Satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning using BeiDou-2 and BeiDou-3 multi-frequency signals

To realize the smooth transition from regional BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS-2) to the global one (BDS-3), the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3 is important for providing continuous, stable and reliable positioning, navigation and timing (PNT) services for global users. This work used 154 globally distributed multi-GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) experiment stations spanning 30 days to analyze the satellite availability and positioning performance of uncombined precise point positioning (UC-PPP) under current BDS-2 and BDS-3 constellations. We focused on three issues: the influence of BDS-3 receiver tracking abilities, the positioning performance among different areas, and the benefit of multi-frequency observations. The results show that the elliptical zone caused by poor BDS-2 satellite visibility is disappeared when the evenly distributed BDS-3 medium earth orbit satellites are introduced. When BDS-3 are integrated with BDS-2, the area with the Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP) less than 2 can be expanded to 75° S-75° N and 30° E-150° W. The positioning performance of BDS-3 and BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP are seriously affected by the receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3 signals. When the maximum pseudo-random noise sequences (PRNs) of BDS-3 satellites tracked by stations are within 30 or 37, the positioning accuracy of static UC-PPP can be improved by 22.94% or 8.27% due to the integration of BDS-2 and BDS-3. Besides, the most improvement of BDS-2 and BDS-3 integration is achieved in Asia-Pacific regions, especially for the kinematic UC-PPP or the poor receiver tracking abilities of BDS-3. Similar to the multi-frequency BDS-2 UC-PPP, the benefit of multi-frequency signals for BDS-3 or BDS-2/BDS-3 UC-PPP is also non-vital. The three-dimensional positioning accuracy of BDS-2/BDS-3 multi-frequency UC-PPP in static mode and kinematic mode are 2.24 cm and 5.39 cm, while the corresponding convergence time are 49.62 min and 73.80 min, respectively. Compared with BDS-2, both the positioning accuracy and the convergence time of BDS-2/BDS-3 joint UC-PPP are improved by approximately over 50%, which indicates that BDS-3 has a great potential to provide high-quality PNT services as other global navigation satellite systems.     

一种便携式实时数据采集系统的设计与实现

概述了MATLAB生成.NET动态链接库的方法和使用中的注意事项。研究了基于FT232H接口芯片的便携式数据采集系统的实现原理。实现了无源、有源传感器和交流、直流耦合方式的四种组合方式的自由选择,并结合.NET平台界面编程的优势和MATLAB数据处理的优势,在SPI接口40Mbps速率下完成了数据实时传输、处理和存储的测试。对无线实时传输等相关应用研究有一定借鉴意义。     

无拖曳卫星氮气微推进系统填充与开机工作特性的仿真研究

采用AMESim软件对氮气贮存压力为1.5×10 7 Pa、推力范围为mN级的压电驱动的氮气微推进系统进行建模。研究了氮气填充过程中氮气瓶、减压阀的压力和质量流量瞬态特性。分析了整合喷管的压电比例阀在开机过程中的瞬态工作特性。最后，研究了驱动电压对压电比例阀在开机过程中的阀芯位移和喷管推力瞬态值、阀芯运动和推力响应时间的影响规律。结果显示，当驱动电压为80 V时，阀芯的响应时间和稳定位移分别为 0.64 ms 和3.67 μm。开机后8 ms，喷管推力达到稳定值(0.588 mN)。压电比例阀阀芯的开启响应快速，且驱动电压与喷管推力之间存在良好的线性关系，说明推力可通过改变驱动电压进行mN级的线性调节。     

一类强耦合强不确定性强非线性快时变系统复合控制

分析一类强耦合强不确定性强非线性快时变系统的控制问题。基于系统力学特性和动力学特性，提出一种复合控制方法。该复合控制方法由三个核心模块组成，依次为强耦合强不确定性控制模块、强非线性快时变控制模块、智能调度模块。以某典型强耦合强不确定性强非线性快时变特性飞行器对象为例，给出了采用该复合控制方法的详细设计。最后，在精确的仿真模型基础上，考虑天地不一致性情况，进行了多组仿真分析，仿真结果表明，该方法有效、可靠。     

空间核反应堆安全分析

空间核反应堆是空间能源的重要候选方案,其寿命长、功率大、结构紧凑,但其特有的中子学特性、与传统快堆迥异的设计方案对堆芯安全分析提出了挑战。本文以热管型空间堆为例,首先基于蒙特卡洛方法对空间堆在水淹和沙埋事故工况下,进行了稳态中子学计算分析,结果表明:堆芯在事故工况下不会重返临界。同时,基于瞬态多物理分析程序TMACS,进行了单根控制鼓旋转瞬态过程计算。结果表明:空间堆在热工反馈和热膨胀反馈的多物理耦合下,在特定的瞬态过程中能够保持功率稳定,满足安全要求。     

A new method for improving the performance of an ionospheric model developed by multi-instrument measurements based on artificial neural network

There are remarkable ionospheric discrepancies between space-borne (COSMIC) measurements and ground-based (ionosonde) observations, the discrepancies could decrease the accuracies of the ionospheric model developed by multi-source data seriously. To reduce the discrepancies between two observational systems, the peak frequency (foF2) and peak height (hmF2) derived from the COSMIC and ionosonde data are used to develop the ionospheric models by an artificial neural network (ANN) method, respectively. The averaged root-mean-square errors (RMSEs) of COSPF (COSMIC peak frequency model), COSPH (COSMIC peak height model), IONOPF (Ionosonde peak frequency model) and IONOPH (Ionosonde peak height model) are 0.58 MHz, 19.59 km, 0.92 MHz and 23.40 km, respectively. The results indicate that the discrepancies between these models are dependent on universal time, geographic latitude and seasons. The peak frequencies measured by COSMIC are generally larger than ionosonde’s observations in the nighttime or middle-latitudes with the amplitude of lower than 25%, while the averaged peak height derived from COSMIC is smaller than ionosonde’s data in the polar regions. The differences between ANN-based maps and references show that the discrepancies between two ionospheric detecting techniques are proportional to the intensity of solar radiation. Besides, a new method based on the ANN technique is proposed to reduce the discrepancies for improving ionospheric models developed by multiple measurements, the results indicate that the RMSEs of ANN models optimized by the method are 14–25% lower than the models without the application of the method. Furthermore, the ionospheric model built by the multiple measurements with the application of the method is more powerful in capturing the ionospheric dynamic physics features, such as equatorial ionization, Weddell Sea, mid-latitude summer nighttime and winter anomalies. In conclusion, the new method is significant in improving the accuracy and physical characteristics of an ionospheric model based on multi-source observations.     

Statistical seismo-ionospheric precursors of M7.0+ earthquakes in Circum-Pacific seismic belt by GPS TEC measurements

The Circum-Pacific seismic belt is the region heavily affected by earthquakes in the world. The relationship between earthquake (e.g., the geographic location, occurrence time, magnitude, and focal depth) and ionospheric anomalies in the belt was investigated using 100 M7.0+ earthquakes during 2006–2015. The ground-based GPS measurements and global ionosphere map (GIM) data were used for the analyses of the ionospheric variations preceding the earthquakes. The results indicated that the occurrence rate of total electron content (TEC) anomalies was proportional to the magnitude and inversely proportional to the focal depth to a certain degree, and the occurrence frequency of anomalies had a rising trend with the days getting close to the main shock. The occurrence rate of TEC anomalies in the Southern hemisphere was larger than that in the Northern hemisphere. Besides, the spatial characteristics of TEC anomalies showed that the anomalies in low-middle latitudes did not coincide with the epicenter, sometimes the anomalies were also observed in the corresponding conjugated region. However, the TEC anomalies in the high latitude usually appeared around the epicenter and within the seismogenic zone while no TEC anomalies appeared in the conjugated area. These results may have potential applications to the earthquake prediction in the Circum-Pacific seismic belt.     

控制系统的神经网络鲁棒设计方法

拓展了基于一个给定的模型考虑系统的摄动问题的这种传统的鲁棒控制设计方法,给定多个模型,设计多个鲁棒控制器,将有更大的容许摄动范围,针对多个不同控制器用传统方法很难同时实现的状况,用具有定性和定量多模态控制能力的神经网络同时实现了多个传统控制器的功能,方法简单,实现容易。将该方法用于飞机增稳系统的控制设计,仿真结果证明控制效果良好。     

关于冲击信号的数字处理方法研究

介绍了冲击信号各面指标的计算方法,并着重介绍了如何将数字信号处理方法应用于冲击信号的处理中。     

飞控系统受限控制量线性规划最优分配

概要地介绍了具有冗余操纵面的飞控系统中受限制量分配问题的概念,数学表述方法和直接最优分配方案及其几何算法,并指出该算法在存在难于计算机实现的困难。通过分析,将该问题转化为标准线性规划问题,给出了详细的转化过程,从而使其易于计算机实现。最后通过算例说明了这处改进和算法是正确有效的。