航天飞行器中舷窗温度场及换热的研究：外部界面处于第三类非线性边界条件

本文采用控制容积法,光线踪迹法结合谱带模型,研究航天飞机返回大气层时舷窗硅玻璃的非稳态复合换热。文章给出了界面S_2处于第三类非线性边界条件下,舷窗硅玻璃内部的温度场和进入机舱内部的热流密度。计算结果表明,如不考虑硅玻璃内部的辐射作用,对温度场影响不太大,但对进入机舱内的热流密度将会产生很大的误差。     

Application of the Method of Integral Manifolds for Construction of Resonant Curves for the Problem of Spacecraft Entry into the Atmosphere

The separation of motions into slow (precession) and fast (nutation) components in the problem of the entry of a spacecraft (SC) with a small asymmetry into the atmosphere is considered. For the separation of the slow and fast motions the method of integral manifolds is used together with the asymptotic method for singularly perturbed systems. The separation of motions allows one to isolate the frequencies that are functions of the slow variables of a system, and further on, after determining the integer relations between them, to construct the resonant curves (surfaces). This method gives the possibility to analyze the conditions of the emergence of resonances for a SC at angles of attack that are not small and when aerodynamic characteristics are nonlinear. Examples of the construction of resonant curves for a SC with typical aerodynamic characteristics are considered.     

基于低端MCU的嵌入式IPv6协议栈的设计与实现

大多数8位MCU的嵌入式设备通过TCP/IPv4协议接入互联网,致使原本资源匮乏的IPv4地址空间更加紧张.提出了一种基于操作系统无关性的IPv6协议栈的设计方案,对IPv6、ICMPv6、ND协议进行了裁减,并进行了相关测试.结果表明,通过该协议栈将嵌入式设备接入Internet的方法,使得IPv6协议在嵌入式低端应用领域的普及成为可能.     

Increased BLSS closure using mineralized human waste in plant cultivation on a neutral substrate

The purpose of this work was to study the full-scale potential use of human mineralized waste (feces and urine) as a source of mineral elements for plant cultivation in a biological life support system (BLSS). Plants that are potential candidates for a photosynthesizing link were grown on a neutral solution containing human mineralized waste. Spring wheat Triticum aestivum L., peas Pisum sativum L. Ambrosia cultivar and leaf lettuce Lactuca sativa L., Vitaminny variety, were used. The plants were grown hydroponically on expanded clay aggregates in a vegetation chamber in constant environmental conditions. During plant growth, a determined amount of human mineralized waste was added daily to the nutrient solution. The nutrient solution remained unchanged throughout the vegetation period. Estimated plant requirements for macro-elements were based on a total biological productivity of 0.04 kg day⁻¹ m⁻². As the plant requirements for potassium exceeded the potassium content of human waste, a water extract of wheat straw containing the required amount of potassium was added to the nutrient solution. The Knop’s solution was used in the control experiments.     

Analysis of the Cyclotron Facility calibration and aircraft dosimetry results from the LIULIN-3M instrument.

The LIULIN-3M instrument is a further development of the LIULIN dosimeter-radiometer, used on the MIR spacestation during the 1988-1994 time period. The LIULIN-3M is designed for continuous monitoring of the radiation environment during the BION-12 satellite flight in 1999. A semiconductor detector with 1 mm thickness and cm2 area is contained in the instrument. Pulse high analysis technique is used to determine the energy losses in the detector. The final data from the instrument are the flux and the dose rate for the exposure time and 256 channels of absorbed dose spectra based on the assumption that the particle flux is normal to the detector. The LIULIN-3M instrument was calibrated by proton fluxes with different energies at the Indiana University Cyclotron Facility in June 1997 and had been used for radiation measurements during commercial aircraft flights. The calibration procedure and some flight results are presented in this paper.     

UG在高速加工中的应用

高速加工(HSM)具有许多优点，被广泛应用在航空产品的数控加工中。但是使用高速加工技术，不仅要有适合高速加工的设备，选择适合进行高速加工的刀具，更为重要的是选择合理的编程策略。任何编程策略的不合理都会造成严重的后果。所以数控编程一直是高速加工的重点和难点。以UG软件为研究对象，作者提出了实现高速加工的数控编程的策略，并使用高速铣雕设备对生成的NG代码进行了加工，加工结果验证了NG代码是正确的、合理的。说明了采用合理的加工策略，使用UG软件可以实现高速加工的编程。     

建立装备勤务理论体系的思考

为了适应装备工作发展的客观要求,适应我军装备管理体制改革的迫切需要,建设我军装备勤务新体系及完善军事装备科学理论体系,需要尽快建立和完善装备勤务理论体系.在正确的指导思想和总体目标的指引下,通过运用合理的研究方法,可以构建出具有我军特色的装备勤务理论体系.     

Statistical Relationships between Solar, Interplanetary, and Geomagnetospheric Disturbances, 1976–2000

Within the framework of the Space Weather program, 25-year data sets for solar X-ray observations, measurements of plasma and magnetic field parameters in the solar wind, and D _st index variations are analyzed to reveal the factors that have had the greatest influence on the development of magnetospheric storms. The correlation between solar flares and magnetic storms practically does not exceed a level of correlation for random processes. In particular, no relation was found between the importance of solar flares and the minimum of the D _st index for storms that could be connected with considered flares by their time delay. The coronal mass ejections (CME; data on these phenomena cover a small part of the interval) result in storms with D _st < –60 nT only in half of the cases. The most geoeffective interplanetary phenomena are the magnetic clouds (MC), which many believe to be interplanetary manifestations of CMEs, and compressions in the region of interaction of slow and fast streams in the solar wind (the so-called Corotating Interaction Region, CIR). They correspond to about two-thirds of all observed magnetic storms. For storms with –100 < D _st < –60 nT, the frequencies of storms from MC and CIR being approximately equal. For strong storms with D _st < – 100 nT, the fraction of storms from MC is considerably higher. The problems of reliable prediction of geomagnetic disturbances from observations of the Sun and conditions in interplanetary space are discussed.