规范疲劳寿命及其标准差

从理论上严格证明了服从对数正态分布的试验寿命的样本标准差服从S分布,给出了母体标准差的无偏估计公式及纠偏系数表。给出了一定置信度下试验寿命安全标准差的计算公式及计算所必须的表格。提出了规范疲劳寿命的概念,它的标准差是试验寿命标准差的加权平均值。     

微波等离子推进器性能预示的工程算法

对微波等离子推进器提出一种快速性能预估的工程算法。假设谐振腔内的工质参数均匀、气体与微波之间的能量耦合良好、喷管内流动为一维管流,利用等离子体的等温模型可以快速地对微波等离子推进器性能进行估算。采用可变节点划分方法处理喷管流场,避免了喉部奇点。计算给出一系列不同输入微波功率、工质流量及放电管内压强条件下合理的发动机性能参数。     

散粒磨粒抛光运动轨迹的仿真与合理参数的选择

通过计算机模拟出磨粒的运动轨迹,从而得出影响抛光质量的因素,并提出了合理的抛光运动参数。     

板宽对胶焊接头应力分布影响的数值分析

采用三维弹塑性有限元方法,研究了酚醛树脂和丙烯酸树脂两种胶粘剂的胶焊接头中,板宽对应力分布的影响。结果表明,酚醛树脂胶粘剂胶焊接头中,搭接区边缘应力值高于焊点边缘应力值,导致接头从搭接区边缘起裂,板宽增大时,焊点边缘处和搭接区边缘的峰应力都减小,对于提高胶焊接头的强度有利,但不会改变接头的断裂形式;丙烯酸树脂胶粘剂的胶焊接头,焊点边缘应力远高于搭接区边缘应力,因此接头从焊点边缘起裂,板宽增大时,焊点边缘应力基本不变。因此增加板宽对提高接头强度无明显作用,接头断裂形式也不发生改变。     

应力集中对GH2036合金低周疲劳—蠕变性能的影响

在对光滑试件和缺口试件进行高温疲劳－蠕变实验的基础上,分析了应力集中对ＧＨ２０３６合金低周疲劳－蠕变特性的影响。结果表明缺口试件的循环寿命远远低于光滑试件的循环寿命。将应变范围划分方法和改进的Ｎｅｕｂｅｒ原理相结合,得到了缺口部位高温低周疲劳－蠕变寿命估测的方法。用该方法估算ＧＨ２０３６合金的寿命并与实测寿命结果进行比较,证明此方法的预测效果良好。     

热障涂层残余应力的相移云纹法测试

本文针对的热障涂层（ＴＢＣ）的细微结构和微小变形特点,提出了一种新的高精度的相移云纹图像处理实验技术,把它同释放法相结合,利用高温云纹光栅,对电子束—物理气相沉积（ＥＢ－ＰＶＤ）热障涂层的残余应力分布进行了测试研究,并与其它方法进行了比较分析。     

利用节流网扩大飞行台试验包线

本文提出了在被试发动机前安装节流网扩大发动机飞行台试验范围的一种方案,给出了相应的节流网设计、计算方法,得到了扩大的飞行试验包线。利用气流流过某型飞机进气道防尘网的总压损失数据,对节流网计算方法的准确性进行了论证。     

湿热对单向复合材料层合板Ⅱ型分层特性的影响

利用横向裂纹拉伸试验模型（Transverse Crack Tension-tension Test）,在3种湿热环境（室温、85℃和85℃/95%RH）条件下,对2种单向碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料（T300/QY8911和HTA/6376）层合板的Ⅱ型分层特性进行了试验研究。结果表明湿热环境导致复合材料层间断裂韧性降低,引起Ⅱ型应变能释放率门槛值显着下降,裂纹扩展速率大大提高,温度的影响较湿度更为明显。利用电镜（SEM）对试样分层表面进行了检测,湿度对断面特征无明显的影响。     

Voyager 2 Solar Wind Observations in the Outer Heliosphere

We discuss the solar wind parameters measured in the distant heliosphere from the Voyager 2 spacecraft. Periodic variations in the speed of the wind observed at roughly the solar rotation period may correspond to interaction regions between slower and faster streams of wind. Since the interplanetary magnetic field is enhanced in such regions, they are important for the study of modulation of cosmic rays. Unfortunately, direct observation of the enhanced magnetic field from Voyager 2 has been made difficult by spacecraft-associated noise since 1989.     

The Low Metallicity Tail of the Halo Metallicity Distribution Function

Ongoing spectroscopy and photometry of stars selected in the HK objective-prism/interference-filter survey of Beers and colleagues has resulted in the identification of many hundreds of additional stars in the halo (and possibly the thick disk) of the Galaxy with abundances [Fe/H] -2.0. A new calibration of the technique for estimation of metal abundance based on a CaII K index as a function of broadband B - V color is applied to obtain metallicities for stars observed with the SSO 2.3m and INT 2.5m telescopes. This new data is combined with other samples of extremely metal-deficient stars (Ryan and Norris, 1991a; Beers et al., 1992; Carney et al., 1994) to form a large database of objects of low metallicity. The combined sample is examined and compared with expectations derived from a Simple Model of Galactic chemical evolution. There appears to be a statistically-significant deficit of stars more metal-weak than [Fe/H] = -3.0. An abundance of [Fe/H] -4.0 can be taken as the low-metallicity limit for presently-observable stars in the Galaxy.