电容式多次放电点火系统设计与试验

针对某型二冲程点燃式空气辅助缸内直喷发动机燃用柴油问题,提出了实现单电容连续多次放电点火的方法,研制了直流电容式多次放电点火模块,进行了多次点火功能性验证及点火能量测试.在此基础上,进行了环境温度为6℃下的冷起动试验及3000r/min小负荷性能试验,结果表明:在该环境条件下,采用5次放电点火策略能够使发动机起动成功,在小负荷工况下,增加点火次数有利于改善缸内燃烧,点火提前角在10°~20°之间时,4次点火对发动机动力性、燃油消耗率及排放性能改善比2次点火更明显,当点火提前角提前至30°后,其改善作用逐渐减小.      

跑道侵入严重度本体建模及等级划分研究

为研究致险因素对跑道侵入严重度的影响,从知识建模角度出发,构建了跑道侵入严重度划分的领域本体模型.采用石川图针对跑道侵入严重度划分问题进行因果分析;进而以跑道场景要素为导向构建本体模型;应用FaCT++推理机对实际案例分析推理,结合DL query 模块辅助验证推理结果.结果表明,本体推理可以支持跑道侵入严重度划分,验证了模型的有效性.     

超声速变马赫数风洞流场参数线性变化验证

旋转喷管型面使超声速变马赫数风洞在单次运行过程中可连续调节实验区的马赫数,便于研究飞行器的机动过程、进气道起动过程中的气动问题。在控制喷管型面旋转过程中,流场参数能否线性变化是衡量超声速变马赫数风洞性能的一个重要指标。分析变马赫数风洞实验区流场参数的线性变化规律,利用弹簧光顺的动网格技术建立数值仿真模型,验证喷管位于马赫数3.041~3.215 范围所对应的位置时,实验区流场参数是否满足线性变化规律。结果表明：通过对喷管型面旋转的控制实现了风洞实验区流场参数的线性变化,动态计算结果与预期实验区流场参数线性变化规律吻合良好;在不同加速度的流场参数线性变化过程中,各时刻实验区的平均参数与预期参数之间的偏差均小于0.13%。     

Crystal orientation and morphology of a lamellae in wrought titanium alloys: On the role of microstructure evolution in b processing

To obtain high-quality aviation forgings of titanium alloys, b forging is an essential processing step which must be considered throughout a production process. In this work, the effect of b forging on the crystal orientation and morphology of lamellar a was experimentally investigated in a two-phase titanium alloy. Strong dynamic recovery during b working resulted in the formation of low-angle grain boundary(LAGBb) inside b grains. The lamellar a can penetrate through the LAGBb, leading to similar intra a LAGBs on subgrain boundaries. Deformation banding occurs at high strain rates, and both diffusive and sharp boundaries of deformation bands can be observed.A continuous change of the b orientation in diffusive boundaries results in the formation of fine and disordered a lamellae without intra-lamellar boundary to hold the Burgers orientation relationship(OR). On sharp boundaries, it is prone to producing continuous grain boundary a(aGB) with a highly similar orientation along the boundaries. Meanwhile, there may exist several lower-angle boundaries within the grain boundary a for a smoother orientation change on the b grain boundary.     

RTK model and positioning performance analysis using Galileo four-frequency observations

This paper proposes a real-time kinematic (RTK) model that uses one common reference satellite for the Galileo system with four frequency observations. In the proposed model, the double-differenced (DD) pseudorange and carrier phase biases among the different frequencies are estimated as unknown parameters to recover the integer features of the DD ambiguities among the different frequencies for ambiguity resolution and precise positioning. Analysis results show that the E5a, E5b, and E5 frequencies have virtually the same performance in terms of the positioning accuracy, observation residuals, and ratio values of ambiguity resolution. However, the E1 frequency performs worse than the E5a, E5b, and E5 frequencies. The RTK results for the combination of multiple frequencies are much better than those for a single-frequency observation, the coordinates’ standard deviation is improved about 20–30%, and the ambiguity fix time is improved about 10%.     

The propagation features of LF radio waves at topside ionosphere and their variations possibly related to Wenchuan earthquake in 2008

The artificial low frequency (LF) signals recorded at topside ionosphere from DEMETER satellite were analyzed in this paper, and the typical diurnal and seasonal variations were illustrated around 162?kHz in electric field spectra. The larger power spectrum density (PSD) values in electric field at local nighttime and in winter season all demonstrate the correlation feature of lower plasma content to higher penetration of LF waves into ionosphere. Around Wenchuan earthquake, the comparison of signal-noise-ratio (SNR) values in electric field with each half month during January to May in 2008 and the same half month in May from 2005 to 2007 revealed their lowest values and small covering area around the preparation region of Wenchuan earthquake in 2008. Combined with other researches in VLF radio waves and geochemical observations from satellite, the interaction of ion accumulation and upward movement from gas-water release at surface might be a key factor to disturb the ionospheric plasma density, and then possibly leading to the decrease of low energy penetration of LF radio waves from the artificial transmitted source at ground.     

空间机械臂辅助深层采样阻抗控制策略

针对空间机械臂辅助深层采样任务中的建模与控制问题,基于刚体李群SO(3)方法对机械臂进行建模。通过梯形规划对机械臂进行轨迹规划,采用阻抗控制方法控制机械臂运动。推导了李群SO(3)模型下机械臂关节空间与末端笛卡尔空间之间的雅可比矩阵,并且得到了两个空间的相互转换关系。采用锥互补方法计算采样机械臂与复杂接触面的碰撞力,并基于非光滑算法求解锥互补条件与系统动力学方程。通过对比位置控制与阻抗控制,证明了阻抗控制在实际应用过程中能够更加柔顺地控制机械臂与接触面进行接触。通过对控制参数进行调整,探究了不同控制参数对机械臂控制的影响,优化得到了合适的控制参数,从而能控制机械臂辅助完成深层采样的任务。     

绳网拖曳带帆板失效卫星的波动控制

针对带有柔性太阳帆板的失效卫星,提出了一种基于波动控制理论的控制方法,同时实现了绳网拖曳过程中稳定碎片姿态与抑制帆板振动两个目标。首先,提出一种新的绳网简化结构,用Kane方法建立了动力学模型,使其能够在保证运算效率的同时具有更高的精度。然后,针对系统特性设计了波动控制策略,仅需要输入系绳张力的大小和方向,便能通过拖船位置的改变来消除失效卫星的自旋和帆板振动。最后,通过数值仿真验证了控制律的有效性。仿真结果表明,在控制律作用下的拖曳过程中,失效卫星的姿态能够快速稳定,同时帆板的振动也得到了良好的抑制。     

基于SURE准则的参数自适应InSAR相位非局部滤波

干涉相位滤波是干涉合成孔径雷达(InSAR)处理中的关键步骤,然而传统滤波方法难以兼顾噪声抑制和细节保持的效果,故提出了一种改进的非局部滤波器。滤波参数由Stein无偏风险估计(SURE)准则自适应地选择,在有效降低InSAR相位噪声的同时,保留干涉条纹细节和城市建筑的边缘。通过在仿真数据和TanDEM-X实测数据上分别进行实验,并与传统滤波方法对比分析,验证所提出方法的有效性。     

基于高斯伪光谱的星际小推力转移轨道快速优化

针对星际小推力转移轨道优化问题,给出了一种基于高斯伪光谱配点的快速优化 算法。首先,基于归一化的改进春分点根数建立了星际小推力转移轨道的优化模型;然后, 采用高斯伪光谱配点策略对优化模型进行离散化处理,推力方向限制和天体星历分别作为路 径约束和事件约束,将轨道优化问题转化为一个大规模多约束参数优化问题;在此基础上, 基于高斯伪光谱的配点特性,推导出性能指标和约束方程的解析雅可比矩阵,保证了雅可比 矩阵计算的准确性和效率;最后,以利用太阳能电推进探测火星和水星为例,对所给算法进 行了数值验证。数值结果表明：高斯伪光谱方法可有效用于星际小推力轨道的优化问题,并 且与数值差分相比,解析的雅可比矩阵算法可提高计算效率67.78％。