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901.
902.
D. V. Kartashov O. B. Shchuko R. Orosei 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2004,33(12):2263-2269
The structure of the pulse radar signal reflected from continuously changing layered Martian crust is investigated theoretically. As a simple model of stratigraphy, we considered one layer with electrodynamics’ parameters increasing or decreasing exponentially upon a depth laying on monolith base and covered by homogeneous layer. This exponential changing of electromagnetic properties of the layer is assumed due to exponential changing of porosity (or saturation) in the bedrocks with pores filled by seawater. The conditions of subsurface features resolution are obtained. It is shown that the sign and value for gradient of the electromagnetic properties change can be resolved from the reflection peaks trend. These results are important for subsurface detection of liquid water on Mars by orbit-based radars. 相似文献
903.
Biological dosimetry in Russian and Italian astronauts. 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
O Greco M Durante G Gialanella G Grossi M Pugliese P Scampoli G Snigiryova G Obe 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2003,31(6):1495-1503
Large uncertainties are associated with estimates of equivalent dose and cancer risk for crews of long-term space missions. Biological dosimetry in astronauts is emerging as a useful technique to compare predictions based on quality factors and risk coefficients with actual measurements of biological damage in-flight. In the present study, chromosomal aberrations were analyzed in one Italian and eight Russian cosmonauts following missions of different duration on the MIR and the international space station (ISS). We used the technique of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) to visualize translocations in chromosomes 1 and 2. In some cases, an increase in chromosome damage was observed after flight, but no correlation could be found between chromosome damage and flight history, in terms of number of flights at the time of sampling, duration in space and extra-vehicular activity. Blood samples from one of the cosmonauts were exposed in vitro to 6 MeV X-rays both before and after the flight. An enhancement in radiosensitivity induced by the spaceflight was observed. 相似文献
904.
A wind turbine driven variable speed power generation system using a static Sherbius scheme in the generation mode is described. A control methodology to adapt the power output characteristics of double output induction generator to the output characteristics of the driving turbine is proposed. The control scheme has been implemented and experimental test results show that the induction machine can be made to adapt to the desired characteristics. 相似文献
905.
H. Steinle H. Bloemen W. Collmar R. Diehl W. Hermsen G. Lichti M. McConnell J. Ryan V. Schnfelder G. Stacy A. W. Strong B. N. Swanenburg M. Varendorff O. R. Williams 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1993,13(12):731-734
During the first part of the COMPTON Gamma Ray Observatory sky survey, COMPTEL has detected the quasars 3C273 and 3C279 and the radio galaxy Centaurus A. This paper summarizes the preliminary findings and gives an upper limit on the MeV flux of the Seyfert galaxy NGC4151. 相似文献
906.
O. G. Gazenko E. A. Ilyin 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》1986,6(12):101-106
The program of the 7-day flight of the biosatellite Cosmos-1667 launched in July 1985 included experiments on two rhesus monkeys, ten Wistar SPF rats, ten newts, Drosophila flies, maize seedlings, lettuce sprouts, and unicellular organisms - Tetrahymena. The primate study demonstrated that transition to orbital flight was accompanied by a greater excitability of the vestibular apparatus and an increased linear blood flow velocity in the common carotid artery. The rat studies showed that atrophy of antigravity muscles and osteoporosis of limb bones developed even during short-term exposure to microgravity. The experiments on other living systems revealed no microgravity effects on the cell division rate, proliferative activity of cells of regenerating tissues and organs, energy metabolism of developing insects, structure or chemical composition of higher plant seedlings. 相似文献
907.
A. A. Fedorova O. I. Korablev S. Perrier J. -L. Bertaux F. Lefevre A. Rodin A. Kiselev 《Cosmic Research》2006,44(4):294-304
The SPICAM experiment onboard the Mars-Express spacecraft includes sounding the Martian atmosphere in the ultra-violet (118–320 nm) and near IR (1–1.7 μm) ranges. The infrared spectrometer operates in the range of 1–1.7 μm with a resolution of 3.5 cm?1 in the mode of nadir observations and solar and stellar occulations. This paper is devoted to analyzing the basic results of nadir observations of the infra-red SPICAM channel during the first Martian year of the instrument operation: from January 2004 to November 2005. One of the primary goals of SPICAM-IR is water vapor monitoring in the atmosphere of Mars in the band of 1.37 μm and ozone abundance determination from the day-time airglow of molecular oxygen O2(a 1Δg) in the band of 1.27 μm. Simultaneous measurements of these minor constituents of the planet are necessary for understanding photochemical processes in the Martian atmosphere. The degree of their anticorrelation and a comparison with the results of photochemical modeling of the atmosphere will contribute to our knowledge of the Martian atmosphere stability. 相似文献
908.
A multispectral scanner system for spaceborne remote sensing of land and coastal/ocean features is under development for the German Ministry for Research and Technology. The system is based on the use of multilinear detector arrays for visible and infrared spectral bands.The electronically scanning image system MOMS (Modular Optoelectronical Multispectral Scanner) consists of individual spectral channel modules which can be grouped to dedicated mission tasks. Those dedicated tasks are land surface thematic mapping, sea or vegetation monitoring and in a stereo mode conventional photo interpretation and mapping.The basic performance data would allow up to 10,000 pixels per scan line, corresponding to about 20 m resolution at 200 km swath width out of observation satellite altitudes with narrower spectral bands than used on the current systems. High spectral resolution (up to 20 nm) is feasible at medium spatial resolution (~ 60 m).An experimental airborne scanner has been successfully flown in spring 1978. High-resolution modules development in the visible/NIR is under way and will be flight tested in early 1981. 相似文献
909.
Aleksashkin S. N. Bobylev A. V. Vlasenko O. V. Pichkhadze K. M. Terterashvili A. V. Yaroshevsky V. A. 《Cosmic Research》2003,41(3):280-284
The possibility of using an inflatable braking device for controlled descent in the Martian atmosphere of large-capacity cargoes is analyzed. The most complicated version of the trajectory control problem is considered, namely, the injection of a spacecraft at hyperbolic velocity into a parking orbit after braking in the atmosphere. 相似文献
910.
On the base of the laser altimetry results obtained using the orbital altimeter MOLA (the MGS mission) and the data of radio occultation experiments of transionospheric sounding of the Mars ionosphere, a method for interpretation of the planet radar sounding data is developed. The proposed method includes a program package for numerical simulation of the process of radiowave propagation through the media under study. 相似文献