固体火箭发动机的声学分析及燃烧稳定性预估

提出一种预估固体火箭发动机燃烧稳定性的方法。文中着重研究了燃烧室内腔声场的有限元数值分析问题,并应用声学有限元素法对一个二维轴对称装药发动机燃烧室内腔进行了固有频率及固有振型计算。随后,在声学分析的基础上对该发动机做了燃烧稳定性预估。其结果与多次试车的结果一致。最后还就声学分析的验证,减少机时和内存,微粒尺寸的确定,预估方法及计算程序的通用性等问题进行了讨论。     

一种新型脉冲电子束焊接用PWM逆变式栅偏压电源系统设计

提出一种基于传统连续电子束焊接技术的脉冲电子束焊接工艺的实现方法,应用现代功率电子开关器件及PWM脉宽调制控制技术,采用了先进的逆变技术进行脉冲偏压电源系统设计.由于系统工作在高频开关状态,整个脉冲偏压电源系统不仅动态响应快、电气性能指标高及控制性能好,而且还具有体积小、重量轻、可靠性高等一系列优点,各项技术指标完全能满足脉冲电子束焊接的工艺需要.     

苯乙炔苯酐封端聚酰亚胺低聚物的合成与性能

将4-苯乙炔苯酐(4-PEPA)和3,3',4,4'-二苯醚四酸二酐(ODPA),与3,4'-二氨基二苯醚(3,4'-ODA)和1,4-双(4'-氨基-2'-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯(BTPB)或1,3-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯(1,3,4-APB)混合物通过高温缩合聚合反应合成了两种苯乙炔苯酐封端的聚酰亚胺低聚物PI-1和PI-2,对其熔体黏度、热行为及固化物的热性能等进行了研究.实验表明,PI-1和PI-2低聚物在280℃时具有低的熔体黏度(＜1 Pa·s)和良好的熔体黏度稳定性;经371℃固化后形成的纯树脂固化物具有优异的耐热性能,5%热失重温度超过520℃,Tg超过330℃,有望成为适用于RTM工艺的复合材料基体树脂.     

Flow Field Investigation in a Trapezoidal Duct with Swirl Flow Induced by Impingement Jets

An enlarged model of trapezoidal duct near the leading-edge in the blade is built up. The effects of impingement jets, swirl flow, cross flow and effusion flow are considered. Experiments are performed to measure flow fields in this confined passage and exit holes on one of its side walls. Cross flow and effusion flow are induced in the channel by the outflow of side exit hole (SEH) and film cooling hole (FCH), which are oriented on one end wall and bottom wall of the passage. Detailed flow structures are measured for two impingement angles of 35° and 45° with 6 combinations of outflow ratios. Results show that the small jets impinge the target wall effectively while the large jets contribute to inducing and impelling a strong counter-clockwise vortex in the upper part of the passage. Cross flow plays a dominate role for the flow structures in the passage and exit holes. It deflects jets, enhances swirl and deteriorates side exit conditions. Impingement angle is another significant factor for the flow characteristics. Its effect reveals more evidently with cross flow. Within the present test conditions, the mass flow rates and outflow positions of FCHs have no distinct effect on the main flow structures.     

含醚结构双苯并环丁烯树脂的合成与性能

以4-溴苯并环丁烯为封端剂,在氯化亚铜催化下,与双酚A和双酚N发生亲核取代反应,合成了两种双苯并环丁烯封端的含醚单体BCB-1和BCB-2。两种单体的熔融温度低于100℃,在100-200℃熔体黏度低于1 Pa.s,表现出宽的加工窗口和良好的成型工艺性能。BCB-1和BCB-2两种树脂固化物的Tg分别为269和232℃,T5d5%分别为450和433℃,介电常数分别为2.88和2.58,损耗因子分别为8.4×10-3和2.7×10-3,表现出良好的耐热稳定性和优异的介电性能。其中BCB-2树脂由于在分子结构中引入了具有低摩尔极化度的大体积侧基—CF3,因此表现出更低的介电常数和损耗因子。     

某型航空涡轮轴发动机尾气静电监测探索性实验

 在某型航空涡轮轴发动机上进行了尾气静电监测探索性实验,成功地获得了尾气静电感应信号。根据实测的108 h有效数据,对信号的特征参数活动率水平(AL)、正事件率(PER)、负事件率(NER)和轴频分析(SOA)展开分析。研究结果表明：基于静电感应原理的发动机气路监测技术是可行的;发动机功率对特征参数有明显的影响。在一个完整试车循环中,随着功率的增大,AL参数呈现二次多项式变化规律;PER和NER参数呈现线性增长规律。随着试车阶段的推移,AL参数值在各个功率下均呈上升趋势,PER和NER参数没有明显的变化;水洗对发动机AL参数有明显的影响,但对PER和NER参数没有明显的影响。     

环氧类韧性耐烧蚀防热涂层的研制与表征

针对现有环氧类防热涂层韧性差、不耐烧蚀的缺点,设计了一种环氧类防热涂层--TR-48.测试了其基本性能及3-5个批次的典型性能,并与国外现有涂层进行了比较.结果证明:TR-48具有韧性好、强度高、耐烧蚀等特点;其中扭伸强度为8.7-11.2 MPa,伸长率为6.8%-12.2%,TG分析800℃残碳率为51%,800℃马弗炉烧蚀5 min残碳率为38%-47%.利用SEM、DSC表征了涂层的烧蚀过程,发现600-800℃存在烧结反应.利用液氧/煤油发动机和电弧风洞考核试验考核了涂层在高温、高速气流环境下的表现,结果表明该涂层具有较好的抗冲刷及防热性能.     

基于时间累计法的工时定额评估数学模型的建立

采用时间累计法对基本维修作业建立数学模型，解决了表格式工时定额数据多、误差大、使用不便和管理复杂等问题。而且，通过设计和建立数学模型数据库系统，为计算机辅助制定工时定额创造了条件。以基本维修作业为研究对象，系统地分析了基本维修作业划分和量化的方法及步骤，包括模型确定的方法和系数求解公式，并对基于累计法的基本维修作业数学模型进行了深入的研究，从而得到了工时定额评估的一般方法。     

A BRIEF INTRODUCTION TO MERIDIAN PROJECT

Early in 1994, sponsored by Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and then the State Science and Technology Commission of China (SSTC, now Ministry of Sci ence and Technology), Chinese space scientists (including scientists from Taiwan) gathered together to discuss issues on the development of space physics researches in China. Following it, several special seminars were held to continue the discus sion which finally led to a proposal to CAS and SSTC for establishing a station chain along the 120°E to monitor the space environment. This proposal was care fully reviewed and thoroughly evaluated by many leading scientists in the com munity and then listed in the State Plan of Chinese Central Government in June 1997. The project then has been formally called as "Meridian Chain of Compre hensive Ground-Based Space Environment Monitors in the Eastern Hemisphere" "Meridian Project". After several years of preparations the project has been par tially initiated with the efforts devoted by institutes and universities involved.