基于GRU的仪表着陆系统故障预测方法研究

故障预测技术在保障仪表着陆系统的可靠运行、提高空管效能等方面具有重要应用价值。结合仪表着陆系统运行特征和实际运行维护工作,提出一种基于GRU 的仪表着陆系统故障预测方法。以航向信标为研究对象,在分析其监控参数与设备运行状态之间的关系后,将监控参数作为故障特征参数;根据监控参数时间步长、时变性特征显著的特点,采用GRU 预测监控参数的未来变化趋势;根据监控参数的隶属函数计算出参数未来时刻可能发生“故障”的概率,实现对航向信标故障的预测。结果表明：基于GRU 的预测方法的相对预测精度在95% 以上。     

自适应广义卡尔曼滤波器在反辐射导弹中的应用

抗目标辐射源关机的能力是反辐射导弹的关键战术技术性能之一，采用增广状态的广义卡尔曼滤波（EKF）与Sage－Husa自适应滤波相结合的方法，解决了在被动雷达导引头测量存在常值偏差和随机噪声，且随机噪声方差未知情况下所测角度的滤波问题，从而在目标辐射源关机时刻较精确地建立起目标视线在惯导坐标系中的方位坐标（简称惯性基准），进而利用速度追踪法导引导弹攻击目标。给出了以某型导弹为背景的全空间弹道数学仿真结果。     

对地观测卫星太阳同步轨道的快速设计方法

对地观测卫星轨道具有全球目标覆盖和太阳同步两种特性，通过设计轨道周期和轨道倾角可以获得这些特性，为此，给出了一种能十分简便，快速地完成轨道初步设计的方法，为轨道精密复算和开展卫星姿态控制等分系统设计提供技术支持，此外还揭示了星载探测仪器在地面上产生的扫描带的分布排列规律，分析了轨道衰减和复升问题，最后给出一个算例。     

多工况下复合材料层合板开口补强优化设计

复合材料层合板广泛应用于航空航天结构,其开口补强问题一直备受关注。以含大开口的复合材料层合板为研究对象,针对拉伸、剪切、压缩三种不同工况,分别采用不同材料和不同补强型式进行补强结构优化设计。以补强结构重量为目标函数,采用多级优化方法,对补强结构参数进行优化设计。对不同补强型式,不同补强材料下的重量特性进行对比分析。结果表明：在不同工况下,相较于螺接补强和共固化补强,插层补强型式较优,结构重量增加较小。     

非结构聚合多重网格法流场数值模拟研究

 在非结构网格上应用聚合多重网格技术来加速 Euler方程的收敛过程。设计了一种高效率的网格聚合方法。采用四重网格,在每一层网格上采用有限体积法进行计算。通过对多段翼型绕流的数值求解验证了多重网格加速收敛的高效性。     

基于小生境遗传算法的分布式OS-CFAR检测系统优化与性能分析

 利用小生境遗传算法,对不同检测窗长度和检测信噪比的三传感器分布式 OS-CFAR检测系统进行了优化设计,给出了一组针对不同检测环境与融合方式的搜索结果。分析表明,对于非一致环境下分布式 OS-CFAR检测系统,小生境遗传算法是一种良好的优化算法。利用搜索结果,研究了不同融合方式下环境变化对分布式 OS-CFAR检测系统的性能影响,结果表明,“或”融合对检测环境的非一致变化具有较强的鲁棒性,而“3选2”融合和“与”融合对检测环境的变化比较敏感。     

带升力风扇飞翼布局无人机过渡飞行气动特性研究

带升力风扇飞翼布局无人机除了具备飞翼机的优点外,还兼具短距/垂直起降功能,研究其过渡飞行阶段的气动特性是建立其飞行动力学模型的基础。对带升力风扇飞翼布局无人机的过渡飞行阶段进行气动仿真,分析升力、阻力和力矩随速度和迎角变化的特性,并在某定常流下对该布局飞机的流动机理进行研究,针对气流分离提出控制方法。结果表明:来流速度增大时,升力值持续增大,阻力增加,低头力矩增大;在相同来流速度下,迎角增大,升力随之增加且外段翼是其升力的主要来源,阻力先减小后增大,较常规平飞状态下有较大的抬头力矩;控制气流分离的两种改进方法是有效可行的。     

某离心式喷嘴雾化特性及优化设计研究

喷嘴结构参数、喷油压降和燃油物性对喷嘴雾化特性具有重要影响。采用数值计算和试验手段研究某离心式喷嘴航空煤油和0#柴油雾化特性及差异性,并讨论喷嘴内部流动和喷嘴结构参数对雾化特性的影响。结果表明:数值计算与试验值存在差异,但雾化锥角、流量系数等随压力变化的趋势一致,验证了流体体积函数(VOF)追踪油气两相界面的正确性;喷嘴内部气、液相的涡是内部流动不稳定和气液面波动的原因;几何结构参数对喷嘴雾化特性影响明显;优化后的喷嘴结构,流量系数和雾化锥角分别增大了0.15和0.16倍,而喷嘴出口液膜厚度减小了0.53倍,明显改善了该喷嘴的雾化质量。     

Geometrically exact nonlinear analysis of pre-twisted composite rotor blades

Modeling of pre-twisted composite rotor blades is very complicated not only because of the geometric non-linearity, but also because of the cross-sectional warping and the transverse shear deformation caused by the anisotropic material properties. In this paper, the geometrically exact nonlinear modeling of a generalized Timoshenko beam with arbitrary cross-sectional shape, generally anisotropic material behavior and large deflections has been presented based on Hodges’ method. The concept of decomposition of rotation tensor was used to express the strain in the beam. The variational asymptotic method was used to determine the arbitrary warping of the beam cross section. The generalized Timoshenko strain energy was derived from the equilibrium equations and the second-order asymptotically correct strain energy. The geometrically exact nonlinear equations of motion were established by Hamilton’s principle. The established modeling was used for the static and dynamic analysis of pre-twisted composite rotor blades, and the analytical results were validated based on experimental data. The influences of the transverse shear deformation on the pre-twisted composite rotor blade were investigated. The results indicate that the influences of the transverse shear deformation on the static deformation and the natural frequencies of the pre-twisted composite rotor blade are related to the length to chord ratio of the blade.     

The WIND magnetic field investigation

The magnetic field experiment on WIND will provide data for studies of a broad range of scales of structures and fluctuation characteristics of the interplanetary magnetic field throughout the mission, and, where appropriate, relate them to the statics and dynamics of the magnetosphere. The basic instrument of the Magnetic Field Investigation (MFI) is a boom-mounted dual triaxial fluxgate magnetometer and associated electronics. The dual configuration provides redundancy and also permits accurate removal of the dipolar portion of the spacecraft magnetic field. The instrument provides (1) near real-time data at nominally one vector per 92 s as key parameter data for broad dissemination, (2) rapid data at 10.9 vectors s^–1 for standard analysis, and (3) occasionally, snapshot (SS) memory data and Fast Fourier Transform data (FFT), both based on 44 vectors s^–1. These measurements will be precise (0.025%), accurate, ultra-sensitive (0.008 nT/step quantization), and where the sensor noise level is <0.006 nT r.m.s. for 0–10 Hz. The digital processing unit utilizes a 12-bit microprocessor controlled analogue-to-digital converter. The instrument features a very wide dynamic range of measurement capability, from ±4 nT up to ±65 536 nT per axis in eight discrete ranges. (The upper range permits complete testing in the Earth's field.) In the FTT mode power spectral density elements are transmitted to the ground as fast as once every 23 s (high rate), and 2.7 min of SS memory time series data, triggered automatically by pre-set command, requires typically about 5.1 hours for transmission. Standard data products are expected to be the following vector field averages: 0.0227-s (detail data from SS), 0.092 s (detail in standard mode), 3 s, 1 min, and 1 hour, in both GSE and GSM coordinates, as well as the FFT spectral elements. As has been our team's tradition, high instrument reliability is obtained by the use of fully redundant systems and extremely conservative designs. We plan studies of the solar wind: (1) as a collisionless plasma laboratory, at all time scales, macro, meso and micro, but concentrating on the kinetic scale, the highest time resolution of the instrument (=0.022 s), (2) as a consequence of solar energy and mass output, (3) as an external source of plasma that can couple mass, momentum, and energy to the Earth's magnetosphere, and (4) as it is modified as a consequence of its imbedded field interacting with the moon. Since the GEOTAIL Inboard Magnetometer (GIM), which is similar to the MFI instrument, was developed by members of our team, we provide a brief discussion of GIM related science objectives, along with MFI related science goals.