环境严酷性指数腐蚀当量方法及其应用研究

 建立统一的腐蚀损伤环境变量——环境严酷性指数（ESI）,并研究其在飞机结构耐久性设计中的应用。在材料/结构腐蚀与单一环境类型/要素/强度关系基础上,按照《由电化学测量值计算腐蚀率和相关量的标准方法》(ASTM G102 89),引入并给出相应的ESI,并在一定工程假设下,给出在综合环境(由不同环境类型/要素/强度组成)作用下的ESI。同时,在腐蚀损伤等效原则下,用标准的环境类型/要素/强度及其作用时间当量化地表征综合环境及相应的作用时间(即环境谱),为环境加速试验环境当量提供依据并形成环境当量谱以应用于飞机结构耐久性设计中的腐蚀防护与控制(EEF),评估结构的检查周期/日历寿命。根据相关试验结果计算了典型金属材料在不同环境中的环境严酷性指数及环境当量化系数(EEF), 给出了环境简化或折算的算例。     

基于传动误差和齿面印痕控制的弧齿锥齿轮小轮加工参数的设计(英文)

This paper proposes a new approach to design pinion machine tool-settings for spiral bevel gears by controlling contact path and transmission errors. It is based on the satisfaction of contact condition of three given control points on the tooth surface. The three meshing points are controlled to be on a predesigned straight contact path that meets the pre-designed parabolic function of transmission errors. Designed separately, the magnitude of transmission errors and the orientation of the contact path are subjected to precise control. In addition, in order to meet the manufacturing requirements, we suggest to modify the values of blank offset, one of the pinion machine tool-settings, and redesign pinion ma- chine tool-settings to ensure that the magnitude and the geometry of transmission errors should not be influenced apart from minor effects on the predesigned straight contact path. The proposed approach together with its ideas has been proven by a numerical example and the manufacturing practice of a pair of spiral bevel gears.     

Magnetosphere response to the 2005 and 2006 extreme solar events as observed by the Cluster and Double Star spacecraft

The four identical Cluster spacecraft, launched in 2000, orbit the Earth in a tetrahedral configuration and on a highly eccentric polar orbit (4–19.6 R_E). This allows the crossing of critical layers that develop as a result of the interaction between the solar wind and the Earth’s magnetosphere. Since 2004 the Chinese Double Star TC-1 and TC-2 spacecraft, whose payload comprise also backup models of instruments developed by European scientists for Cluster, provided two additional points of measurement, on a larger scale: the Cluster and Double Star orbits are such that the spacecraft are almost in the same meridian, allowing conjugate studies. The Cluster and Double Star observations during the 2005 and 2006 extreme solar events are presented, showing uncommon plasma parameters values in the near-Earth solar wind and in the magnetosheath. These include solar wind velocities up to ∼900 km s⁻¹ during an ICME shock arrival, accompanied by a sudden increase in the density by a factor of ∼5 and followed by an enrichment in He⁺⁺ in the secondary front of the ICME. In the magnetosheath ion density values as high as 130 cm⁻³ were observed, and the plasma flow velocity there reached values even higher than the typical solar wind velocity. These resulted in unusual dayside magnetosphere compression, detection of penetrating high-energy particles in the magnetotail, and ring current development following several successive injections of energetic particles in the inner magnetosphere, which “washed out” the previously formed nose-like ion structures.     

RBCC推进系统主火箭发动机气氧／煤油推力室研究

为满足RBCC推进系统主火箭发动机对气氧／煤油推力室的要求,对其进行了高燃烧室压力和温度、大范围变工况工作研究。气氧／煤油推力室喷注器采用中心区气液双组元内混式喷嘴和边区直流喷嘴结合结构,身部采用夹层冷却结构。通过对推力室气氧／煤油推进剂的点火及雾化混合技术、推力室喷注器及身部冷却设计技术、推力室的点火启动、稳态工作等关键技术的研究表明,推力室在室压3MPa、5MPa工况下可稳定燃烧。额定推力650N的气氧／煤油推力室方案可靠、点火工作正常,可以满足大范围变工况稳定工作要求。     

分谐波混频技术在Ka频段直接调制器中的应用

文章分析了微波直接调制技术的实现方式,提出了一种采用分谐波混频技术实现Ka频段直接调制器的方案,并对分谐波混频模块进行了仿真调试,达到了预期的目的。     

玻璃纤维表面处理技术研究进展

为了充分发挥玻璃纤维在玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料中的承载作用,需对其表面进行预处理,以便形成有效的界面粘结,可大大提高复合材料综合性能.本文阐述了玻璃纤维增强树脂基复合材料界面改性研究近况,并讨论了目前存在的主要问题及发展方向.     

基于ANSYS的压电陶瓷PLZT特性仿真分析

针对传统的解析法和有限元法在压电陶瓷分析中的弊端,采用有限元软件ANSYS对压电陶瓷掺镧锆钛酸铅(PLZT)进行特性分析.介绍了大型有限元分析软件ANSYS及其耦合场分析功能,建立了PLZT的ANSYS模型用于分析单片、叠层和双晶片型PLZT的静动态特性.单片PLZT的输出位移与所加电压和外力载荷均成线性关系;叠层结构的输出位移因粘结层的变形而小于理论输出值;双晶片变形的ANSYS计算结果同理论分析很相近.进行压电器件分析时,可先通过ANSYS软件建立实体模型,设定几何尺寸和材料特性参数进行性能仿真,并且针对不同器件只需修改参数,程序通用性好.      

静叶角度调节对组合压气机性能优化机理

采用流线曲率法求解组合压气机的准三维流场,在叶片排前后缘及中间设置计算站,使用样条函数拟合流线;根据组合压气机结构特点,发展了适合其特性计算的损失、落后角模型及计算程序;将特性计算程序与导、静叶角度优化调节方案相结合,确定出不同设计转速下,导、静叶最佳调节角度组合.在90%设计转速,近最高效率点处,利用全三维的数值模拟手段分析了组合压气机导、静叶最佳角度调节前后流场结构变化.研究结果表明:导、静叶角度调节削弱了压气机叶片排中的激波强度,减少了损失,同时能抑制气流的分离,明显改善组合压气机的流场结构.      

电致动聚合物致动器材料及放大结构综述

为满足航天应用的需要,本文对EAP材料研究情况和它们典型的压电致动器放大结构发展趋势进行了综述。首先比较了干湿EAP材料的特性,提出了应用中需要注意的一些问题;其次,以典型的压电致动器放大结构为例,分析了其优缺点,强调了一些新颖的概念。最后指出,为克服航天应用中EAP致动器力和行程的限制,需要根据实际应用从材料和放大结构两方面展开深入研究。     

桥梁断面的气动导数和颤振临界风速的数值计算

选取有代表性的大海带东桥、南京二桥流线型闭口箱梁断面和荆沙桥钝头开口板梁断面,用动网格法考虑流体和结构的耦合作用,用有限单元法求解原始变量二维不可压粘性流体的Ｎ－Ｓ方程,计算其气动导数,并用半逆解法确定颤振临界风速。计算结果和实验值相当吻合。