investigated their ability to form desert crusts artificially. These crusts had the capacity to resist sand wind erosion after just 15 days of growth. Similar to the surface of some Chinese deserts, the surface of Mars is characterized by a layer of fine dust, which will challenge future human exploration activities, particularly in confined spaces that will include greenhouses and habitats. We discuss the use of such crusts for the local control of desert sands in enclosed spaces on Mars. These experiments suggest innovative new directions in the applied use of microbe-mineral interactions to advance the human exploration and settlement of space. 相似文献
23.
Peter W. A. Roming Thomas E. Kennedy Keith O. Mason John A. Nousek Lindy Ahr Richard E. Bingham Patrick S. Broos Mary J. Carter Barry K. Hancock Howard E. Huckle S D. Hunsberger Hajime Kawakami Ronnie Killough T Scott Koch Michael K. Mclelland Kelly Smith Philip J. Smith Juan Carlos Soto Patricia T. Boyd Alice A. Breeveld Stephen T. Holland Mariya Ivanushkina Michael S. Pryzby Martin D. Still Joseph Stock 《Space Science Reviews》2005,120(3-4):95-142
The Ultra-Violet/Optical Telescope (UVOT) is one of three instruments flying aboard the Swift Gamma-ray Observatory. It is designed to capture the early (∼1 min) UV and optical photons from the afterglow of gamma-ray
bursts in the 170–600 nm band as well as long term observations of these afterglows. This is accomplished through the use
of UV and optical broadband filters and grisms. The UVOT has a modified Ritchey–Chrétien design with micro-channel plate intensified
charged-coupled device detectors that record the arrival time of individual photons and provide sub-arcsecond positioning
of sources. We discuss some of the science to be pursued by the UVOT and the overall design of the instrument. 相似文献
24.
Deep and Shallow Solid-Earth Structures Reconstructed with Sequential Integrated Inversion (SII) of Seismic and Gravity Data 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
In this paper, the possibility of using simultaneously seismic and gravity data, for the reconstruction of solid-Earth structures,
has been investigated through the use of an algorithm which allows joint efficient and reliable optimisation of compressional
velocity and mass density parameters. We view the measured data as a realisation of a stochastic process generated by the
physical parameters to be sought and we construct a “probability density function” which includes three kinds of information:
information derived from gravity measurements; information derived from seismic travel time inversion and information on the
physical correlation among density and velocity parameters. We show that combining data has a beneficial effect on the inversion
since: it makes the problem more stable and as a consequence, providing that the quality of data is sufficiently high, enables
more accurate and reliable reconstruction of the unknown parameters. In this context, we look forward the GOCE mission, which
promises high spatial resolution (100–200 km) and accurate (1–2 mGals) gravity data.
We show results obtained from data sets calculated for a lateral inhomogeneous earth synthetic model and from seismic and
gravity field data analysed:
— in the framework of TOMOVES (TOMOgraphy of Mt. VESuvius) experiment, an European project aiming at reconstructing the 3-D
image of Mt. Vesuvius volcano and the crust underneath. using high resolution seismic tomography techniques and other geophysical
methods;
— for a profile inserted in a project aiming at reconstructing the crustal structure between Corsica and the Northern Appennines
which crosses the Ligurian Sea and cuts the Ligurian Appennines W of La Spezia, extending up to Parma.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
25.
The paper investigates the problem of nonlinear filtering applied to spacecraft navigation. Differential algebraic (DA) techniques are proposed as a valuable tool to implement the higher-order numerical and analytic extended Kalman filters. Working in the DA framework allows us to consistently reduce the required computational effort without losing accuracy. The performance of the proposed filters is assessed on different orbit determination problems with realistic orbit uncertainties. The case of nonlinear measurements is also considered. Numerical simulations show the good performance of the filter in case of both complex dynamics and highly nonlinear measurement problems. 相似文献
26.
Adriani A Coradini A Filacchione G Lunine JI Bini A Pasqui C Calamai L Colosimo F Dinelli BM Grassi D Magni G Moriconi ML Orosei R 《Astrobiology》2008,8(3):613-622
The Jovian InfraRed Auroral Mapper (JIRAM) has been accepted by NASA for inclusion in the New Frontiers mission "Juno," which will launch in August 2011. JIRAM will explore the dynamics and the chemistry of Jupiter's auroral regions by high-contrast imaging and spectroscopy. It will also analyze jovian hot spots to determine their vertical structure and infer possible mechanisms for their formation. JIRAM will sound the jovian meteorological layer to map moist convection and determine water abundance and other constituents at depths that correspond to several bars pressure. JIRAM is equipped with a single telescope that accommodates both an infrared camera and a spectrometer to facilitate a large observational flexibility in obtaining simultaneous images in the L and M bands with the spectral radiance over the central zone of the images. Moreover, JIRAM will be able to perform spectral imaging of the planet in the 2.0-5.0 microm interval of wavelengths with a spectral resolution better than 10 nm. Instrument design, modes, and observation strategy will be optimized for operations onboard a spinning satellite in polar orbit around Jupiter. The JIRAM heritage comes from Italian-made, visual-infrared imaging spectrometers dedicated to planetary exploration, such as VIMS-V on Cassini, VIRTIS on Rosetta and Venus Express, and VIR-MS on the Dawn mission. 相似文献
27.
Irma Rodríguez-Pérez Cristina García-Serrano Carlos Catalán Catalán Alvaro Mozo García Patrizia Tavella Lorenzo Galleani Francisco Amarillo 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2011
A new integrity monitoring mechanisms to be implemented on-board on a GNSS taking advantage of inter-satellite links has been introduced. This is based on accurate range and Doppler measurements not affected neither by atmospheric delays nor ground local degradation (multipath and interference). By a linear combination of the Inter-Satellite Links Observables, appropriate observables for both satellite orbits and clock monitoring are obtained and by the proposed algorithms it is possible to reduce the time-to-alarm and the probability of undetected satellite anomalies. 相似文献
28.
Roberto Bruno Bruno Bavassano Raffaella D’amicis Vincenzo Carbone Luca Sorriso-Valvo Ermanno Pietropaolo 《Space Science Reviews》2006,122(1-4):321-328
The observations at different solar distances and latitudes, collected in the past three decades, and the results obtained
from more and more sophisticated numerical simulations allowed us to reach a good understanding on many aspects of the complex
phenomenon of solar wind turbulence. Moreover, new interesting insights in the theory of turbulence have been obtained, in
the past decade, from the point of view that considers a turbulent flow as a complex system, where chaotic behavior and well-established
scaling laws coexist. This review aims to provide a quick overview on the state of art in this research field with particular
focus on local generation mechanisms. 相似文献
29.
José Luis Ballester Igor Alexeev Manuel Collados Turlough Downes Robert F. Pfaff Holly Gilbert Maxim Khodachenko Elena Khomenko Ildar F. Shaikhislamov Roberto Soler Enrique Vázquez-Semadeni Teimuraz Zaqarashvili 《Space Science Reviews》2018,214(2):58
Partially ionized plasmas are found across the Universe in many different astrophysical environments. They constitute an essential ingredient of the solar atmosphere, molecular clouds, planetary ionospheres and protoplanetary disks, among other environments, and display a richness of physical effects which are not present in fully ionized plasmas. This review provides an overview of the physics of partially ionized plasmas, including recent advances in different astrophysical areas in which partial ionization plays a fundamental role. We outline outstanding observational and theoretical questions and discuss possible directions for future progress. 相似文献
30.
Petr Štěpánek Carlos Javier Rodriguez-Solano Urs Hugentobler Vratislav Filler 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2014
The high precision of estimated station coordinates and Earth rotation parameters (ERP) obtained from satellite geodetic techniques is based on the precise determination of the satellite orbit. This paper focuses on the analysis of the impact of different orbit parameterizations on the accuracy of station coordinates and the ERPs derived from DORIS observations. In a series of experiments the DORIS data from the complete year 2011 were processed with different orbit model settings. First, the impact of precise modeling of the non-conservative forces on geodetic parameters was compared with results obtained with an empirical-stochastic modeling approach. Second, the temporal spacing of drag scaling parameters was tested. Third, the impact of estimating once-per-revolution harmonic accelerations in cross-track direction was analyzed. And fourth, two different approaches for solar radiation pressure (SRP) handling were compared, namely adjusting SRP scaling parameter or fixing it on pre-defined values. 相似文献