HIGH TEMPERATURE RHEOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR OF FSJ JOINTED REGION FOR 7022ALUMINUM ALLOY

The Hopkinson pressure bar tests for base metal and friction stir jointing（FSJ） jointed region of 7022 a- luminum alloy are carried out at different temperatures and strain rates. The temperature is 30--400 ℃ and the strain rate is 1 200-5 000 s 1. High strain rate for base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 aluminum alloy are studied. The corresponding stress-strain curves are obtained. The results show that the flow stresses of base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 aluminum alloy decline with the increase of temperature and increase with the in- crease of strain rate. Furthermore, the constitutive equation for base metal and FSJ jointed region of 7022 alumi- num alloy at high temperature and high strain rate is obtained based on Johnson-Cook model.     

固体火箭发动机推力终止过程的数值分析

本文指出,在大、中型固体火箭发动机的推力终止过程中,打开反向喷管(或辅助排气孔)必定导致产生一系列强度相当大的压力脉冲,而现有的理论分析均不能预估和解释这一现象。本文提供了一组冷模拟实验结果,讨论了产生压力脉冲的原因,提出了估算其强度的方法,并且应用特征线法和激波拟合法进行一维非定常流动的数值计算,发展了一种能够同时预估压力脉冲强度的内弹道计算程序。预估结果与实验曲线吻合良好。     

大尺寸金刚石膜生长中等离子体弧源的稳定性

保持等离子体弧源稳定性对于制备大尺寸平面金刚石膜极其重要,故从理论和实验两个方面对等离子体弧源稳定性进行了分析。研究表明,为了保持弧源的稳定,必须在生长过程中,保持稳定的电子温度和均匀的活性原子及原子基团密度。金刚石膜在某些条件下长时间生长时,会发生阳极环积碳现象,导致等离子体弧源扰动失稳,从而引起生长的金刚石膜含有石墨杂质。通过预处理阳极环、控制碳源、加大氢气量等措施可保持弧源稳定。在此条件下生长金刚石膜,经SEM,Raman分析表明,其晶粒均匀、晶界清晰,仅有金刚石特征峰出现。     

一种电离层物理模型及其在F1谷区形成讨论中的应用

在电离层F区考虑了三种中性成分的4种离子(O~+、No~+、N_2~+和O_2~+),从严格的电子和离子密度连续方程出发,由中性风所满足的动力学方程和离子运动方程解出水平中性风,从而得到离子垂直漂移速度,由此建立了一种电离层的物理模式;并用此模式,针对我国中、低纬(116°E,30°N)地区,讨论了光化学作用对F_1层的影响和动力学效应在F层中的作用。着重讨论由水平中性风引起的离子垂直漂移运动对F_1谷区的影响。结果表明:在光化平衡模式下,E区明显形成。在太阳活动低年夏季可产生明显的F_1“凸缘”。但仅靠光化平衡作用不能产生深的F_1谷区,也不能解释F_2层的形成;双极扩散是F_2层形成的主要机制;中性风的因素对E层影响不大,却可以在太阳活动低年夏季产生谷深在0.05—0.1的深F_1谷区。用此模式还计算了F_1谷区日变化,结果表明:中性风影响模式能较好地反映我国中低纬地区F_1谷区变化的地域特征。     

基于改进遗传算法的选择性拆卸序列规划

选择性拆卸序列规划(SDSP)是民用飞机维修规划的一个重要内容,也是在设计阶段对民用飞机产品维修性的评估。为了能以较高的效率求解出产品拆卸序列的方案,首先根据拆卸特点构建了产品拆卸混合图模型。该模型描述了零部件之间的连接关系和优先关系,然后通过对目标零件的分析产生选择性拆卸零件集合。在此基础上建立目标函数并利用基于二叉树的遗传算法的计算速度和灵活性等特点对目标零件拆卸序列进行优化。最后,通过一个实例,验证了文中方法的可行性及优化算法的有效性。     

Gurney襟翼在某型靶机上的应用

通过改变Gurney襟翼的高度,在风洞中研究了Gurney襟翼对某型靶机气动特性的影响.实验中襟翼高度为0.83%c~4.2％c(c为靶机机翼根弦长).无侧滑时Gurney襟翼可以在中小攻角下增加靶机的升力,使靶机最大升阻比对应的攻角提前.除4.2％c襟翼外,其余高度的襟翼在中小攻角下可以提高靶机的升阻比和最大升阻比.有侧滑时,在纵向上Gurney襟翼对靶机气动特性的影响和无侧滑时类似,但在横航向上,随着襟翼高度的增加,滚转力矩增加,偏航力矩则在襟翼高度为0.83%c~3.3％c时增加,而襟翼高度为4.2％c时急剧降低.Gurney襟翼对靶机气动特性的影响存在最佳高度,实验发现在襟翼高度为1.7％c时,能够在靶机力矩变化较小的情况下,提高飞机的升力和最大升阻比.     

基于PIC方法的离子发动机光学系统粒子模拟

采用单元内粒子(PIC, Particle-In-Cell)方法对离子发动机光学系统进行了等离子体粒子模拟.PIC方法可有效地对等离子体进行粒子模拟,其中电场求解采用SOR(Successive Over Relaxation)方法,离子加速方法采用蛙跳格式.推进剂采用氙,模拟粒子为单核离子.模拟得到了栅极间电势分布、电场强度分布及栅极间氙离子数密度分布.计算结果表明,在所取的光学系统电压参数和几何参数下,粒子束能够顺利通过栅极孔,不会撞击到栅极孔壁上.粒子模拟为今后开展离子发动机光学系统腐蚀机理分析及寿命评估提供了有效的数值方法.      

Study on segmented distribution for reliability evaluation

In practice, the failure rate of most equipment exhibits different tendencies at different stages and even its failure rate curve behaves a multimodal trace during its life cycle. As a result, traditionally evaluating the reliability of equipment with a single model may lead to severer errors. However, if lifetime is divided into several different intervals according to the characteristics of its failure rate, piecewise fitting can more accurately approximate the failure rate of equipment. There-fore, in this paper, failure rate is regarded as a piecewise function, and two kinds of segmented dis-tribution are put forward to evaluate reliability. In order to estimate parameters in the segmented reliability function, Bayesian estimation and maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) of the seg-mented distribution are discussed in this paper. Since traditional information criterion is not suit-able for the segmented distribution, an improved information criterion is proposed to test and evaluate the segmented reliability model in this paper. After a great deal of testing and verification, the segmented reliability model and its estimation methods presented in this paper are proven more efficient and accurate than the traditional non-segmented single model, especially when the change of the failure rate is time-phased or multimodal. The significant performance of the segmented reli-ability model in evaluating reliability of proximity sensors of leading-edge flap in civil aircraft indi-cates that the segmented distribution and its estimation method in this paper could be useful and accurate.