Study of the Enhancement Events of Relativistic Electron at the Geosynchronous Orbit

The high flux of energetic electron on geostationary orbit can induce many kinds of malfunction of the satellite there, within which the bulk-charging is the most significant that several broadcast satellite failures were confirmed to be due to this effect. The electron flux on geostationary orbit varies in a large range even up to three orders accompanied the passage of interplanetary magnetic cloud and the following geomagnetic disturbances. Upon the investigation of electron flux enhancement events, two types of events were partitioned as recurrent events and random ones. Both of the two kinds of events relate to the interplanetary conditions such as solar wind parameters, IMF etc and their evolution characters as well. As for the recurrent events, we found that, (1) all of the events exhibits periodic recurrence about 27 days, (2) significant increase of electron flux relates to interplanetary index and characters of their distribution, (3) the electron flux also has relation to solar activity index. An artificial neural network was constructed to estimate the flux I day ahead. The random electron flux enhancement events are rare and present different distribution figures to the recurrent ones. The figure of the random events and the conditions of their occurrence is also discussed in this paper.     

The Physical Foundation of Forecasting Disturbances in the Geospace From Solar Disk Characteristics

The five main types of antisunward propagating energetic fluxes (particles and emission) may be thought of as well established to date, the effects of which lead to a particilar character of disturbance in the near-terrestrial environment (the Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere and atmosphere). The strongest global restructuring of the magnetosphere and ionosphere is caused by fluxes of relatively dense n of 1-70 cm-3 at the Earth's orbit) Solar Wind (SW) quasi-neutral, low-energy (E ＜ 10 keV) plasma which cause magnetospheric and ionospheric storms lasting 24 hours or longer. For that reason, main attention is given to their study at the initial stage of research. The physical essence of the method of predicting disturbances in the near-terrestrial space environment, the amplitude of which can be expressed in, for example, the Kp index units, involves:(1) identifying all the most geo-effective SW streams of type, (2) determing their sources on the solar disk,and (3) quantifying the correlations between the characteristics of their solar sources with a maximum value of the Kp-index that is caused by the concerned type of SW stream. Semi-phenomenological relations have been obtained, which relate parameters of type SW stream sources to characteristics of geomagnetic storms:storm commencement, the time at which the storm intensity reaches its maximum values, the storm duration,as well as to the storm amplitude expressed in terms of geomagnetic indeces.     

Structure of the Program of Short-term Prediction of Powerful Solar Flares

Input data of the system are two-dimensional images and one-dimensional distributions of total and polarized solar emission at 5.2 cm wavelength obtained with SSRT. Together with photoheliograms, magnetograms, Hα-filtergrams and characteristics of active regions received from other sources, they form the initial database. The first stage includes superimposing the images, identifying microwave sources with active regions, assigning NOAA numbers to the sources, and determining for each active region the heliolatitude, extent, and inclination angle of the group's axis to the equator. These data are used to calculate the boundaries of longitude zones for each active region. A next stage involves determining the brightness temperatures of microwave sources less than the polarization distribution, the degree of polarization, and microwave emission flux, as well as calculating the parameters of microwave sources. Each parameter is assigned its own value of the weight factor, and the sum of values is used to draw the conclusion about the flare occurrence probability in each active region and on the Sun in general.     

磁扰日向阳面对流电场转向区位置的晨昏不对称性(STARE、TRIAD、AE-C观测综合分析)

本文通过STARE观测的晨不连续性及其与TRIAD观测的场向电流分界区、AE-C卫星观测的电场转向区位置的比较,提出了在高扰日向阳面对流电场转向区位置存在着晨不对称性——晨半面所处纬度低于昏半面.该现象间接说明向阳面磁层边界层也存在某种不对称性.并在观测基础上对可造成该不对称性的物理因子进行了探讨,认为行星际磁场螺线结构对重连区位置的影响及其产生的激波结构的晨昏不对称性很可能与本文中讨论的现象有一定联系.     

磁层顶的Kelvin-Helmholtz不稳定性(III)可压缩不稳定波的能量和动量输运

本文在假定磁层顶为切向间断面的近似下分析了可压缩K-H不稳定波在磁层顶两侧的能量分配及能量和动量输运,讨论了相应的物理机制.计算表明,K-H不稳定性确实能在太阳风-磁层耦合中起重要作用.     

突破有限元分析的极限

有限元法FEM分析变得日益复杂,同时有限元分析模型的大小和细节设计要求也在不断增加。由数百万个单元和数百万的自由度组成的有限元网格的模型已经变得司空见惯,然而模型的尺寸也在     

铸造高温合金熔炼工艺中的冶金原则

文中介绍了苏联铸造高温合金工艺中冶金原则的发展。除去合金化元素之外,杂质元素和微量添加元素是决定合金组织和性能的最重要因素之一。文中详细讨论了在不同条件下它们对合金高温性能的影响。结论中提出改进铸造高温合金冶炼工艺的若干有效的措施。     

防务市场疑云笼罩，民用市场乘势起航——《航空周刊》TPC榜单分析

今年5月,《航空周刊》发布了最新的TPC榜单,全面反映了2012年航空航天和国防领域内各企业的综合表现。2012年,虽然全行业取得了创纪录的2％的营业收入和4％的利润增长,但这主要得益于不断攀升的民用市场,而国防工业则经历了相对惨淡的一年。     

高水平的MD-95驾驶舱

麦道公司将用6个一排的平板显示器来提高其MD-95运输机标准驾驶舱的技术水平,以便提高其调度可靠性、降低维修费用及减少航空公司所需的备件。新系统基于霍尼韦尔公司的通用综合航空电子系统(VIA2000)结构,将把显示、飞行管理、中央声音告警和飞行数据采集功能综合在一对VIA计算机中。     

空军卫星控制网的九十年代计划

一、引言空军卫星控制网是二十多年前建立的,此后发展成为国家的重要卫星测控网。该网目前包括七个全球远方跟踪站和一个中心控制设施——位于加利福尼亚州桑尼威尔的卫星试验中心(图1)。正在执行的一系列改造计划将明显增大空军卫星控制网的能力。其中有两项对九十年代的空军卫星控制网操作有很大影响,即数据系统现代化(卫星试验中心集中式实时数据处理)和综合航天操作中心的建设。