PE—3284中型计算机内存扩充

介绍了ＰＥ—３２８４中型计算机内存扩充的方法，包括硬件电路设计，操作系统和应用软件的改进．     

燃气分析法测量航空发动机五头部燃烧室温度场

介绍了航空发动机燃烧室温度场测量所用的燃气取样器和燃气分析系统,并对系统简化所引起的误差进行了分析.阐述了“点”燃烧温度的计算方法以及利用“点”燃烧效率、油气比和燃烧温度计算总平均值的方法.数据显示利用热电偶测量温度获得的燃烧效率比燃气分析法燃烧效率约低4%,在燃气温度约为1500℃时,热电偶测得的燃气平均温度比燃气分析法平均温度低55℃左右,同时表明燃气分析方法在测量航空发动机燃烧室温度场具有可测温度高、影响因素少、数据准确的优势.      

高温风洞中空冷涡轮叶片冷却特性的实验研究

为了研究涡轮叶片在高温燃气冲刷下的冷却特性,搭建了高温风洞环形叶栅实验台。采用红外热像仪对不同冷气流量比(0.016 ~ 0.036)及温比(0.47 ~ 0.58)工况下涡轮叶片吸力面冷却效率及温比特性进行了研究。结果表明:受叶片前后部冷却腔冷却特性的影响,吸力面前部和后部区域表现出了不同的冷却特性;在实验工况内,流量比从0.016增加到0.036过程中,叶片吸力面前、后部面积平均冷却效率分别增加了 30.4%和49.1%,相对温度分别降低0.017和0.049;当流量比不变,温比从0.47增加到0.58时,叶片吸力面前、后部面积平均冷却效率变化较小,分别减少了 2.9%和9.6%,相对温度分别增加0.013和0.015。     

一种基于时序形态的航天器动态模式提取方法

针对航天器动态特性分析过程中遇到的建模过程复杂、处理速度较慢、分析结果不易进行直观解释等问题,通过借鉴符号化近似思想,提出了一种基于时序形态的航天器动态模式提取方法。该方法首先采用分段线性化算法获取一系列分割线段以近似表示遥测序列形态,然后使用系统聚类分析技术对分割线段进行分类,最后基于分类结果将遥测时间序列数据转化为蕴含形态信息的符号序列。验证结果表明该方法简单、有效,所提取的动态模式符号序列不仅可体现遥测时序数据的显著变化,也可表征遥测序列的细微变化,可作为遥测序列识别与异常检测的依据。     

航空材料的冲击疲劳问题研究进展与展望

材料的冲击疲劳问题在航空工程中大量存在,舰载机的弹射起飞、拦阻着舰都是典型的冲击疲劳问 题。本文梳理了冲击疲劳概念的早期发展历程,综述了自2000年以来冲击疲劳领域的主要研究进展,包括材 料冲击疲劳性能的主要影响因素、材料冲击疲劳试验方法、冲击疲劳的损伤表征和寿命预计以及冲击疲劳问题 的数值计算方法等,指出材料的微观结构、边界条件、使用环境、冲击载荷类型等对冲击疲劳性能有显著影响。 总结了航空工程中冲击疲劳问题面临的主要挑战,并结合未来工程结构设计的需求,展望了航空领域冲击疲劳 技术的未来发展方向。     

自适应空间机动目标跟踪算法

在空间目标跟踪问题中,目标机动导致的模型不匹配问题会导致滤波算法出现滞后现象。为了对空间机动目标进行快速跟踪,在平方根容积卡尔曼滤波〖（Square rootCubatureKalmanFilter,SCKF）的基础上,引入强跟踪滤波（StrongTrackingFilter,STF）的思想,推导得到了次优渐消因子在SCKF中的等价描述。并通过建立以矩匹配方法为基础的自适应机制,设计了兼顾滤波精确性和鲁棒性的自适应强跟踪平方根容积卡尔曼滤波（AdaptiveStrongTrackingSquare rootCubatureKalmanFilter,AST SCKF）算法。仿真结果表明,在目标机动前,AST-SCKF算法和SCKF算法的位置收敛精度相差不足1%;在目标机动后,AST-SCKF算法的位置和速度的收敛精度相对SCKF算法分别提高了95.19%和30.50%,同时,其收敛速度相对SCKF算法分别提高了57.20%和24.68%。     

BTT导弹三维制导控制一体化建模与仿真

针对带有一定机动能力的飞行目标,结合弹目运动关系与导弹自身的动力学特性,给出了倾斜转弯(BTT)拦截导弹的俯仰、滚转、航向三通道独立制导控制一体化(IGC)设计。首先分别建立三通道数学模型,并给出了指令信号的计算形式,随后设计了基于动态面的IGC反步控制算法,最后在三维空间下进行目标拦截仿真验证。仿真结果表明,所建立的三通道模型能够充分描述目标与导弹之间的运动关系,设计的算法能够实现导弹对目标的精确拦截,且具有一定的抗机动能力。     

Numerical evaluation of acoustic characteristics and their damping of a thrust chamber using a constant-volume bomb model

In order to numerically evaluate the acoustic characteristics of liquid rocket engine thrust chambers by means of a computational fluid dynamics method, a mathematical model of an artificial constant-volume bomb is proposed in this paper. A localized pressure pulse with a very high amplitude can be imposed on specified regions in a combustion chamber, the numerical procedure of which is described. Pressure oscillations actuated by the released constant-volume bomb can then be analyzed via Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT), and their modes can be identified according to the theoretical acoustic eigenfrequencies of the thrust chamber. The damping performances of the corresponding acoustic modes are evaluated by the half-power bandwidth method. The predicted acoustic characteristics and their damping for a special engine combustor agree well with the experimental data, validating the mathematical model and its numerical procedures. A small-thrust liquid rocket engine chamber is then analyzed by the present model. The First Longitudinal (1L) acoustic mode can be excited easily and is hard to be damped. The axial position of the central constant-volume bomb has little influence on the amplitude and damping capacity of the First Radial (1R) and 1L acoustic modes. Tangential acoustic modes can only be triggered by an off-centered constant-volume bomb, among which the First Tangential (1T) mode is the strongest and regarded as the most harmful one. The amplitude of the 1L acoustic mode is smaller, but its damping factor is larger, as a constant-volume bomb is imposed approaching the injector face. These results are contributed to evaluate the acoustic characteristics and their damping of the combustion chamber.     

Numerical studies on supersonic spray combustion in high-temperature shear flows in a scramjet combustor

Numerical simulation is applied to detail the combustion characteristics of n-decane sprays in highly compressible vortices formed in a supersonic mixing layer. The multi-phase reacting flow is modeled, in which the shear flow is solved Eulerianly by means of direct numerical simulation, and the motions of individual sub-grid point-mass fuel droplets are tracked Lagrangianly. Spray combustion behaviors are studied under different ambient pressures. Results indicate that ignition kernels are formed at high-strain vortex braids, where the scalar dissipation rates are high. The flame kernels are then strongly strained, associated with the rotation of the shearing vortex, and propagate to envelop the local vortex. It is observed that the flammable mixtures entrained in the vortex are burned from the edge to the core of the vortex until the reactants are completely consumed. As the ambient pressure increases, the high-temperature region expands so that the behaviors of spray flames are strongly changed. An overall analysis of the combustion field indicates that the time-averaged temperature increases, and the fluctuating pressure decreases, resulting in a more stable spray combustion under higher pressures, primarily due to the acceleration of the chemical reaction.     

Interacting multiple model fixed-lag smoothing algorithm forMarkovian switching systems

We investigate a suboptimal approach to the fixed-lag smoothing problem for Markovian switching systems. A fixed-lag smoothing algorithm is developed by applying the basic Interacting Multiple Model (IMM) approach to a state-augmented system. The computational load is roughly d (the fixed lag) times beyond that of filtering for the original system. In addition, an algorithm that approximates the “fixed-lag” mode probabilities given measurements up to current time is proposed. The algorithm is illustrated via a target tracking simulation example where a significant improvement over the filtering algorithm is achieved at the cost of a time delay (i.e., data up to time k are used to produce the smoothed state estimate at time k-d where the fixed large d>0). the IMM fixed-lag smoothing performance for the given example is comparable to that of an existing IMM fixed-interval smoother. Compared with fixed-interval smoothers, the fixed-lag smoothers can be implemented in real-time with a small delay