海上无人机多机协同巡检航迹规划方法

随着无人机技术应用的不断深入,如何提高无人机编队的协同能力及在复杂动态环境的自适应性,已成为“集群智能”的 1个重要研究方向。文章对海上无人机多机协同航迹规划整体流程进行了分析,分别阐释了静态和动态场景下的多机协同规划方法。静态场景下主要采用分支定界法建立静态问题模型,为每架无人机划分作业区域、生成作业路径,使得整个巡检作业的航迹长度代价与作业时间代价最小;动态场景下主要针对气象变化、连续跟监、海域变化 3种突发场景,侧重于协同决策和路径规划设计对应的目标函数,采用启发式算法为整个巡检作业进行自适应航迹规划,以确保安全性和效率性。实验结果显示,无人机协同路径规划能够根据环境变化和任务需求动态调整多无人机的巡检路径,快速给出不同突发情况下的最佳动态调整方案,以应对复杂的海上环境并动态规避障碍物。     

基于交叉验证的陀螺仪温度漂移建模方法

根据k次交叉验证思想,分别在测量方差已知与未知的情况下引入了一种模型选择准则,该准则充分考虑了模型的拟合能力与预测能力,在获得极大似然估计的同时,避免了参数估计中的过拟合问题。利用这一准则,对陀螺仪误差系数温度漂移建模进行了分析,获得了温度漂移的最优多项式模型。并与传统的AIC准则、MDL准则进行对比,通过Monte Carlo仿真说明了该选择准则在样本较小的情况下具有更好的性质。     

自由射流超燃冲压发动机燃烧室流场对比计算研究

提出一种针对喷射的简化模型，拓展了二维／轴对称NS方程模型的适用范围。通过算例验证，显示出源项加质方法具有良好的质量守恒性。针对文献中的实验进行了对比计算，结果表明，数值模拟与实验点符合得较好，验证了方法的可靠性。采用上述简化模型，针对化学反应过程与流动过程采用了耦合与解耦这两种方法，对放置在自由射流实验台上两种构型的缩比发动机燃烧室段进行了考虑化学反应流场模拟，得到了主要气动参数的分布图。研究了总压耙等测量装置对于流动的影响。计算结果表明，数值模拟所得到的壁面静压值与实验壁面压力符合得较好，并且为合理布置测量仪器提供了一定的参考。     

旋转条件下固体火箭发动机三维内流场数值模拟

基于颗粒轨道模型,通过运动方程加入过载加速度的方式建立了旋转条件下固体火箭发动机内三维两相流的数值模型,并利用该模型研究了不同的旋转加速度对固体火箭发动机中粒子运动轨迹以及聚集浓度的影响。结果表明,随着发动机旋转速度的增大,粒子的聚集带逐渐向壁面附近扩散,在发动机的轴向附近形成一个无粒子区域,旋转速度越大,无粒子区域越大;当旋转速度增加到一定值,粒子的聚集带向外扩散至壁面上,在前封头附近的壁面上形成一条与发动机母线成一定夹角的高浓度聚集带。     

过载状态下固体火箭发动机燃烧室内二相流动数值模拟

对过载状态下固体火箭发动机燃烧室内二相流动进行了数值研究，建立了过载状态下二维平面颗粒轨道模型，应用二阶迎风格式构造了有限体积计算框架，对有过载和无过载多种工况燃烧室内流动进行了计算，得出过载对颗粒相和气相的某些影响，结果对于发动机工作过程研究及发动机热结构设计具有一定指导意义。     

A multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm for network-wide conflict-free 4D flight trajectories planning

Under the demand of strategic air traffic flow management and the concept of trajectory based operations (TBO),the network-wide 4D flight trajectories planning (N4DFTP) problem has been investigated with the purpose of safely and efficiently allocating 4D trajectories (4DTs) (3D position and time) for all the flights in the whole airway network.Considering that the introduction of large-scale 4DTs inevitably increases the problem complexity,an efficient model for strategic level conflict management is developed in this paper.Specifically,a bi-objective N4DFTP problem that aims to minimize both potential conflicts and the trajectory cost is formulated.In consideration of the large-scale,high-complexity,and multi-objective characteristics of the N4DFTP problem,a multi-objective multi-memetic algorithm (MOMMA) that incorporates an evolutionary global search framework together with three problem-specific local search operators is implemented.It is capable of rapidly and effectively allocating 4DTs via rerouting,target time controlling,and flight level changing.Additionally,to balance the ability of exploitation and exploration of the algorithm,a special hybridization scheme is adopted for the integration of local and global search.Empirical studies using real air traffic data in China with different network complexities show that the pro posed MOMMA is effective to solve the N4DFTP problem.The solutions achieved are competitive for elaborate decision support under a TBO environment.     

基于盒式连接和六足机构的翼盒水平装配可重构柔性夹具设计与验证初探

本文基于盒式连接和六足定位技术,提出并设计了一种面向未来翼盒水平装配的可重构柔性夹具的实现方案.首先采用CATIA建立了缩微型柔性装配夹具(工装)的三维模型.其次,对该夹具主要部件的强度,装配过程中的主要运动及安装中的测量工作进行了分析,初步验证了翼盒水平装配柔性夹具设计方案的可行性,为真实尺寸的夹具设计和验证提供了参...     

基于三维静电场的TC4合金叶片预制坯设计

以一种TC4合金叶片为例提出了一种新的基于三维静电场的预成形设计方法.利用塑性变形过程中坯料流动规律类似于静电场等势线这一特征,通过三维静电场模拟选取适当的等势场作为预制坯的基本形状.并利用数值模拟软件对TC4合金叶片的等温成形过程进行模拟,与采用传统经验设计的预制坯成形过程进行了对比.结果表明,采用三维静电场设计的预制坯成形效果良好,该方法特别适合复杂表面锻件体积成形工艺的预制坯设计.     

Efficiency optimized fuel supply strategy of aircraft engine based on air-fuel ratio control

Accurate fuel injection control of aircraft engine can optimize the energy efficiency of UAV power system while meeting the propeller speed requirement. Traditional injection control method such as open-loop calibration causes instability of fuel supply which brings the risk of power loss of UAV. Considering that the closed-loop control of AFR can ensure a stable fuel feeding, this paper proposes an AFR control based fuel supply strategy in order to improve the efficiency of fuel-powered UAV while obtaining the required engine speed. According to the optimum fuel injection results, we implement fuzzy-PID method to control the set AFR in different situations. Through simulation and experiment studies, the results indicate that, to begin with, the calibrated mathematical model of the aircraft engine is effective. Next, this fuel supply strategy based on AFR control can normally realize the engine speed regulation, and the applied control algorithm can eliminate the overshoot of AFR throughout all the working progress. What is more,the fuel supply strategy can averagely shorten the response time of the engine speed by about two seconds. In addition, compared with the open-loop calibration, in this work the power efficiency is improved by 9% to 33%. Last but not the least, the endurance can be improved by 30 min with a normal engine speed. This paper can be a reference for the optimization of UAV aircraft engine.     

直纹二次曲面的实时成像算法

基于二次曲面的等灰度实时成像原理，将二次曲面分成直纹面和非直纹面两类，针对直纹曲面等灰度线的特点，提出了一种非常简洁、有效的二次直纹曲面的实时成像算法。该算法不仅大大提高了这类曲面的成像速度，而且简化了它与其他二次曲面图元拼接形体的实时成像处理过程。