运载火箭加速度计反馈主动减载实施效果评价

针对运载火箭加速度计反馈主动减载实施效果评价,提出一种基于主动减载姿态动力学稳态分析的评价方法,在传统的“载荷侧滑角”评价指标基础上增加了“姿态偏差”、“摆角需求”和“弹道偏离”评价。稳态分析中考虑了结构干扰的偏置效应以及质心运动对风的抵消效应,重点推导了风切变对于火箭姿态动力学特征参数的影响机理。某型号案例分析结果表明,在典型“平稳风+切变风”风场作用下,主动减载技术在4项评价指标上均取得理想实施效果,并且显著缓解风切变导致的姿态参数快变现象。     

航空发动机压气机静子通道压力信号时频特征

进行发动机整机试验,获取了压气机第一级静子通道内的压力信号.通过时频分析,从压力信号中辨识出了以550 Hz和2200 Hz为中心的时频结构;辨识出了压气机前3级转子叶片通过频率信号及它们的一些和频、差频信号.同时,还观察到在试验发动机减速过程中,放气带打开前,压气机前3级转子的叶片通过频率信号及它们的一些和频、差频信号幅度显著增强,这表明减速过程中压气机第一级转子尖区的流动分离逐渐趋于严重.因此,监控压气机静子通道压力信号时频特征的变化,可以获得特定的压气机转子的流场信息,从而为压气机稳定性控制提供重要依据.      

空天飞行器多源容错鲁棒组合导航系统设计

空天飞行器具有机动灵活、高速飞行和实时打击等特点,为保证空天飞行器在各种复杂飞行工况下导航系统的精度、可靠性与鲁棒性,构建了包含惯性导航、卫星导航与天文导航的多源容错鲁棒组合导航系统。针对空间复杂电磁环境造成的在非线性系统中量测噪声非高斯分布的问题,设计了一种基于Huber定则的鲁棒多传感器信息融合方法;针对高动态与GNSS信号受干扰及欺骗等情况下,卫导信号异常、失锁与星图拖尾等问题,设计了故障诊断与滤波器重构策略。仿真结果表明,所设计的多源容错鲁棒组合导航系统在复杂动态环境下能够有效提高导航系统的精度与容错能力,为空天飞行器导航系统设计提供了有效参考。     

轴流式压气机近失速状态端壁流动时频分析

为准确辨识某型单轴涡喷发动机压气机近失速点的流动特征,对其端壁静压信号进行了时频分析。时频分析结果表明,近失速点的工况下,与其它各级相比,压气机第一级静子机匣壁面流动变化最为显著;随着发动机工作点沿共同工作线趋近喘振边界,压气机第一级静子机匣壁面静压信号中以550Hz为中心的宽带信号开始出现并逐步增强。所发现的压气机端壁流态特征可用于发动机节流过程中工作点接近失速边界的程度的判定,具有一定的工程应用价值。      

Critical Issues on Magnetic Reconnection in Space Plasmas

The idea of expedient energy transformation by magnetic reconnection (MR) has generated much enthusiasm in the space plasma community. The early concept of MR, which was envisioned for the solar flare phenomenon in a simple two-dimensional (2D) steady-state situation, is in dire need for extension to encompass three-dimensional (3D) non-steady-state phenomena prevalent in space plasmas in nature like in the magnetosphere. A workshop was organized to address this and related critical issues on MR. The essential outcome of this workshop is summarized in this review. After a brief evaluation on the pros and cons of existing definitions of MR, we propose essentially a working definition that can be used to identify MR in transient and spatially localized phenomena. The word “essentially” reflects a slight diversity in the opinion on how transient and localized 3D MR process might be defined. MR is defined here as a process with the following characteristics: (1) there is a plasma bulk flow across a boundary separating regions with topologically different magnetic field lines if projected on the plane of MR, thereby converting magnetic energy into kinetic particle energy, (2) there can be an out-of-the-plane magnetic field component (the so-called guide field) present such that the reconnected magnetic flux tubes are twisted to form flux ropes, and (3) the region exhibiting non-ideal MHD conditions should be localized to a scale comparable to the ion inertial length in the direction of the plasma inflow velocity. This definition captures the most important 3D aspects and preserves many essential characteristics of the 2D case. It may be considered as the first step in the generalization of the traditional 2D concept. As a demonstration on the utility of this definition, we apply it to identify MR associated with plasma phenomena in the dayside magnetopause and nightside magnetotail of the Earth’s magnetosphere. How MR may be distinguished from other competing mechanisms for these magnetospheric phenomena are then discussed.This revised version was published online in July 2005 with a corrected cover date.     

圆形域内串列双柱振动诱导的定常整流流动的数值模拟

本文在ε１和Ｒｓ≥０（１）下采用贴体网格生成、数值求解ＮＳ方程研究圆形域内串列等直径双柱作同频同相小振幅振动在静止粘性不可压缩流体中诱导的Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ层外的定常整流旋涡流动。数值结果表明,流场外边界的存在使大于临界雷诺数时外边界附近产生高阶分离旋涡,在很小的整流雷诺数变化范围内造成整流流谱改变。串列双柱柱间距的增加及圆域对振动柱柱径比的减小都使发生高阶分离的临界整流雷诺数之值下降。     

翼型结冰过程数值模拟验算与分析

应用FENSAP-ICE结冰计算软件,对NACA0012翼型进行了流动特性、水滴撞击特性以及冰型生成过程的计算;同时,对结冰前后的翼型进行气动力特性计算对比分析,其中包括升力特性对比、阻力特性对比、流场细节分析以及压力系数分布对比。计算结果表明：翼型前缘结冰后,导致翼型前缘气流提前分离,最大升力系数、失速攻角大幅减小,...     

High-velocity impact responses of 2618 aluminum plates for engine containment systems under combined actions of projectile form and oblique angle

Ballistic impact tests were carried out with examined projectiles of the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy to investigate the impact response of the 2618 aluminum plates at a nominal velocity of 210 m/s. The influence of projectile forms and oblique angles on damage formation was particularly discussed by applying different loading conditions such as multiple projectile forms and oblique angles. Additionally, the numerical simulation method was employed to provide further insight into the characteristics of damage and target responses. The Johnson-Cook(J-C)constitutive model with revised failure parameters was used to support the simulations to assess target responses and characteristics of the damage created from different impact conditions. Results show that there is a significant transition in the deformation mode as changes of the projectile form are applied. Moreover, the cracks on the back of the 2618 aluminum alloy plates impacted by the solid plate projectile and the hollow blade projectile tend to locate at different positions, which are supposed to be influenced by local bending and stretching. The work in this paper may provide guidance for the design of fan blade containment systems.