Intergalactic magnetic fields, and some connections with cosmic rays

An overview is presented of the methods of probing for the geometry, and strength of intergalactic magnetic fields. Recent results are briefly surveyed for galaxy halos, galaxy clusters, and the intergalactic medium on various scales, and some rele vant physical processes and radiation processes are mentioned, as well as the coupling between intergalactic magnetic fields and cosmic rays.The general trend of recent results indicates that, wherever we detect intergalactic hot gas and galaxies, we also find magnetic fields at levels of 10^–7 G, or higher. The hitherto undetected, weaker fields in the ratified i.g.m. and in large intergalactic voids could be probed by both Faraday rotation, and possibly using very energetic CR nuclei (> 10²⁰eV), and/or transient extragalactic ray bursts.     

Tracking in clutter with nearest neighbor filters: analysis andperformance

The measurement that is “closest” to the predicted target measurement is known as the “nearest neighbor” (NN) measurement in tracking. A common method currently in wide use for tracking in clutter is the so-called NN filter, which uses only the NN measurement as if it were the true one. The purpose of this work is two fold. First, the following theoretical results are derived: the a priori probabilities of all three data association events (updates with correct measurement, with incorrect measurement, and no update), the probability density functions (pdfs) of the NN measurement conditioned on the association events, and the one-step-ahead prediction of the matrix mean square error (MSE) conditioned on the association events. Secondly, a technique for prediction without recourse to expensive Monte Carlo simulations of the performance of tracking in clutter with the NN filter is presented. It can quantify the dynamic process of tracking divergence as well as the steady-state performance. The technique is a new development along the line of the recently developed general approach to the performance prediction of algorithm with both continuous and discrete uncertainties     

Design of a Correlator for Real-Time Video Comparisons

The problem of locating a reference image within a larger image using a correlation technique is discussed. Although the particular application discussed is that of locating a reference image obtained from one video sensor or a photograph, within the larger field of view obtained from a second video sensor in real time (i.e., at the TV field rate), the results are general and useful for a number of applications. The tradeoffs necessary to obtain real time correlat are discussed and their effect on correlation accuracy is given.     

级联三能级原子系统的量子特征

运用油松分布的性质和二元泰勒级数展开方法，研究了初始处于下能级的级联三能级ＪＣ模型中的原子与两个初始相于辐射场的相互作用，得到了原子能级算符、光子数和偶极矩算符的平均值的近似解析解，与前人数值结果相比，更加明确地反映了系统的量子效应。     

DSP的数学原理及在实时系统的应用

制造系统里所用的微处理器中，单片机只能做逻辑处理和简单数学计算，而数字信号处理器（DSP）可进行相当复杂的数学处理。本文概述DSP的数学原理及其技术特点，介绍了基于DSP智能控制器在制造业中实时测控系统的应用实例。     

无穷观问题的研究(Ⅲ)——‘每一''与‘所有''

本组系列论文（I）－（Ⅴ）从数学和认识论的角度系统地研究了无穷观问题的历史发展和现状，确立了无穷观背景世界的三分法原则，指出了两种穷观相互排斥的局限性，形成了统一两种无穷于同一框架中的基本观点，并建立了一个统一实无限与潜无限于同一框架中的公理集合论系统APAS。     

华东地区围护结构节能研究

根据南京市的典型年逐时气象参数，对于该市的某一座高层建筑物，应用自编的逐时动态负荷模拟程序，输入围护结构（窗户、墙体和屋顶）相关的物理参数及其与周围环境的关系（地点及朝向等），计算围护结构冬季采暖期散热量及夏季制冷得热量。结果表明，采用双层塑窗代替单层塑窗，使用节能墙体代替传统墙体能够使得冬季围护结构传散热量减少51％，夏季围护结构总得热量减少46％。因此，这一结果为华东地区建筑节能技术提供了理论依据。     

金属载体上线天线阻抗与辐射特性的矩量法研究

用线网格模拟金属载体表面，应用矩量法求出天线及载体网格上的电流分布，据此研究在该金属载体影响下的天线特性，在计算阻抗矩阵元素时，利用了非对称正弦偶极子辐射场的精确表达式，并采用了直接复数积分，简化了计算公式，本文给出了几种金属载体上线天线的阻抗与辐射特性的计算结果，它们与有关文献上的数据或实验结果一致，最后计算了一种舰船简单模型上两根线天线的远区辐射场及它们的自阻抗与互阻抗。     

中介时序逻辑系统MTL的模型论性质

时序逻辑作为一种把时间概念直接引入其形式系统的逻辑系统,它具有较强的表达能力,近年来在计算机科学领域获得了广泛的应用.基于中介逻辑对时序逻辑进行多值扩充,建立了一种中介时序逻辑系统MTL(Medium Temporal Logic).讨论了它的形式系统和语义解释,但未论及其完备性.本文对MTL系统作进一步的讨论.在一可传结构下,讨论了它的可传、连通和过滤等模型论性质,为进一步讨论MTL系统的完备性作了理论上的准备.     

基于中介逻辑的多模态逻辑系统

多模态逻辑作为模态逻辑的扩充，是模态逻辑进行时态和动态扩充的基础。中介逻辑是一个新的逻辑系统，自创立后得到了很大发展，并在数理逻辑及计算机科学领域中得到广泛应用。为将中介逻辑进行时态和动态扩充，本文构造了一种基于中介逻辑的多模态逻辑系统ＭＭＫ，讨论了它的推理规则和语义解释，并证明了ＭＭＫ的可靠性和完备性，在此基础上给出了一种基于中介逻辑的时态逻辑系统ＭＴ，对它的可靠性和完备性进行了讨论。最后，分析了相应的经典多模态逻辑系统与ＭＭＫ系统及经典时态逻辑系统和ＭＴ系统之间的关系。