Dynamics and control of spacecraft hovering using the geomagnetic Lorentz force

To achieve hovering, a spacecraft thrusts continuously to induce an equilibrium state at a desired position. Due to the constraints on the quantity of propellant onboard, long-time hovering around low-Earth orbits (LEO) is hardly achievable using traditional chemical propulsion. The Lorentz force, acting on an electrostatically charged spacecraft as it moves through a planetary magnetic field, provides a new propellantless method for orbital maneuvers. This paper investigates the feasibility of using the induced Lorentz force as an auxiliary means of propulsion for spacecraft hovering. Assuming that the Earth’s magnetic field is a dipole that rotates with the Earth, a dynamical model that characterizes the relative motion of Lorentz spacecraft is derived to analyze the required open-loop control acceleration for hovering. Based on this dynamical model, we first present the hovering configurations that could achieve propellantless hovering and the corresponding required specific charge of a Lorentz spacecraft. For other configurations, optimal open-loop control laws that minimize the control energy consumption are designed. Likewise, the optimal trajectories of required specific charge and control acceleration are both presented. The effect of orbital inclination on the expenditure of control energy is also analyzed. Further, we also develop a closed-loop control approach for propellantless hovering. Numerical results prove the validity of proposed control methods for hovering and show that hovering around low-Earth orbits would be achievable if the required specific charge of a Lorentz spacecraft becomes feasible in the future. Typically, hovering radially several kilometers above a target in LEO requires specific charges on the order of 0.1 C/kg.     

现代战斗机的飞行试验

根据近几年新机飞行试验的工程实践,结合国外飞行试验的经验,叙述了现代战斗机飞行试验的特点,包括飞行试验的架次和周期,机载测试和地面实时监控,地面支持设施,它机试飞和组织管理;由于电传操纵显得更为突出的飞行试验技术,包括飞控系统稳定裕度、颤振和气动伺服弹性(ASE)、人机闭环飞行品质和大迎角试飞技术,提出了国内飞行试验工作方面目前存在的若干问题.      

图象压缩技术的发展

图象压缩是信息领域发展中的关键技术之一,本文综述了图象压缩技术的发展,论述了各发展阶段的基本压缩原理、特点及主要实用方法的优缺点。对80年代后期新发展的分数维压缩方法的有关概念、方法及现状着重作了论述。分数维图象压缩方法与VLSI技术的结合,将会对未来的遥感、通讯、导航及一切与图象有关的领域产生重大影响。     

一种新型恒温—温补晶体振荡器

提出了一种ＯＣＸＯ的恒温控制方法。该方法是利用乙醇的沸点制成换态式恒温箱。这种温度控制方法既可以用作中准确度的ＯＣＸＯ，又可以作为精密双层控温ＯＣＸＯ的外层恒温装置，还可以与简单的温补线路结合，构成高准确度的ＯＴＣＸＯ。     

大型航天器SGCMG系统的奇异性分析研究

应用单框架控制力矩陀螺系统（SGCMG）是大型航天器姿控系统较为理想的选择，但是该系统存在严重的奇异现象，增加了操纵律的设计与开发的难度。文章从奇异性分析的角度对单杠架控制力矩陀螺系统的奇异状态进行了研究，提出了奇异可回避性的判别方法，并据此对SGCMG系统奇异状态进行了系统的分类，针对常用的各种构形的SGCMG系统进行了讨论。     

CCSDS图像无损压缩标准在恒速信道中的应用研究

在CCSDS建议的无损数据压缩的基本原理上 ,结合基于局域纹理特征的处理方法 ,给出数据输入输出在恒速信道条件下一种有效的面向空间应用的遥感图像无损压缩方案。该方案包括去相关处理、熵编码以及压缩缓存控制三部分。去相关操作是在局域纹理分析方法的基础上 ,通过提取两种有效的预测模型并自适应选择最佳的模型进行处理 ;然后采用快速有效的CCSDS熵编码器对最佳去相关模型的预测误差编码。在压缩方案中充分考虑了输入输出恒速信道条件下应用的特殊性 ,设计了相应的压缩码流控制方法 ,从而给出了一套有效的针对恒速输入输出信道条件下的图像无损压缩的应用方案     

Avoid online radiation risk: Theoretical simulation of chromosome breaks in cells exposed to heavy ions

In this study, we report an easy and quick method on simulating chromosome breaks in cells exposed to heavy charged particles. The theoretical value of chromosome break was calculated, and validated comparison with experimental value by using premature chromosome condensation technique. A good consistency was found between theoretical and experimental value. This suggested that higher relative biological effectiveness of heavy ions was closely correlated with its physical characteristics. Also, a safe approach on predicting chromosome breaks in cells exposed to heavy ions at off-line environment can be considered. Furthermore, three key factors influencing the theoretical simulation was investigated and discussed.     

Application of Wuhan Ionospheric Oblique Backscattering Sounding System (WIOBSS) for the investigation of midlatitude ionospheric irregularities

An upgrade of Wuhan Ionospheric Backscattering Sounding System (WIOBSS) was developed in 2015. Based on the Universal Serial Bus (USB), and a high performance FPGA, the newly designed WIOBSS has a completely digital structure, which makes it portable and flexible. Two identical WIOBSSs, which were situated at Mile (24.31°N, 103.39°E) and Puer (22.74°N, 101.05°E) respectively, were used to investigate the ionospheric irregularities. The comparisons of group distance, Doppler shift and width between Mile-Puer and Puer-Mile VHF ionospheric propagation paths indicate that the reciprocity of the irregularities is satisfied at midlatitude region. The WIOBSS is robust in the detection of ionospheric irregularities.     

Electron density inversed by plasma lines induced by suprathermal electron in the ionospheric modification experiment

Incoherent scatter radar (ISR) is the most powerful ground-based measurement facility to study the ionosphere. The plasma lines are not routinely detected by the incoherent scatter radar due to the low intensity, which falls below the measured spectral noise level of the incoherent scatter radar. The plasma lines are occasionally enhanced by suprathermal electrons through the Landau damping process and detectable to the incoherent scatter radar. In this study, by using the European Incoherent Scatter Association (EISCAT) UHF incoherent scatter radar, the experiment observation presents that the enhanced plasma lines were observed. These plasma lines were considered as manifest of the suprathermal electrons generated by the high-frequency heating wave during the ionospheric modification. The electron density profile is also obtained from the enhanced plasma lines. This study can be a promising technique for obtaining the accurate electron density during ionospheric modification experiment.