一种非线性最优导弹制导律

以质点飞行器的非线性运动方程为基础，研究了导弹拦截目标问题。运用线化变换理论和线性二次型微分对策理论，导出了导弹和目标的最优控制策略，对导弹最优策略进行了综合分析，给出了一种可以实时实现的最优制导律。并以某型中远程地－空导弹的气动数据和数学模型为基础，进行了全弹道拦截数字仿真，仿真结果表明：该制导律在减少终端脱靶量方面比空间比例导引的效果好。     

突扩后缩型喷管前腔的流场计算

本文是为解决有关发动机喷管的实际烧蚀问题而进行的喷管前腔流场计算分析的一部分。探讨了SIMPLE算法在复杂边界下运行问题,重点研究了突扩后缩型喷管前腔的流场结构。计算表明:本文所提供的双涡系统与Finaish等人的结论是一致的,进一步证实了F.Pan和A.Acrivos的嵌套涡族理论。     

频谱分析仪使用中有关回波损耗的问题

介绍测试射频信号频谱时，减小测试误差的方法，分析了回波损耗的各种情况。     

Active detumbling technology for noncooperative space target with energy dissipation

Space debris is generally a kind of tumbling noncooperative space target which poses a serious threat to human space activities. In active debris removal (ADR) missions, capturing a space target directly may cause damage to space manipulator and chaser satellite, so it is a feasible strategy to reduce the angular velocity of space target to an acceptable range in the pre-capture phase. In this paper, an active detumbling technology for a free-floating tumbling space target with energy dissipation is studied, and an effective detumbling method utilizing intermittent contact impact between the space target and despin mechanism is proposed. First, the dynamic model of the space target is set up by the Jourdain’s velocity variation principle. Then, a contact model between the space target and despin mechanism is established based on the Hertz contact theory and the method of computer graphics. Finally, the detumbling method is validated by numerical simulations. Simulation results show that our method can reduce the angular velocity of the space target effectively without causing large nutation.     

Simulation of rocket plume and lunar dust using DSMC method

When lunar modules land on the Moon, dust impingement on the lunar module components and deposition on the thermal and optical surfaces would cause many serious problems. The emphasis of this research is on simulating the interaction of rocket plume and lunar dust using the direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC) method. The method is extended to model the movement and collision stages of rarefied plume gas and dust particles, including three collisional mechanisms: molecule–molecule, molecule–particle and particle–particle collisions. The reflection of gas molecules on the particle surface is computed by an indirect approach based on the coordinate transformation. Neighboring-cell contact detection scheme is applied to check for contacts between all possible particle pairs. The simulation results show that the acceleration of dust particle is mostly determined by the parameters of plume field. In the computational regions with larger gas density and velocity the particles can be accelerated to larger velocity and convected to higher temperature.     

可压缩流动转捩的迭代求解

本文叙述了高速可压缩边办流动稳定性和转捩点预报的数值计算方法，特别是Ｒａｙｌｅｉｇｈ反迭代法与边界层渐近匹配方法的配合，有效地提高了计算精度，节省了存储和计算时间，本文给出的评定界层第一模式的稳定性分析和转捩区数值预报结果，与已有的实验结果一致。     

Ti60钛合金电子束焊接接头性能及组织

采用ELA-30中压型电子束焊机对Ti60钛合金进行焊接,并对其接头显微组织和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明:Ti60钛合金可焊性良好,选择合适的工艺参数能达到优质的接头;其焊缝显微组织主要为针状细小的α’马氏体及片状的初生α组织,母材显微组织为等轴组织初生α+片层β转变组织;其接头断裂的断口面主要表现为韧性断裂;焊缝区域的显微硬度稍高于基体;室温抗拉强度达到母材的95.7%,冲击韧度达到母材的64%;600℃下接头抗拉强度达到母材的91.7%。     

提高锻模寿命的途径

针对锻模在使用过程中常见的两种失效形式 ,即热磨损和热疲劳裂纹 ,分析了其产生的原因 ,并提出了为提高锻模寿命而应采取的措施     

高强度碳纤维增强复合材料层合板的钻削制孔过程及其缺陷形成分析

单向层合结构的高强度碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料已逐渐发展成为航空承力结构件的主要材料,相关的切削加工需求也越来越多。由于显著的各向异性,单向层合结构的碳纤维复合材料易在切削加工中形成缺陷,难切削加工性明显。针对T800级高强度CFRP单向层合材料开展直角自由切削试验,研究其在切削过程中的切削力和切削热随纤维方向角的变化产生的各向异性行为。针对制孔刀具三尖钻和八面钻开展CFRP层合板的钻削制孔试验,研究了三尖钻和八面钻的具体钻削过程中切削力、扭矩和切削温度的变化规律及其对钻削缺陷形成的影响。此外,对钻削制孔形成的孔壁加工表面进行分析,得到了典型孔壁缺陷的形貌照片并分析其形成原因。     

Response of photosynthetic systems to salinity stress in the desert cyanobacterium Scytonema javanicum

The present study investigated the physiological and biochemical characteristics of Scytonema javanicum, a pioneer species isolated from desert biological crusts, under salinity stress. Pigment analysis showed that salinity decreased chlorophyll a and phycocyanin content, while low salinity increased carotenoid concentration and high salinity decreased carotenoid concentration. Salinity also inhibited CO₂ assimilation rate and photosynthetic oxygen evolution in this cyanobacterium. Chlorophyll a fluorescence transient parameters (φPo, φEo, ψO, RC/ABS, RC/CS, PI_ABS, and PI_CS) were decreased under salt stress, while dVo/dto(Mo), Vj and φDo were increased. The decrease of ETRmax and Yield and the change of chlorophyll a fluorescence transients showed that salt stress had an important influence on photosynthesis. These results indicated that the effects of salinity stress on photosynthesis in S. javanicum may depend on the inhibition of electron transport and the inactivation of the reaction centers, but this inhibition may occur in the electron transport pathway at the PSII donor and acceptor sites.