预警卫星前馈+H∞回路成形复合控制

为补偿预警卫星扫描相机对系统产生的干扰力矩,考虑预警卫星系统的不确定性,设计了前馈+H∞回路成形的复合控制方案.用拉格朗日法建立有扫描相机的预警卫星动力学模型,根据H∞回路成形理论设计星体姿态控制器,用μ法分析控制器的鲁棒稳定性,基于动量守恒定理设计补偿扫描相机干扰力矩的前馈控制器.数学仿真结果表明:设计的前馈+H∞回路成形的复合控制方案具鲁棒稳定性,且能有效补偿扫描相机运动产生的扰动,控制精度和稳定度高.     

用激光干涉技术测量转速的研究

叙述了一种新型转速激光干涉测量方法,详细分析了这种方法的工作原理,确定了本测量方法的转速测量范围,给出了实验结果。     

激光伪随机编码的最小周期识别算法改进研究

目前激光制导武器使用的伪随机编码,基本都是利用移位寄存器加上特定的反馈函数来实现的,只要识别出其最小周期就可以利用准同步干扰方式进行干扰。对有限位伪随机码的特点进行研究和分析,介绍了一种新的计算小数之间的整数比的方法,并提出了对现有最小周期识别算法的改进算法。进行了仿真验证,结果表明:改进后的算法优于现有其他方法。     

航天器共因失效分析与预防初探

简要介绍了共因失效相关概念及分析方法,通过共因失效案例分析,对航天器如何开展共因失效分析以及如何预防共因失效进行了初步探讨,提出了航天器开展共因失效分析的定性和定量方法以及预防共因失效的措施。     

Development process of muzzle flows including a gun-launched missile

Numerical investigations on the launch process of a gun-launched missile from the muzzle of a cannon to the free-flight stage have been performed in this paper. The dynamic overlapped grids approach are applied to dealing with the problems of a moving gun-launched missile. The high-resolution upwind scheme(AUSMPW+) and the detailed reaction kinetics model are adopted to solve the chemical non-equilibrium Euler equations for dynamic grids. The development process and flow field structure of muzzle flows including a gun-launched missile are discussed in detail.This present numerical study confirms that complicated transient phenomena exist in the shortly launching stages when the gun-launched missile moves from the muzzle of a cannon to the freeflight stage. The propellant gas flows, the initial environmental ambient air flows and the moving missile mutually couple and interact. A complete structure of flow field is formed at the launching stages, including the blast wave, base shock, reflected shock, incident shock, shear layer, primary vortex ring and triple point.     

Carrier phase prediction method for GNSS precise positioning in challenging environment

Since the signals of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) are blocked frequently in challenging environments, the discontinuous carrier phases seriously affect the application of GNSS precise positioning. To improve the carrier phase continuity, this paper proposes a carrier phase prediction method based on carrier open-loop tracking. In the open-loop tracking mode, the carrier numerically controlled oscillator (NCO) is controlled by the predicted Doppler, but not by the loop filter output. To improve the phase prediction effective time, accurate receiver clock drift estimation is studied in the prediction method. The phase prediction performance is tested on GNSS software receiver. In the phase prediction effective time tests, open-loop processes were set for the tested channel. The test results show that, when some satellite signals are blocked in 15?s, the probability of carrier phase error less than quarter cycles is more than 94%. In the real time kinematic (RTK) positioning tests, some satellite signals are blocked in 10–15?s repeatedly. The test results show that, the carrier phase continuity is basically not affected by the signal interruption, and the RTK can almost keep continuous centimeter-level positioning accuracy without re-fixing the integer ambiguity.     

大型空间结构材料性质退化和结构损伤

就材料性质的退化对大型空间结构动力响应的影响以及大型空间结构在轨损伤评估两个问题进行简要论述。损伤通常在复合材料中发生。对典型的空间桁架结构研究表明:材料性质的退化将引起固有频率的降低,并对振型有显著影响。介绍一种应用在轨响应测量的理论来评估结构系统损伤的发生、位置和程度。以天线桁架为例说明此理论的应用。     

火星探测器捕获段自适应卡尔曼滤波方法

天文导航是一种广泛应用于深空探测任务中的节能、高效的导航方式。基于轨道动力学模型和星光角距的卡尔曼滤波方法已经被成功应用在天文导航系统中。在捕获段由于探测器所处动力学环境复杂,未建模的加速度误差,星历误差等都会造成过程噪声统计特性不完全。针对以上问题,提出一种根据新息和残差序列的变化趋势来调节过程噪声协方差阵的自适应平方根容积卡尔曼的方法（AQSCKF）。该方法先分别利用新息和残差计算调节因子,然后判断新息和残差的变化趋势,当新息和残差的变化趋势一致时,取二者调节因子的均值作为过程噪声方差阵的调节因子,对其进行调节。此外,本文还将该方法与传统的只利用新息或残差在线调节协方差阵的平方根容积卡尔曼滤波（SCKF）方法进行对比,仿真结果表明,在解决由于过程噪声统计特性不能完全已知的问题上,AQSCKF算法不仅能显著提高导航精度,并且具有很好的稳定性。     

脉冲展宽对深空激光通信的影响与补偿研究

深空激光通信系统下行链路的脉冲位置调制PPM（Pulse Position Modulation）信号在经过大气信道传输和单光子探测器接收时,将出现脉冲展宽效应,引起通信系统性能下降。分析了大气信道中的淡积云云层散射、大气湍流与气溶胶散射和单光子探测器的抖动特性所引起的脉冲展宽效应。在此基础上,仿真分析了淡积云云层物理厚度对不同PPM调制阶数下通信速率的影响,并研究了单光子探测器引起的脉冲展宽产生的抖动损失。为补偿脉冲展宽的影响,提出了一种基于时隙似然比解调的补偿方法,通过仿真验证了该方法能够有效降低深空PPM激光通信链路中脉冲展宽对通信误码率的影响。该研究对分析和提升深空PPM激光通信系统的链路性能具有一定的参考意义。     

捷联式反辐射导引头角跟踪技术研究

对于工作在低频段的地空反辐射导引头,传统的稳定平台式导引头无法满足小口径要求,为此采用捷联干涉仪体制。但是采用该体制后,天线是固定安装在弹体上的,无法直接提取比例导引指令,必须寻求新的解决方案。针对该问题,提出采用捷联式角跟踪与解耦方法来消除导引头的弹体姿态扰动耦合,实现视线稳定跟踪。首先,给出了捷联式角跟踪与解耦技术的工作原理与实现方法,在此基础上,对系统进行了仿真建模与性能分析。结果表明,测量误差和噪声较小时,该方法能获得较好的解耦与跟踪性能,所得结果为捷联式导引头角跟踪系统的工程实现提供了理论基础,也为未来导引头的小型化需求提供了一种新的解决方案。